In this study, the response of ten composite post-tensioned concrete beams topped by a reinforced concrete deck with adequate reinforcing shear connectors is investigated. Depending on the concrete compressive strength of the deck slab (20, 30, and 40 MPa), beams are grouped into three categories. Seven of these beams are exposed to a fire attack of 700 and 800 °C temperature simultaneously with or without the presence of a uniformly distributed sustained static loading. After cooling back to ambient temperature, these composite beams are loaded up to failure, using a force control module, by monotonic static loading in a four-point-bending setup with two symmetrical concentrated loads applied in the middle third of the effective span. The objectives of this study include investigating the behavior of the composite prestressed concrete beams under and after the exposure to a direct fire flame, as well as finding their residual load-carrying capacity. Tests demonstrate significant deteriorations caused by exposure to high temperatures associated with the increase of the member’s camber. The increase of the midspan camber after heating exposure reached approximately 200%. On the other hand, the 1-h steady-state exposure of test specimens to temperatures of 700 and 800 °C led to reduce the load-carrying capacity of the heat-deteriorated beams up to 45% and 54%, respectively.
Florida is one of the most important American states. It was discovered by the Spanish explorer (De León), and subsequently, French and English colonies were established. By June 25, 1868, Florida had become one of the American states. Its economic importance became prominent after the increase in commercial activities, and its economy grew significantly in the first quarter of the twentieth century. In addition, its important geographical location enabled it to play a significant role in global politics.
Expressions for the molecular topological features of silicon carbide compounds are essential for quantitative structure-property and structure-activity interactions. Chemical Graph Theory is a subfield of computational chemistry that investigates topological indices of molecular networks that correlate well with the chemical characteristics of chemical compounds. In the modern age, topological indices are extremely important in the study of graph theory. Topological indices are critical tools for understanding the core topology of chemical structures while examining chemical substances. In this article, compute the first and second k-Banhatti index, modified first and second k-Banhatti index, first and second k-hyper Banhatti index, fir
... Show MoreThe present investigation developed the ester prodrugs of Non-steroidal anti inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), Mefenamic acid and Flurbiprofen by conjugating with the natural antioxidant, 4-methyl umbelliferone that resulted the formation of Mefenamic acid-umbelliferone ester prodrug and Flurbiprofen-umbelliferone ester prodrug .The principal objective this study is the synthesis of the ester prodrugs of NSAIDs with the enhanced therapeutic activity and minimized side effects. Prodrugs were synthesized by coupling method using N,N’- dicyclohexylcarbodiimide/4-dimethylaminopyrimidine, subjected to physical, chemical characterization, spectral characterization (IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and Mass spectra),hydro
... Show MoreThe complexes of Schiff base of 4-aminoantipyrine and 1,10-phenanthroline with metal ions Mn (II), Cu (II), Ni (II) and Cd (II) were prepared in ethanolic solution, these complexes were characterized by Infrared , electronic spectra, molar conductance, Atomic Absorption ,microanalysis elemental and magnetic moment measurements. From these studies the tetrahedral geometry structure for the prepared complexes were suggested.The prepared ligand of 4-aminoantipyrine was characterized by using Gc-mass spectrometer .
A New Perspective About Masculinity and the Issue of Identity in Ernest Hemingway's The Old Man and The Sea and Michael Ondaatje's in The Skin of a lion
Salicylaldehyde was react with 4-amino-2,3-dimethyl-1-phenyl-3-Pyrazoline-5-on to produce the novel Schiff base ligand 2,3-dimethyl-1-phenyl-4-salicylidene-3-pyrazoline-5-on (HL). A new complexes of VO(II), Cr(Ш), Zn(II), Cd(II), Hg(II) and UO2(II) with mixed ligands of bipyridyl and new shiff base ( 2,3-dimethyl-1-phenyl-4-salicylidene-3-pyrazoline-5-on) (HL) were prepared . All prepared compounds were identified by atomic absorption, FT.IR , UV-Visable spectra and molar conductivity. From the above data, the proposed molecular structure for VO(II) complex is squre pyramidal while (Zn(II), Cd(II), Hg(II)) and ( UO2(II),Cr(III)) complexes are forming tetrahedral and octahedral geometry respectively.
Mixed ligand complexes of bivalent metal ions, viz ; M= Co(II),Ni(II),Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd (II), and Hg(II) of the composition [M(Anth)2(TMP)] in 1:2:1 molar ratio, (where . AnthrH= Anthranilic acid (C7H7NO2) and Trimethoprime (TMP) = (C14H18N4O3) have been synthesized and characterized by repeated melting point determination, Solubility, Molar conductivity (Λm ),determination the percentage of the metal (M%) in the complexes by (AAS), FT-IR, magnetic susceptibility measurements [μeff (BM)] and electronic spectral data. The two ligands and their metal complexes have been screened for their bacterial activity against selected microbial strains (Gram +ve) & (Gram -ve).
Mixed ligand complexes of bivalent metal ions, viz ; M= Co(II),Ni(II),Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd (II), and Hg(II) of the composition [M(Anth)2(TMP)] in 1:2:1 molar ratio, (where . AnthrH= Anthranilic acid (C7H7NO2) and Trimethoprime (TMP) = (C14H18N4O3) have been synthesized and characterized by repeated melting point determination, Solubility, Molar conductivity (Λm ),determination the percentage of the metal (M%) in the complexes by (AAS), FT-IR, magnetic susceptibility measurements [µeff (BM)] and electronic spectral data. The two ligands and their metal complexes have been screened for their bacterial activity against selected microbial strains (Gram +ve) & (Gram -ve).
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... Show MoreIn this study, multi-objective optimization of nanofluid aluminum oxide in a mixture of water and ethylene glycol (40:60) is studied. In order to reduce viscosity and increase thermal conductivity of nanofluids, NSGA-II algorithm is used to alter the temperature and volume fraction of nanoparticles. Neural network modeling of experimental data is used to obtain the values of viscosity and thermal conductivity on temperature and volume fraction of nanoparticles. In order to evaluate the optimization objective functions, neural network optimization is connected to NSGA-II algorithm and at any time assessment of the fitness function, the neural network model is called. Finally, Pareto Front and the corresponding optimum points are provided and
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