Clerodendron inerme is used to treat asthma, inflammation, Parkinson’s diseases, and other diseases.This research is aimed to determine antibacterial and antioxidant effects in the anthraquinones’ fraction of Clerodendron inerme leaves.Well-diffusion agar, minimum inhibitory concentration, and minimal bactericidal concentration were used to test the antibacterial properties of the four types of bacteria.DPPH radical scavenging assay was used to evaluate their antioxidant activity.GC-MS and FTIR analysis were used to identify anthraquinones compounds of the leaves in the plant.Anthraquinones component from the leaves of C.inerme has shown significant inhibition against pathogenic bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The anthraquinones extract of plant leaves has higher antioxidant activity compared to the control (ascorbic acid).IR spectra of anthraquinones extract from the leaves of C.inerme exhibited O-H stretching as a strong band at 3347.84 cm-1.C-H stretch bands are found in bands 2924.15 and 2857.29 cm-1. C= O group are located in the bands of 1733.18 cm-1 and 1637.72 cm-1. The C-H bending groups at 1375.64 cm-1 and the C-O groups at 1236.81 and 1050.16 cm-1 were detected. GC-MS results of the leaves of C.inerme identified specific anthraquinones compounds are Emodin, 1,4-Dihydroxyanthraquinone, 1-ethoxyanthraquinone, 2-Ethylanthraquinone, 9,10-Anthracenedione, 1,5- Dihydroxyanthrachinon, 1,4-Dimethoxybenzene, 1,4-Cyclohexanedione, and 2,3-Dimethylquinone. In conclusion, the anthraquinones of the green part of this plant have good antibacterial and antioxidant activities. The results suggest that anthraquinones from the leaves of C.inerme are a source of antimicrobials agents against harmful bacteria and antioxidant sources.
