Shadow removal is crucial for robot and machine vision as the accuracy of object detection is greatly influenced by the uncertainty and ambiguity of the visual scene. In this paper, we introduce a new algorithm for shadow detection and removal based on different shapes, orientations, and spatial extents of Gaussian equations. Here, the contrast information of the visual scene is utilized for shadow detection and removal through five consecutive processing stages. In the first stage, contrast filtering is performed to obtain the contrast information of the image. The second stage involves a normalization process that suppresses noise and generates a balanced intensity at a specific position compared to the neighboring intensities. In the third stage, the boundary of the target object is extracted, and in the fourth and fifth stages, respectively, the region of interest (ROI) is highlighted and reconstructed. Our model was tested and evaluated using realistic scenarios which include outdoor and indoor scenes. The results reflect the ability of our approach to detect and remove shadows and reconstruct a shadow free image with a small error of approximately 6%.
A phytoremediation experiment was carried out with kerosene as a model for total petroleum hydrocarbons. A constructed wetland of barley was exposed to kerosene pollutants at varying concentrations (1, 2, and 3% v/v) in a subsurface flow (SSF) system. After a period of 42 days of exposure, it was found that the average ability to eliminate kerosene ranged from 56.5% to 61.2%, with the highest removal obtained at a kerosene concentration of 1% v/v. The analysis of kerosene at varying initial concentrations allowed the kinetics of kerosene to be fitted with the Grau model, which was closer than that with the zero order, first order, or second order kinetic models. The experimental study showed that the barley plant designed in a subsu
... Show MoreIn light of today's business world, who faces challenges and intense competition as a result of the rapid evolution of technical and informational, organizations had to respond to variables through the adoption of modern management techniques that reduce the effects of risks and activating the role of the internal control system in order to contribute to the early detection of risks and reduce the negative results expected .The research is to address the problem faced by organizations which still follow the traditional methods in the control activities, and the lack of knowledge of the management and their staff of the importance of the existence of risk management and internal control system takes into account these risks, and the limit
... Show MoreTitanium dioxide nanorods have been prepared by sol-gel template
method. The structural and surface morphology of the TiO2 nanorods was
investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy
(AFM), it was found that the nanorods produced were anatase TiO2 phase.
The photocatalytic activity of the TiO2 nanorods was evaluated by the
photo degradation of methyl orange (MO). The relatively higher
degradation efficiency for MO (D%=78.2) was obtained after 6h of exposed
to UV irradiation.
Purpose: This research is to identify the most important challenges for the local investment commissions and to develop solutions and proposals to encourage local and foreign investment in local governments in Iraq (the Iraqi provinces are irregular in the region). Theoretical Framework: This research suggests a conceptual framework for the local investment commissions in order to solve their problems, the most important of which was to identify the most critical challenges which are facing the Baghdad Investment Commission BIC and how to overcome them. Design/The methodology approach: Research involved a mixed-methods approach through two stages. During the first stage, the researcher gathered quantitative data from all inves
... Show MoreThe most frequently diagnosed condition in women at the age of reproduction is the polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).it could be related to a complex endocrine condition, due to its heterogeneity and uncertainty about its etiology, as the clinical highlights of PCOS incorporate those related to reproductive signs such as decreased frequency of ovulation, irregular menstrual cycles, decreased fertility. Carnitine plays a substantial role in weight loss, glucose tolerance, insulin function and fatty acid metabolism. Thus carnitine plays a crucial role in controlling obesity, insulin resistance, oxidative stress that are associated with PCOS .While, AGEs are a diverse group of reactive molecules that are formed end
... Show MoreABSTRACT Purpose: The determination of standard scores and levels for some mental skills by researchers is of great importance, especially if it matches the target research sample, Method: as the researchers used the descriptive approach in the survey method, and the researchers chose the sample of youth players for clubs for the season (2022-2021), numbering (127) players, and the researchers identified the scale and procedures and applied it to the research sample, Results: obtained the results that were processed, extracted grades and standard levels, and then interpreted them and obtained conclusions, Conclusion: the most important of which are: The standard levels of mental skills reached the results of the sample studied within the
... Show MoreA simple, fast, inexpensive and sensitive method has been proposed to screen and optimize experimental factors that effecting the determination of phenylephrine hydrochloride (PHE.HCl) in pure and pharmaceutical formulations. The method is based on the development of brown-colored charge transfer (CT) complex with p-Bromanil (p-Br) in an alkaline medium (pH=9) with 1.07 min after heating at 80 °C. ‘Design of Experiments’ (DOE) employing ‘Central Composite Face Centered Design’ (CCF) and ‘Response Surface Methodology’ (RSM) were applied as an improvement to traditional ‘One Variable at Time’ (OVAT) approach to evaluate the effects of variations in selected factors (volume of 5×10-3 M p-Br, heating time, and temperature) on
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