Traditionally, path selection within routing is formulated as a shortest path optimization problem. The objective function for optimization could be any one variety of parameters such as number of hops, delay, cost...etc. The problem of least cost delay constraint routing is studied in this paper since delay constraint is very common requirement of many multimedia applications and cost minimization captures the need to
distribute the network. So an iterative algorithm is proposed in this paper to solve this problem. It is appeared from the results of applying this algorithm that it gave the optimal path (optimal solution) from among multiple feasible paths (feasible solutions).

Throughout this paper R represents a commutative ring with identity and all R-modules M are unitary left R-modules. In this work we introduce the notion of S-maximal submodules as a generalization of the class of maximal submodules, where a proper submodule N of an R-module M is called S-maximal, if whenever W is a semi essential submodule of M with N ? W ? M, implies that W = M. Various properties of an S-maximal submodule are considered, and we investigate some relationships between S-maximal submodules and some others related concepts such as almost maximal submodules and semimaximal submodules. Also, we study the behavior of S-maximal submodules in the class of multiplication modules. Farther more we give S-Jacobson radical of ri

A confluence of forces has brought journalism and journalism education to a precipice. The rise of fascism, the advance of digital technology, and the erosion of the economic foundation of news media are disrupting journalism and mass communication (JMC) around the world. Combined with the increasingly globalized nature of journalism and media, these forces are posing extraordinary challenges to and opportunities for journalism and media education. This essay outlines 10 core principles to guide and reinvigorate international JMC education. We offer a concluding principle for JMC education as a foundation for the general education of college students.

Throughout this paper R represents a commutative ring with identity and all R-modules M are unitary left R-modules. In this work we introduce the notion of S-maximal submodules as a generalization of the class of maximal submodules, where a proper submodule N of an R-module M is called S-maximal, if whenever W is a semi essential submodule of M with N ⊊ W ⊆ M, implies that W = M. Various properties of an S-maximal submodule are considered, and we investigate some relationships between S-maximal submodules and some others related concepts such as almost maximal submodules and semimaximal submodules. Also, we study the behavior of S-maximal submodules in the class of multiplication modules. Farther more we give S-Jacobson radical of rings

Erratum for Organic acid concentration thresholds for ageing of carbonate minerals: Implications for CO2 trapping/storage.

In this paper, the goal of proposed method is to protect data against different types of attacks by unauthorized parties. The basic idea of proposed method is generating a private key from a specific features of digital color image such as color (Red, Green and Blue); the generating process of private key from colors of digital color image performed via the computing process of color frequencies for blue color of an image then computing the maximum frequency of blue color, multiplying it by its number and adding process will performed to produce a generated key. After that the private key is generated, must be converting it into the binary representation form. The generated key is extracted from blue color of keyed image then we selects a c

The gas sensing properties of Co3O4and Co3O4:Y nano structures were investigated. The films were synthesized using the hydrothermal method on a seeded layer. The XRD, SEM analysis and gas sensing properties were investigated for Co3O4and Co3O4:Y thin films. XRD analysis shows that all films are polycrystalline in nature, having a cubic structure, and the crystallite size is (11.7)nm for cobalt oxide and (9.3)nm for the Co3O4:10%Y. The SEM analysis of thin films obviously indicates that Co3O4possesses a nanosphere-like structure and a flower-like structure for Co3O4:Y.The sensitivity, response time and recovery time to a H2S reducing gas were tested at different operating

Simulation  of  the  Linguistic  Fuzzy Trust  Model  (LFTM)  over  oscillating  Wireless  Sensor Networks (WSNs) where the goodness of the servers belonging to them could change along the time is presented in this paper, and the comparison between the outcomes achieved with LFTM model over oscillating WSNs with the outcomes obtained by applying the model over static WSNs where the servers maintaining always the same goodness, in terms of the selection percentage of trustworthy servers (the accuracy of the model) and the average path length are also presented here. Also in this paper the comparison between the LFTM and the Bio-inspired Trust and Reputation Model for Wireless Sensor Network