Abnormalities in the Lipid and lipoprotein levels are common in the general population and are considered as very important risk- factors for cardiovascular disease .In this context the effect of cholesterol, which is one of the most clinically relevant lipids is very important. Aim of the present study was to determine the levels of GLP-1 and GPCR in non- diabetic dyslipidaemic patients and compare the results with the control group, which may be used as a novel biomarker to predict heart disease in these patients. The study was also aimed to find the relationship between GLP-1 and GPCR with lipid profile and glucagon in the patient group. The study involved 90 non-diabetic dyslipidaemia patients, with 90 healthy controls. The subjects were matched by age (35-50 years) and body mass index (BMI) (28 kg/m2). Blood samples were collected from healthy controls and dyslipidaemic patients after 12-14 hours of fasting. The study was conducted between January 2015– September 2015 in the Ibn- Al Naphes hospital in Baghdad province / Iraq .Diabetic patients were exclusion from this study. BMI were determined for all student groups.FBG, Lipid Profile ,glucagon, GLP-1, GPCR was determined in the control and patient groups. The results are expressed as mean ± SEM. Student ̓s t-test was used to compare the significance of the variation between dyslipidaemia and control groups. Results showed nonsignificant elevations in BMI, FBS, and HbA1c levels in the patient group compared with the control group. There was a significant elevation in TC, TG, LDL-c, and VLDL-c levels in the patient group compared with the control group, while a significant decrease was noticed in HDL-c level in the patient group compared with the control group .There was also a significant elevation in glucagon, while a highly significant elevation in GLP-1 and GPCR levels in the patient group when compared with the control group. A significant correlation was observed between GLP-1 with TC, TG, HDL-c, and GPCR in the patient group. There was also a significant correlation between GPCR with TC, TG and HDL-c in the patient group. From this study, it is concluded that a significant increase in GLP-1and GPCR levels, in addition to their correlation with TC, TG, HDL-c and glucagon in the patient group, compared to the control group indicate that these parameters could be used as a novel biomarker to predict heart disease in these patients in future.
Background Osteoarthritis is a chronic degenerative disorder with rising prevalence. Early detection of structural damage is difficult. Consequently, there is a pressing demand for reliable biomarkers that enable an earlier diagnosis of osteoarthritis. The aim is to investigate the level of serum fibulin-3 in patients with primary knee osteoarthritis and its correlation with disease severity. Subjects and methods A case–control study was conducted at the Baqubah Teaching Hospital from November 2023 to January 2024. One hundred twenty persons participated in this study (eighty females with the diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis in its early and late stages, and forty age-matched, apparently healthy control. Serum fibulin-3, ESR, CRP, and cal
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Gestational diabetes mellitus is glucose intolerance of varying degree with onset or first detection duringpregnancy,it can causelong and short term morbidities in both the mother and the child, such as shoulder dystocia,preeclampsia, and high blood pressure. The most powerful endogenous vasoconstrictor peptide, urotensin II, andits receptor are involved in the etiology of gestational diabetes mellitus.Aim of the study: The study’s goal was to see if there is a link between Urotensin II levels and insulin resistancein pregnant women with gestational diabetes.Patients and method: A case-control study that was conducted in obstetrics and gynecology department atBaghdad Teaching hospital from the first of January 2019 to the end of D
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Introduction and Aim: Forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) are the key regulators controlling the activity of Treg cells, which are crucial for maintaining immune tolerance and reducing autoimmune reactions. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential utility of elevated levels of FOXP3 and IL-10 gene expression as a diagnostic indicator in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Materials and Methods: The study used quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to examine the expression levels of FOXP3 and IL-10 transcripts in whole blood samples from Iraqi patients with rheumatoid arthritis. A group of healthy control subjects were also included in the study. Results: In blood samples taken fr
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The aim of this research is to investigation the optimization of the machining parameters (spindle speed, feed rate, depth of cut, diameter of cutter and number of flutes of cutter) of surface roughness for free-form surface of composite material (Aluminum 6061 reinforced boron carbide) by using HSS uncoated flat end mill cutters which are rare use of the free-form surface. Side milling (profile) is the method used in this study by CNC vertical milling machine. The purpose of using ANFIS to obtain the better prediction of surface roughness values and decreased of the error prediction value and get optimum machining parameters by using Taguchi method for the best surface roughness at spindle speed 4500 r.p.m, 920mm/rev feed rate, 0.6mm de
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The propagation of laser beam in the underdense deuterium plasma has been studied via computer simulation using the fluid model. An appropriate computer code “HEATER” has been modified and is used for this purpose. The propagation is taken to be in a cylindrical symmetric medium. Different laser wavelengths (1 = 10.6 m, 2 = 1.06 m, and 3 = 0.53 m) with a Gaussian pulse type and 15 ns pulse widths have been considered. Absorption energy and laser flux have been calculated for different plasma and laser parameters. The absorbed laser energy showed maximum for = 0.53 m. This high absorbitivity was inferred to the effect of the pondermotive force.
Background: Feeding is a complicated process that involves the coordination of cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal (GI), and oropharyngeal mechanisms, with support from the musculoskeletal and craniofacial systems. The practice of feeding could be correlated with eruption stage and nutritional status in infants. Aim of the study: This study aimed to assess the relation of feeding patterns to a selected oral variable (stage of the eruption of primary teeth) and growth parameters among clinically healthy infants. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional comparative study on a sample of (300) infants aged between 6 and 18 months was performed in Karbala City, Iraq. The feeding pattern was investigated using an information sheet ans
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Phytoplankton community is a model for of monitoring aquatic systems and interpreting the environmental change in aquatic systems. The present study aimed to forecast environmental parameters that drive the change of phytoplankton community structure in the lake. The present study was carried out in Baghdad Tourist Island Lake (BTIL) for the period From October 2021 to May 2022. The study included the quality and quantity of phytoplankton, moreover, the highest and lowest value of the physical and chemical parameters were (Water temperature (13-30 °C), Light penetration (94-275cm), electric conductivity (837-1128 µS/cm), salinity (0.5-0.7 ‰), pH (7-8.2), total alkalinity (126-226 mg CaCO3/L), total Hardness (297-395 mg CaCO3/L
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Background: Dental caries is a localized, progressive destructive, largely irreversible microbial based disease of multifactorial nature; these factors include (host, microbes and food) they influence differently on the initiation and progression of dental caries. The aims of the study: was to evaluate the effect of smoking on salivary flow rate, secretory immunoglobulin (SIgA) level and viable count of mutans streptococci (M.S) bacteria in oral cavity and their relation to dental caries experience. Material and method: The samples were collected from 80 male students ranging in ages from 18-22 years old. Where they divided in to two groups, 40 non-smokers (control group) and 40 smokers (study group). Unstimulated salivary samples were c
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Background: Diabetes mellitus is a common health problem of the world. Iron may be a part of the cause of the disease and its Complications
Objectives: This study was designed to determine the relationship between the levels of iron indices and diabetes mellitus type 2. Type 2
Type of the study: Cross –sectional study.
Methods: diabetes mellitus is clinical condition characterized by hyperglycemia due to the absolute or relative deficiency of insulin. It is also followed by pathological abnormalities like impaired insulin secretion, peripheral insulin resistance, and excessive hepatic glucose production. Although type 2 diabetes mellitus i
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