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Natural Biostimulant Attenuates Salinity Stress Effects in Chili Pepper by Remodeling Antioxidant, Ion, and Phytohormone Balances, and Augments Gene Expression
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A biostimulant is any microorganism or substance used to enhance the efficiency of nutrition, tolerance to abiotic stress and/or quality traits of crops, depending on its contents from nutrients. Plant biostimulants like honey bee (HB) and silymarin (Sm) are a strategic trend for managing stressed crops by promoting nutritional and hormonal balance, regulating osmotic protectors, antioxidants, and genetic potential, reflecting plant growth and productivity. We applied diluted honey bee (HB) and silymarin-enriched honey bee (HB- Sm) as foliar nourishment to investigate their improving influences on growth, yield, nutritional and hormonal balance, various osmoprotectant levels, different components of antioxidant system, and genetic potential of chili pepper plants grown under NaCl-salinity stress (10 dS m‒1). HB significantly promoted the examined attributes and HB-Sm conferred optimal values, including growth, productivity, K+/Na+ ratio, capsaicin, and Sm contents. The antioxidative defense components were significantly better than those obtained with HB alone. Conversely, levels of oxidative stress markers (superoxide ions and hydrogen peroxide) and parameters related to membrane damage (malondialdehyde level, stability index, ionic leakage, Na+, and Cl− contents) were significantly reduced. HB-Sm significantly affects inactive gene expression, as a natural biostimulator silencing active gene expression. SCoT primers were used as proof in salt-treated or untreated chili pepper plants. There were 41 cDNA amplicons selected by SCoT-primers. Twenty of them were EcDNA amplicons (cDNA-amplicons that enhanced their genes by one or more treatments) representing 49% of all cDNA amplicons, whereas 7 amplicons for ScDNA (whose genes were silenced in one or more treatments) represented 17%, and 14 McDNA (monomorphic cDNA-amplicons with control) amplicons were represented by 34% from all cDNA amplicons. This indicates the high effect of BH-Sm treatments in expression enhancement of some inactive genes and their silenced effect for expression of some active genes, also confirming that cDNA-SCoT markers succeeded in detection of variable gene expression patterns between the untreated and treated plants. In conclusion, HB-Sm as a natural multi-biostimulator can attenuate salt stress effects in chili pepper plants by remodeling the antioxidant defense system and ameliorating plant productivity.

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Publication Date
Wed Aug 01 2018
Journal Name
Collegian
Behaviour change interventions to improve medication adherence in patients with cardiac disease: Protocol for a mixed methods study including a pilot randomised controlled trial
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Publication Date
Wed Jun 07 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The Effectiveness of a Program in Developing Awareness of the Criteria for Judging Electronic Educational Materials Among Students of Teaching Diploma at Dhofar University
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The study aims to develop the awareness of the criteria for judging electronic educational materials among students of educational qualification at Dhofar University over spreading the Corona pandemic through a program based on mini-educational units. The study was applied to (18) students studying Teaching diploma at Dhofar University for the academic year 2020-2021, and their number. They were chosen intentionally. The study resulted in reaching a list of criteria for judging electronic educational materials, roughly (18) criteria in the selection themes and (15) criteria in the use theme. The level of awareness of the sample members with the criteria for selecting and using electronic educational materials and the effectiveness of the

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Publication Date
Thu Feb 08 2024
Journal Name
Ijaz Arabi Journal Of Arabic Learning
Patterns Of Arabic Poetic Vision In The Collection Of Al-Abbas Bin Mardas Al-Sulami/ أنماط الرؤيا الشعرية في ديوان العباس بن مرداس السلمي
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A poetic vision appeared in the poem of Al-Abbas bin Mardas Al-Sulami. He lived in the eras of pre-Islamic times and the emergence of Islam. The focus of this research: is the study of poetic text in the pre-Islamic era and the era of early Islam. The research followed a method in treating poetic texts, as it is based on presenting poetic texts from the collection of Al-Abbas bin Mardas, explaining the features of his poetic vision, and examining all the external factors that surrounded the poet and influenced his vision and all his thoughts. The results of this research was that Al-Abbas Ibn Mardas revealed some of the positions that he found contradicted the authentic Arab value before the advent of Islam, and the poet Abbas bin Mardas tr

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 04 2024
Journal Name
المورد
((The effect of mentioning, deleting, or changing the form of some Arabic letters on the meaning of the context of the sentence in Arabic))
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The letters are exposed in some texts of the classical Arabic language (poetry or prose), or in some of the Qur’anic texts, which are the main sources that were adopted on the day when provisions, rules and linguistic controls were established. I say that some of these letters are exposed in some contexts to deletion, mention, or change in the structure and shape of the letter. As for the omission, it is one of the aspects that distinguished Arabic, as well as other languages, for many purposes that differ among their user.

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Determining the Optimal Ratio of Liquidity in Iraqi Commercial Banks for period (2005-2013): applied research using Iraqi Commercial Banks as a sample study
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  This study  focused on a fundamental issue which was represented by ability of Iraqi central bank in facing the difficulty of determining  the optimal ratio of liquidity in the Iraqi banks in terms of the balancing between its obligations to the depositors and borrowers, and liquidate their funds on one hand and the risks on the other hand.the search aimed  for achieving the goals which represented by identifying the possibility of Iraqi banks to apply the regulations rules and  instructions  issued by central bank  of  Iraq in determining  ratio  of  liquidity and  its  appropriate with Iraqi  banks  action to implement  a  reasonable  profit to&

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Publication Date
Mon Jul 04 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The possibility of adopting strategic management accounting techniques to increase competitiveness Iraqi economic units in light of the variables of the contemporary business environment.
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The accession of countries to the World Trade Agreement and the openness of markets to each other without restrictions led to the emergence of the philosophy of "a world without borders and business units without countries", which required adapting the modern business environment to that philosophy, which is considered as objectives for the activities of the units that must be implemented in order to achieve competition. The objective of the units has changed from making profit to meeting the desires of customers, which is what imposed a new role for management accounting as a field of knowledge renewed in it visions of competitiveness between units. Because of the increasing needs for information in light of environmental change

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 04 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
A proposal to impose a tax on the profits of securities trading to increase tax revenues: Applied research in the General Commission of Taxes
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Abstract:

                The research aims to identify the concept of trading securities in Iraq and to propose a new mechanism for the taxation of trading profits and the extent of its impact on tax revenues, as it was observed that there are professional investors in the trading market and some of them achieve huge annual profits. and this profit should be like other taxable profits. The General Commission of Taxes and in cooperation with the Iraq Stock Exchange should identifying those profits, subjecting them to income tax, and adding them to the tax base. The researcher relied on the use of the descriptive and analytical approach bas

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 18 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Evaluation of Proceedings External Oversight on Investment Budget Projects for local Governments: "Applied Research in The Government of The Province of Dhi Qar local"
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The investment budget represents a stage of the investment decision in service units, and the preparation and implementation needs to be a complement of the same planning part, because the planning does not end with the development of the plan, but includes a follow-up implementation, so it has to be effective and efficient oversight of the estimates and procedures for disbursement of funds approved for investment projects, The problem with research in that local governments suffer from the presence of Allkaat and problems facing the implementation of the investment budget projects due to the adoption budget items which can not be measured the efficiency of the performance of these units of government by, and shortcomings in the control

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Publication Date
Tue Apr 05 2022
Journal Name
International Journal Of Criminology And Sociology
Semiotics in Political Discourse. An Analytical Treatment of Political Text Criticisms Since 2003: The Case of the Discourse of Prime Minister Nouri Al-Maliki
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This article discusses the function of semiotics in political discourse after the socio-political processes taking place in Iraq since 2003 and its role in the development of textual criticisms of some Iraqi politicians, analyzes the reasons for its functioning in the speech of politicians. The research is mainly focused on finding out to what extent political text studies draw on sign systems that can store and transmit information, the nature of its purpose and the use of available fields for the purpose to be achieved. The chief purpose of the study is to investigate and also clarify the symbols and signs appear within the framework of discursive Iraqi politicians, the nature of the symbols used, and the meanings that are include

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 29 2018
Journal Name
Iproceedings
Effect of Reminding Parents on Vaccination Dates Using Mobile Short Messages on the Routine Vaccination Coverage of Infants in Al Resafa-Baghdad, 2015-2016
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