Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) ultrafiltration membranes were efficiently fabricated using a (0.1–0.5 wt.%) Ag 2 O@CuO heterojunction photocatalyst to form a PVC/Ag 2 O@CuO photocatalytic membrane (PM) stimulated by UV light. The PVC/Ag 2 O@CuO PM fabricated using the phase inversion process resulted in significant improvement in internal morphology, porosity, pure water flux, and separation efficacy of the doped membranes. The efficacy of the PVC/Ag 2 O@CuO PMs was evaluated in the elimination of Rhodamine B (RhB) dye. The highest photodegradation of RhB (96.9%) was obtained using the PM2 membrane that contains 0.3 wt.% Ag 2 O@CuO photocatalyst at an influent pH of 6.5, a feed RhB concentration of 5 mg/L, a RhB solution volume of 2000 mL, an influent flow rate of 1 L/min under UV light irradiation for 90 min. PM2 membrane demonstrated antifouling features in terms of flux recovery ratio, reversible fouling, irreversible fouling, and total fouling, and 90% of RhB was removed after five cycles of use. The kinetic results indicated that the photocatalytic oxidation of RhB dye by the PM2 membrane followed the pseudo‐first‐order kinetic model, with an apparent rate constant of 0.0289 min −1 . Studying the Langmuir–Hinshelwood model resulted in an intrinsic photocatalytic reaction rate constant of 0.7666 mg/L.min and an equilibrium adsorption constant of 0.045 L/mg.
The loose sand is subject to large settlement when it is exposed to high stresses. This settlement is due to the nature of the high drainage of sand, which displays foundations and constructions to a large danger. The densification of loose sandy soils is required to provide sufficient bearing capacity for the structures. Thus soil stabilization is used to avoid failure in the facilities. Traditional methods of stabilized sandy soil such as fly ash, bituminous, and cement often require an extended curing period. The use of polymers to stabilize sandy soils is more extensive nowadays because it does not require a long curing time in addition to being chemically stable. In this study, the effect of adding different percent
... Show MoreA field experiment was conducted at Abu-Ghrib during 2013- 2014 season to study the effect of harrowing systems on the decomposition and fermentation on organic matter(OM) when added and mixed with the soil under special technology, as well as its effect on the growth parameters and productivity of (Zea mays L. 5018). The experiment was laid out using factorial randomized complete block design (RCBD) in split-split design with three replications in SCL bare soil with a percent of moisture ranged from 16 – 18 %. The main plots were designated to the two systems of harrowing (Rotary Harrowand Disc Harrow ). The sub main plots were specified for two organic matters ( Sheep manure ,cow manure ) . Data were statistically analyzed, and
... Show MoreElectrospun nanofiber membranes are employed in a variety of applications due to its unique features. the nanofibers' characterizations are effected by the polymer solution. The used solvent for dissolving the polymer powder is critical in preparing the precursor solution. In this paper, the Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based nanofibers were prepared in a concentration of 10 wt.% using various solvents (NMP, DMF, and DMSO). The surface morphology, porosity, and the mechanical strength of the three prepared 10 wt.% PAN-based nanofibers membranes (PAN/NMP, PAN/DMF, and PAN/DMSO) were characterized using the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Dry-wet Weights method, and Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer (DMA). Using DMF as a solvent resulted in a lon
... Show MoreThe x-ray fluorescence (XRF) of Znpc molecule with (flow of Ar) and Znpc molecule with (grow in N2) showed two peaks at (8.5and 9.5 Kv) referring to orbital transition ) K?-shell & K?-shell) respectively. The study of x-ray diffraction (XRD) where it was observed good growth of the crystal structure as a needle by the sublimation technique with a ?-phase of (monoclinic structure ) . Using Bragg equation the value of the interdistance of the crystalline plane (d-value) were calculated. We noticed good similarity with like once in the American Standards for Testing Material (ASTM) .Powder Diffraction File (PDF) Program was used to ensure the information obtained from (ASTM) . The output of (PDF) was compared with celn program, where the val
... Show MoreConcrete is the main construction material of many structures. Exposing to loads creates cracks in concrete, which reduce the performance and durability. The decrease of concrete cracks becomes a necessity demand to ensure more durability and structural integrity of the concrete structure. Autogenous healing concrete is a kind of new smart concretes, which has the ability to reclose its cracks by means of itself. Concrete self-healing is a type of free repairs processes, which is reduce direct and indirect cost of maintenance and repairing. This work targets to inspect the mechanical properties of concrete after using two combinations of two materials (20 kg/m3 calcium hydroxide Ca(OH