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Evaluation of types and concentration of bile salts impact on physical properties of nisoldipine-loaded bilosomes
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Background: Bilosomes are lipid vesicles that exhibit flexibility and deformability. They consist of phospholipids and amphiphilic bile salts. Compared to the normal vesicular systems such as liposomes and niosomes, bilosomes provide several notable advantages, including simplified manufacturing, cost-effectiveness, and enhanced stability.

Aim: The main objective of the present work was to evaluate the effect of different bile salts on the physical properties that include entrapment efficiency, vesicle size, and polydispersity index(PDI). In addition, in vitro drug release for nisoldipine (NSD) loaded bilosomes was evaluated.

Methods: Nisoldipine-loaded bilosomes were made using a thin film hydration technique. Cholesterol along with surfactant (span 60) was employed, and the formulation also contained several different bile salts, including sodium deoxycholate (SDC), sodium glycocholate (SGC), and sodium taurocholate (STC).

Results: The developed NSD bilosomes exhibited an entrapment efficiency ranging from 44.2 ± 0.3 to 82.36 ± 0.80% and a vesicle size diameter in the nanometric dimensions (166 ± 1.83 to 237.8 ± 3.3 nm). An in-vitro release study revealed that formulas prepared with SDC bile salts showed higher drug release than SGC and STC formulas.

Increasing the bile salt amount from 5 mg to 10 mg increases entrapment efficiency with increasing vesicle size. Further increase in bile salt led to decreased entrapment efficiency with increased vesicle size. SDC gives the best result in terms of entrapment efficiency and acceptable size. STC provides the largest particle size due to its high molecular weight compared to SGC and SDC.

Conclusion: The SDC bile salt component is better suited for manufacturing NSD bilosomes. This is because this component yields the best results regarding high entrapment efficiency, nano size, and prolonged drug release.

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Publication Date
Sun Oct 12 2014
Journal Name
Advanced Studies In English, Pune
Cohesive Devices in Hemingway's 'For Whom The Bell Tolls' and its Translation into Arabic
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BN Rashid, AJES, 2014

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Publication Date
Sun Jul 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Network And Computer Applications
L-CAQ: Joint link-oriented channel-availability and channel-quality based channel selection for mobile cognitive radio networks
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Publication Date
Sat Sep 01 2018
Journal Name
J Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Serum Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha and High Sensitive C-Reactiveprotein as Biomarkersin Periodontitis in Iraqi Patients with Osteoarthritis
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Publication Date
Tue Aug 22 2023
Journal Name
Microbial Science Archives
Unveiling Westiellopsis akinetica: a novel species in the Iraqi habitat, and contrasting its distinctive attributes with Westiellopsis prolifica
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This is the first record of a new species of cyanobacteria Westiellopsis akinetica in the Iraqi environment, Samples were collected on June 2013 and the existence of it was not documented before. We isolated and purified this species ten years ago in Iraq, but we couldn't identify accurately based on all taxonomic handbooks. This is due to the species features being different from the other documented species in the available taxonomic lectures. It resembled many species by morphological characteristics such as Fischerella muscicola, Fischerella thermalis, Westiellopsis biateralis SA16. Westiellopsis interrupta, Westiellopsis persica SA33, Westiellopsis prolifica and Symphyonema bifilamentata. Describing a new species of the Westiellops

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Publication Date
Thu Sep 13 2018
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Studying Biomimetic Coated Niobium as an Alternative Dental Implant Material to Titanium (in vitro and in vivo study)
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Commercially pure titanium (cpTi) is widely used as dental implant material although it was found that titanium exhibited high modulus of elasticity and the lower corrosion tendency in oral environment. Niobium(Nb) was chosen for this study as an alternative to cpTi implant material due to its bioinert behavior and good elastic modulus and moderate cost in addition to corrosion resistance. This study was done to evaluate the effect of biomimetic coating on the surface properties of the commercially pure titanium and niobium implants by in vitro and in vivo experiments. The in vitro study was involved etching the samples of each material in HCl then soaking in 10M NaOH aqueous solution. These samples were then immersed in a 5 times concent

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Analytical Chemistry
Ion Pair-dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction Combined with Spectrophotometry for Carbamazepine Determination in Pharmaceutical Formulations and Biological Samples
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A simple, economical and selective method employing ion pair dispersive liquid−liquid microextraction (DLLME) coupled with spectrophotometric determination of carbamazepine (CBZ) in pharmaceutical preparations and biological samples was developed. The method is based on reduction of Mo(VI) to Mo(V) using a combination of ammonium thiocyanate and ascorbic acid in acidic medium to form a red binary Mo(V) thiocyanate complex. After addition of CBZ to the complex, extraction of the formed CBZ−Mo(V)−(SCN)6 was performed using a mixture of methylene chloride and methanol. Then, the measurement of target complex was performed at the wavelength of 470 nm. The important extraction parameters affecting the efficiency of DLLME were studied and o

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Publication Date
Fri Jul 01 2016
Journal Name
Arabian Journal Of Geosciences
Polymetallic sulfide ores hosted in Late Permian carbonate at the Alanish locality, northern Iraq: petrography and mineral chemistry
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Publication Date
Wed Oct 01 2025
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Information Pollution in Iraqi Journalism…Study in Causes and Sources - A research drawn from a Master Degree thesis
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Information pollution is regarded as a big problem facing journalists working in the editing section, whereby journalistic materials face such pollution through their way across the editing pyramid. This research is an attempt to define the concept of journalistic information pollution, and what are the causes and sources of this pollution. The research applied the descriptive research method to achieve its objectives. A questionnaire was used to collect data. The findings indicate that journalists are aware of the existence of information pollution in journalism, and this pollution has its causes and resources.

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Publication Date
Tue May 01 2012
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Using remote sensing techniques to monitoring and evaluate the water cover in AL_Razzaza lake: Iraq at deferent periods
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Multi-spectral satellite images of the Landsat satellite by the tow sensitive Thematic Mapper (TM) and Thematic Mapper Enhancement (ETM+), which covered the study area located south east of Iraq. In this research; used the sixth thermal spectral band (Thermal Band) for study the water cover in the Al-Razzaza Lake located within the province of Karbala. We intended to study the cover a case of the study area, used satellite images showing the status of region during the period from 1990 to 2001 and 2007. From this study we conclude that cover the water of the study area change in sequence case to decrease during these years.

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Publication Date
Wed Oct 01 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Dental caries and treatment needs among 12 year-old school children in Heet city/Al-Anbar governorate/Iraq
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Background: Dental caries is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases of people worldwide that lead to the pain and disability across all age groups and still consider as a major cause of tooth loss. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and severity of dental caries and treatment needs among school children in Heet city. Materiales and methods: The sample included all school children at age of (12 years old) males and females from urban areas in Heet city. Diagnosis and recording of dental caries and treatment needs were done according to the criteria of WHO. Results: The prevalence of dental caries was (90.2%). The DMFS/dmfs values were (5.85±0.168, 1.57±0.146) respectively for the total sample. Females were foun

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