Background: The use of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) during pregnancy warrants several side effects and also deleterious effects on fetal development, the antiepileptic drugs have potential to affect the fetal development throughout the pregnancy although, the majority of infants born to epileptic pregnant women are normal but more expose to the malformations. Aim: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of carbamazepine drug on the kidney development at day 7 postnatally in the Albino Rat (Rattus rattus) as a mammalian model. Material & Methods: 20 healthy pregnant female rats were divided into two groups, 10 pregnant rats in each group; group one served as control group administrated distal water while group two used as experimental group which administrated carbamazepine drug at dose 20mg/kg/rat daily from first day of pregnancy till 7 th day after birth in both groups. On 7 th day after birth, the newborns and kidneys were removed; the weight is measured and then fixed, dehydrated in ascending grades of alcohol, cleared in xylene and infiltrated with filtered paraffin. The paraffin blocks were made and 5μm thin sections were obtained using a rotary microtome. The sections were stained with H&E stain, PAS examined under light microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results: Under the light microscope, the kidney in Group II show the glomerular atrophy with enlargement of Bowman’s space, hemorrhage, congestion, degeneration and hypertrophy of simple squamous epithelial lining cells of partial layer of Bowman's capsule, glomerular cells accumulation, detachment of tubular epithelial lining cells from basement membrane and tubular degeneration represented by (cell swelling, loss nucleus and cell death); a statistically significant differences have been shown in the diameter of renal corpuscle, glomerular tuft and Bowman’s space, and also in the renal tubules proximal and distal convoluted tubules (p<0.001). The results of scanning electron microscope found that the visceral layer of renal corpuscle contain specialized cells called podocyte cells and the diameter of these cells is statistically significant in treated group in comparison to control group (p<0.001), while There is no significant differences found in the weight of kidneys and newborns. Conclusion: The results of the present study indicated that carbamazepine drug administration to the dams produced teratogenic effects on the developing of kidney in rat.
The presence of residual antibiotics in water results in the development of antibiotics resistant genes. The available wastewater treatment systems are not capable of removing such antibiotics from sewage. Thus, antibiotics need to be removed before the discharge of wastewater. Adsorption is among the promising techniques for the wastewater treatment to aid the removal of a wide range of organic and inorganic pollutants. The present work is a contribution to the search for an economical method for the removal of low concentrations of amoxicillin (AMX) from water by adsorption on water treatment residue, WTR, taken from a local drinking water facility. The chemical composition and the adsorptive characteristics of the material were first
... Show MoreThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the hydraulic performance and efficiency of using direction diverting blocks, DDBs, fixed on the surface on an Ogee spillway in reducing the acceleration and dissipating the energy of the incoming supercritical flow. Fifteen types of DDB models were made from wood with a triangulate shape and different sizes were used. Investigation tests on pressure distribution at the DDBs boundaries were curried out to insure there is no negative pressures is developed that cause cavitation. In these tests, thirty six test runs were accomplished by using six types of blocks with the same size but differ in apex angle. Results of these test showed no negative pressures developed at the boundarie
... Show MoreHamiltonians, momentum operators, and other quantum-mechanical perceptible take the form of self-adjoint operators when understood in quantized physical schemes. Unbounded and self-adjoint recognition are required in the situation of positive measurements. The selection of the proper Hilbert space(s) and the selection of the self-adjoint extension must be made in order for this to operate. In this effort, we define a new extension positive measure depending on the measurable field of nonzero positive self-adjoint operator in unbounded Hilbert space of analytic functions of complex variables. Consequently, we define an extension norm in the same space. We show several new properties of the suggested operator and its adjoin operator. These pr
... Show MoreThe simple and available technique of colorimetry and indirect X-ray fluorescence determination of tetracycline hydrochloride (in the form of colored complex with iron(III) ions) and cyanocobalamine (in the form of the colored thiocyanate complex with cobalt(II) ions) is offered. The analytes were separated from the accompanying components by sorption to polyurethane foam based on ethers. The conditions of sorption separation and measurement of analytical signal of these substances are optimized. The obtained results of tetracycline drugs and injection solution B12 vitamin are in satisfactory agreement with data declared by the manufacturer.
In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using a cold plasma technique and a plasma jet. They were then used to explore how photothermal treatment may be used to treat lung cancer (A549) and normal cells (REF) <i>in vitro</i>. The anti-proliferative activity of these nanoparticles was studied after A549 cells were treated with (AgNPs) at various concentrations (100%, 50%, or 25%) and exposure times (6 or 8 min) of laser after 1 h or 24 h from exposed AgNPs. The highest growth inhibition for cancer cells is (75%) at (AgNPs) concentration (100%) and the period of exposure to the laser is (8 min). Particle size for the prepared samples varied according to the diameter o
... Show MorePremature degradation is the problem of maxillofacial silicones, significantly affected by ultraviolet exposure, contributing to silicones photodegradation. Degradation necessitates frequent replacement of prostheses that increase the total cost of rehabilitation.
This study evaluated the effect of bisoctrizole on the ultraviolet absorption properties of silicone material and the stability of this absorption over time. Also, the bisoctrizole effect on the surface roughness of silicone was evaluated.
Equilibrium adsorption isotherm for the removal of trifluralin from aqueous solutions using ? –alumina clay has been studied. The result shows that the isotherms were S3 according Giels classification. The effects of various experimental parameters such as contact time, adsorbent dosage, effect of pH and temperature of trifluralin on the adsorption capacities have been investigated. The adsorption isotherms were obtained by obeying freundlich adsorption isotherm with (R2 = 0.91249-0.8149). The thermodynamic parameters have been calculated by using the adsorption process at five different temperature, the values of ?H, ?G and ?S were (_1.0625) kj. mol-1, (7.628 - 7.831) kj.mol-1 and (_2.7966 - _2.9162) kg.
... Show MoreThe Corrosion protection effectiveness of Alimina(Al2O3,50nm)and Zinc oxide (ZnO,30nm) nanoparticales were studied on carbon steel and 316 stainless steel alloys in saline water (3.5%NaCl)at four temperatures: (20,30,40,50 OC)using three electrodes potentiostat. An average corrosion protection efficiencies of 65 %and 80% was achieved using Al2O3 NP's on carbon steel and stainless steel samples respectively, and it seems that no effect of rising temperature on the performances of the coated layers. While ZnO NP'S showed protection efficiency around 65% for the two alloys and little effected by temperature rising on the performanes of the coated layers. The morphology of the coated spesiemses was examined by Atomic force microscope.