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The Response of a Highly Skewed Steel I-Girder Bridge with Different Cross-Frame Connections
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Braces in straight bridge systems improve the lateral-torsional buckling resistance of the girders by reducing the unbraced length, while in horizontally curved and skew bridges, the braces are primary structural elements for controlling deformations by engaging adjacent girders to act as a system to resist the potentially large forces and torques caused by the curved or skewed geometry of the bridge. The cross-frames are usually designed as torsional braces, which increase the overall strength and stiffness of the individual girders by creating a girder system that translates and rotates as a unit along the bracing lines. However, when they transmit the truck’s live load forces, they can produce fatigue cracks at their connections to the girders. This paper investigates the effect of using different details of cross-frames to girder connections and their impacts on girder stresses and twists. Field testing data of skewed steel girders bridge under various load passes of a weighed load vehicle incorporated with a validated 3D full-scale finite element model are presented in this study. Two types of connections are investigated, bent plate and pipe stiffener. The two connection responses are then compared to determine their impact on controlling the twist of girder cross-sections adjacent to cross-frames and also to mitigate the stresses induced due to live loads. The results show that the use of a pipe stiffener can reduce the twist of the girder’s cross-section adjacent to the cross-frames up to 22% in some locations. In terms of stress ranges, the pipe stiffener tends to reduce the stress range by 6% and 4% for the cross-frames located in the abutment and pier skew support regions respectively.

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Publication Date
Mon Oct 01 2012
Journal Name
2012 Ieee International Conference On Circuits And Systems (iccas)
A survey of on-chip monitors
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Systems on Chips (SoCs) architecture complexity is result of integrating a large numbers of cores in a single chip. The approaches should address the systems particular challenges such as reliability, performance, and power constraints. Monitoring became a necessary part for testing, debugging and performance evaluations of SoCs at run time, as On-chip monitoring is employed to provide environmental information, such as temperature, voltage, and error data. Real-time system validation is done by exploiting the monitoring to determine the proper operation of a system within the designed parameters. The paper explains the common monitoring operations in SoCs, showing the functionality of thermal, voltage and soft error monitors. The different

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Publication Date
Wed Aug 29 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Exergy Analysis of a Domestic Refrigerator
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An energy and exergy thermodynamic analysis using EES program was done for a domestic refrigerator working with R-134a using vapor compression refrigeration cycle. The analysis deals with the system component, i.e. compressor, condenser, evaporator and the expansion device. The analysis depends on the entropy generation minimization approach to improve the refrigerator performance by exploring the optimum design points. These design points were derived from three different theories governing the entropy generation minimization using exergy analyzing method. These theories were first applied to find the optimum balance between the hot inner condenser area and the cold inner evaporator area of the refrigerator and between

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Publication Date
Sun Aug 01 2021
Journal Name
Materials Today: Proceedings
A review of automatic history matching
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Publication Date
Mon Oct 30 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Discrete Mathematical Sciences & Cryptography
Associate graph of a commutative ring
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In this study, a brand-new graph definition known Associate graph of a ring R denote Ass(R) is present, where the graph’s vertices stand in for R’s elements s.t, any two vertices α and β  merage by an edge if and only if α = rβ and β = sα. In this paper, we investigated some new property of Ass (R)  are studied., the complement of Ass (R) is finally defined and a few of its characteristics are researched.

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 30 2025
Journal Name
مجلة القادسية للقانون والعلوم السياسية
Insurance of Unlawful Risks: Towards a Reinterpretation of Public Policy in Light of the Protection of Innocent Victims and Freedom of Contract
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The issue of insurance against unlawful risks raises a jurisprudential and judicial debate between two opposing trends: the first considers coverage of these risks invalid due to their impact on public order or morals, while the second—which this research analyses—calls for the possibility of covering these risks in specific circumstances, based on contractual considerations in accordance with the principle that the contract is the law of the contracting parties, and based on the obligation to compensate the harmed third party—the victim—who has no connection to the unlawful act. In this context, our research highlights that contractual considerations can justify coverage of some unlawful risks, provided that the goal is to achieve

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
A comparative study of the pivotal characters in the novel "Al-Shahz" and the script "Hamoon": بررسی تطبیقی شخصیت¬های محوری در رمان «الشحّاذ» و فیلم‌نامۀ «هامون»
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The novel is the revelation of the attitudes of every age. And the writers do not know the winner of their stroke to express these events، The research has been working on a descriptive-analytical approach based on the American Comparative School، Al-Shahez's novel explores the work of the nobly and the film by Hamoun by Dariush Mehrjui By relying on the main characters of these two narratives, they depict a picture of Egypt and Iran From the symbolic lines of these works. In fact, the authors of this research have tried to initiate the introduction and analysis of these two works In fact, the authors of this research have tried to initiate the introduction and analysis of these two works.

 The results of the research show that

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Publication Date
Mon Sep 07 2020
Journal Name
Environmental Science And Pollution Research
The biosorption of reactive red dye onto orange peel waste: a study on the isotherm and kinetic processes and sensitivity analysis using the artificial neural network approach
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Publication Date
Wed Mar 29 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
A Cognitive Linguistic Study of Visual Language as a Reflection of Culture: Violence Against Women in Iraq
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The present work is qualitative descriptive. It aims to examine the idiosyncratic schema when deciphering the selected violence-based panel from Nasser Ibrahim’s caricatures. The researchers accordingly adopted part of Sharifian’s (2011) Cultural Schema model, particularly that part that is concerned with the examining the micro/idiosyncratic level of understanding. The study has revealed that the participants have not only differed among themselves regarding the way a figure is being denotatively conceptualized, they also highlighted different exact conceptualizations for the same figure, such as: using various adjectives that reflect various levels of intensity, emphasizing the behavioral aspect or the appearance of the figure, ado

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Publication Date
Sun Oct 29 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
A Survey of Diabetes Mellitus in a Sample of Children below 15 Years Attending Child Welfare Hospital
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Objectives: Determine the age and gender distribution of children who experience diabetes mellitus (DM) under
the age of 15 years and the presence of some associated factors that might be a predisposing factor for the
disease including obesity.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted at diabetic clinic in Children Welfare Teaching Hospital
in Baghdad City during 2006. The study sample included diabetic children less than 15 years of age. Data were
taken from the patients' record and by direct interview with the patients' parents. Information included
demographic data, as well as past history of the patient and his/her family relative to diabetes and other immune
diseases.
Results: Data analysis showed t

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2010
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
IMMUNONOLOGICAL EVALUATION AND ACUTE TOXICITY STUDY WITH FERTILITY EXAMINATION FOR THE EFFECT OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT FROM DRIED FRUITS OF Piper nigrum L. IN MICE
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The research work was conducted to investigate the effect of oral administration of water extract of black pepper at doses of (1, 5) mg/kg body weight for two weeks daily by determining the genotoxic effect (mitotic index), evaluation of immunological effect (IgG, IgM, IgA, C3, C4) and measuring fertility hormones (follicles stimulation hormone/FSH, lutenising hormone/LH) levels with histopathological examinations of female albino swiss mice ovaries in comparison with control (normal saline). A clear effect in increasing mitotic activity was reveled for both doses in comparison with control. Results also showed a significant increase in the value of the all immunological parameters at both doses in comparison with control. Also obvious rais

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