Background: to evaluate the effect of different dentifrices on the surface roughness of two composite resins (nanofilled-based and nanoceramic – based composite resins). Materials and methods: Forty specimens (diameter 12 mm and height of 2mm) prepared from different composite resin materials: Z350 (nanofilled composite, and Ceram-X (nanoceramic) .they were subjected to brushing simulation equivalent to the period of 1 year. The groups assessed were a control group brushed with distilled water (G1), Opalescence whitening toothpasteR (G2), Colgate sensitive pro-relief (G3) and Biomed Charcoal Toothpaste (G4). The initial and final roughness of each group was tested by surface roughness tester. The results were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Tueky test at 0.05 significance level. Results: the surface roughness of the two tested composites brushed with the tested dentifrices was statistically higher than the roughness found in control group. Comparison among the three types of dentifrices showed that there was a statistically high significant difference in the surface roughness among all subgroups. Charcoal Toothpaste showed the highest surface roughness increase. Conclusion: Whitening dentifrices increase the surface roughness of dental composite thereby compromising its durability. Changes in composite depended on the material itself and the dentifrices used.
The research addressed the ecological impact of the industrial product as one of the basic aesthetic elements in urban design. The research discussed the nature of the overall ecosystems of the industrial product in urban spaces, and the type of impact they have on each other. The discussion of impacts started from the identification of cognitive and non-cognitive viewpoints in the vision of ecological aesthetics, passing through the inputs of cognitive systems that see that the ecosystem made of the urban space with the existence of the industrial product as one of its constituents, are in fact systems based on functional symmetry between urban space design and the design of the industrial prod
... Show MoreBackground: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is the sixth most common cancer world wide. Despite greater emphasis on multi-modality therapy including surgery, radiation and chemotherapy, advanced stage head and neck squamous cell carcinoma continues to have poor 5-year survival rates (0-40%) that have not significantly improved in the last (30) years. To improve outcomes for this deadly disease , It is required a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying head and neck squamous cell carcinoma tumor growth, metastasis, and treatment resistance. This study evaluates the Immunohistochemical expression of E-cadherin and CD44 adhesion molecules in OSCC and to correlate the expression of either marker with each other, with lymph node
... Show MoreThere are risks and benefits with all medicines and estrogen replacement is no exception. In fact, estrogen replacement is one of the most controversial topics in Endocrinology. Anastatica hierochuntica L. is a popular treatment for the management of female reproductive disorders. The present research highlights the effect of aqueous extract of plant against conjugated estrogen(Premarin) in rabbits. Femal oryciolagus cuniculus rabbits were divided into four groups: the 1 st group, rabbits were orally administered (using a feeding solution )with daily dose(5 mL distilled water)for two months, the 2nd group, the rabbits were treated with conjugated estrogen (50 µg/kg b.w, body weight )for one month. The 3rd group, the rabbits were treated wi
... Show MoreThe purpose of this research is to synthesize a new mixed ligand Schiff base complexes of Co(II),Ni(II),Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II), and Hg(II),which are formulated from the Schiff base (L) that resulted from orthophathalaldehyde (2-PA) with 4-chloroaniline(4-NA). Diagnosis of prepared Ligand and its complexes is done by spectral methods as 1H–NMR, mass spectrometer, FTIR, UV-Vis, molar conductance, elemental microanalyses, atomic absoption and magnetic susceptibility. The analytical studyofall new complexes has shown octahedral geometries. Organic performance study of ligand Schiff base and its complexes reveals different activities agansit four types of bactria; two gram (+) and two gram (-) .
The insect is diagnosed and named by the National Center of Biotechnology Information (NCBI), USA as the Mint leaf Beetle Chrysolina herbacea alnadawi (Duftschmid, 1825), (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). The diagnosis was performed depending on the DNA analysis by 73% similarity with Chrysolina herbacea (Duftschmid, 1825) sequence, In the present study. It is recorded as a new insect pest on mint plant Mentha puleguim (L,1753) (Lamiaceae). DNA analysis confirmend that it is recorded for the first time in Iraq and the Arab world as well as the Middle East. Those insects were observed initially during August 2017 in residential gardens of Al-Bonooq district in Baghdad / Iraq.
Housing finance is one of the main components of housing, and it is relied upon to help families buy, build, add building, and housing improve. Accordingly, different countries all over the world set policies and strategies for the purpose of organizing and developing the financial sector to solve quantitative and qualitative housing problems.
This research aims to identify housing finance policies and strategies in Iraq and Baghdad governorate.
The most prominent sources of housing financing are the Real Estate Bank and the Housing Fund, and accordingly the focus has been on the role of these two institutions in filling
... Show MoreFor the first time Iron tungstate semiconductor oxides films (FeWO4) was successfully synthesized simply by advanced controlled chemical spray pyrolysis technique, via employed double nozzle instead of single nozzle using tungstic acid and iron nitrate solutions at three different compositions and spray separately at same time on heated silicone (n-type) substrate at 600 °C, followed by annealing treatment for one hour at 500 °C. The crystal structure, microstructure and morphology properties of prepared films were studied by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), electron Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) respectively. According to characterization techniques, a material of well-crystallized monoclinic ph
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