Background: Laser is a novel physical therapy technique used to treat various conditions, including wound healing, inhibition of bacterial growth, and postoperative wounds. High-power pulsed alexandrite laser therapy is one of the most prevalent forms of laser therapy, which is a noninvasive method for treating various pathological conditions, thereby enhancing functional capacities and quality of life. It is a modern medical and physiotherapeutic technology. Generally, the Alexandrite laser emits infrared light with a wavelength of 755 nm, allowing it to propagate and penetrate tissues. Objective: This study focused on the application of a high-power pulsed alexandrite laser in vitro to evaluate the effect of a pulsed alexandrite laser on antibiotic-resistant bacteria utilizing varying exposure times, pulse durations, and laser fluencies to determine which dose is more effective on S. aureus bacteria. Method: The laser used in this study was the alexandrite laser which was considered a pulsed laser and had the following parameters: The wavelength was 755 nm, the beam diameter was (14 mm), the exposure times varied (30, 60, 90) seconds, the laser fluency (5, 10, 15 and 20 J.Cm-2). The study was carried out after the bacteria were diagnosed as being antibioticresistant. They were exposed to different doses of Alexandrite laser. Three samples of bacteria were exposed to laser beams for 30 seconds with a 5ms pulse duration and with a laser fluency of 5J/cm2, and this process was repeated with laser fluencies of 10, 15, and 20. This procedure was repeated using exposure times of 60sec and 90sec. As well as, this process was repeated by exposure with 30 sec, 60 sec and 90 sec exposure times, 10ms and 20ms pulse durations and with different laser fluencies 5, 10, 15 and 20J/cm2, separately. Results: A significant reduction (p = <0.0001) in the mean values of the colony was observed with the increase of laser fluency doses compared with control at the same pulse duration. A significant reduction (p = <0.0001) in the mean count of the colonies was observed in the comparison between two laser fluences at the same pulse duration. In conclusion, the exposure times, pulse durations and laser fluencies of pulsed alexandrite laser showed an effect on the mean count of the colonies of S aureus bacteria and determined the effective dose. Keywords: laser, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacteria growth
The current study aimed to measure the attitudes of female teachers towards the use of digital learning and the degree of possessing their digital education skills. The study sample consisted of (180) workers with disabilities (mental disability، auditory impairment، visual disability، hyperactivity and distraction. To achieve the goals of the study, the transformation measure was used towards digital education for people with disabilities. The study reached the following results: the availability of digital learning skills among workers with disabilities. The study concluded with a series of recommendations including holding Training courses to keep up with the challenges of educational trends and modern technology in this area.
Through this descriptive study of the image of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the independent Iraqi press, the researcher relies on surveys, content analysis, and observation tools. The research community selected was the Iraqi independent press, represented by the Al-Zaman, Al-Dustour, and Al-Mada newspapers. The researcher adopts the comprehensive inventory method for newspaper issues produced between October 2019 and January 2020.
The results of this study show that Iran's interference in Iraq's internal affairs was one of the most prominent components of the picture that independent Iraqi newspapers seek to paint about the Islamic Republic of Iran.
The study aims to verify the independence of auditors working in companies and offices of the Iraqi audit, and measure the level of accounting conservatism in the financial statements of banks and insurance companies listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange, as well as a statement after the independence of the auditor on accounting conservatism in the financial statements of banks and insurance companies listed on the market Iraq Stock Exchange, as it has been measuring the independence of the auditor using the survey form was auditors working in the Iraqi audit firms were measured the level of accounting conservatism for companies sample using a form( Basu) was a statement after variables through the use of statistical models in a mann
... Show MoreHydroxide upon the chemical composition and dry matter(DM) and organic matter(OM) digestibility . Rice straw was treated with 4% sodium hydroxide using 30% of DM basis moisture, and incubated at 40 ºC for 40 days., DM digestibility (DMD) was significantly affected (P<0.01) by the treatment , where DMD increased The objective of this experiment was to study the effect of physical form (long ,chopped and ground ) and washing rice straw treated with sodium from 42.32 to 45.41% , OM digestibility (OMD) and total digestible nutrient (TDN) increased(P<0.05) from 47.38 and 49.33 to 49.67 and 52.83% ,respectively. While hemicellulose content increased (P<0.05 ) from 261.71 to 268.17 gm/kg DM ,and metabolizable energy (ME) from 7.11 to 7.48 MJ/
... Show MoreThe current research aims to determine the extent of the impact of the strategic direction to the business process reengineering, in the Office of the Ministry of Oil To reach that goal was a sample of community research study consisted (50) members of the senior leadership represent the problem in organization researched in the ambiguity of the strategic direction of knowledge of the compatibility of the strategic direction with Business Process Reengineering and used questionnaire, interview and observation to obtain the information needed to search was addressing data by the statistical system spss percentage and the arithmetic mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation .
... Show MoreThis paper studied kinetics of flotation of emulsified paraffine in water in bubble column with sodium .dodecylsulphate as a collector agent. The effects of oil drops and air bubble diameters on the flotation rate constant were studied. The removal rate for each oil drop size was first order with respect to oil drop concentration. An experimental procedure permitting determination of the first order rate constants for removal due to bubble/drop interaction was developed, decreasing bubble diameter by adding NaCl and increasing oil drop diameter increased the rate constants. A comparison between the experimental and theoretical rate constants showed
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