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Assessment of Serum Levels of the WNT Pathway Antagonist (Dickkopf-1) in a Sample of Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Retinopathy using Two Groups of Antidiabetics
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Objectives: Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1) is WNT/b-catenin pathway antagonist which plays a detrimental role in the development of diabetic retinopathy (DR). This research aimed to assess serum DKK-1 levels in diabetic patients who have and have not developed DR and, compare them with the control subjects finding out whether we can use it as an indicator for DR early diagnosis and to find out which one of the widely used two groups of antidiabetic treatments had the greater effect on this biomarker and hence on the progression of DR. Methods: The study participants were divided into two subgroups: First, 70 patients (36 male, 34 female) with type 2 diabetes mellitus, among them 35 patients diagnosed with DR and 35 with no evidence of DR, and secondly, non-diabetic controls (11 male, 9 female) were selected from the patients attending Ibn AL-Haitham hospital for ophthalmology and a specialized center for endocrinology and diabetes. Venous blood samples of all participants were drawn after an overnight fast, and serum samples were stored at -20ºC until DKK-1 assay. Results: Serum DKK-1 showed significantly lower levels in diabetic patients with (6.1 ± 2 ng/mL) or without DR (14 ± 6.2 ng/mL) when compared to those of controls (34 ± 12.25 ng/mL) (p 0.05). Furthermore, serum DKK-1 levels were lower in the late stage of DR compared to the early stage 5.6 ± 1.7 and 7 ± 1.9 ng/mL, respectively. Furthermore, DPP-4 inhibitors cause a better increment in DKK-1 levels when compared to SU in the NDR group. Conclusions: Reduced serum levels of DKK-1 are related to the existence and worsening of DR and have the prospect to serve as an indicator for this condition.

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 11 2023
Journal Name
Healthcare
Short-Term (4 Day) Effects of Oral Rinsing with Miswak and Green Tea on Gingival Crevicular Fluid Flow and IL-1β Levels: A Pilot Study
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Despite the antiplaque effect of mouth-rinsing with a combination composed of miswak (Salvadora persica L.) and green tea (Camellia sinensis var. assamica) extracts, no data are available regarding its effect on gingival tissue at the molecular level. This pilot study aimed to assess the effect of oral rinsing with this combination on gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) flow and IL-1β levels. Ten subjects rinsed with either the combination, 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) or distilled water without toothbrushing for 4 days after receiving baseline polishing. GCF IL-1β concentration, influx, resting volume and plaque quantity were measured at baseline and after 4 days for each intervention. No significant differences in GCF flow or

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 23 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Internal banking supervision requirements and their impact on the development of electronic accounting information systems: Applied research in a sample of Iraqi private banks
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      Despite the availability of information technology banking features and benefits of the banking sector, they involve many risks and challenges and put in the face of the administrative authorities and regulatory institutions in the banking system, organizational matters and control sensitive and bear direct responsibility for conducting independent assessments of their regulatory and information and determine the degree of its durability and its ability to confront problems imposed by the technical challenges and technological .
And the success of the administrative authorities and regulatory institutions in achieving its objectives in the management of risks and threats oversight resulting from the act

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 15 2021
Journal Name
Al-academy
Aesthetic Levels in Shape Variables in Spectacular Films the Indian Film (Main Tera Hero) a Model: غسان محسن حمد
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The spectacular film is a type of feature films which has specific elements that contribute in increasing the aesthetics of the shape in its structure. The researcher started studying this type of films by researching the spectacular film concept, the history of its development, who are its most important stars and then tackling the Indian cinema represented by Bollywood, which is considered a school for this type of film. The researcher addressed the most important influential elements that entre in its production as well as studying these elements that contribute to building the shape including the configuration, movements of cameras, lenses, the lighting, colors, costumes etc. and what influence they have in forming a special aestheti

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2018
Journal Name
Asian Journal Of Chemistry
Levels and Distribution of Trace Metals in Surface Soils of Al-Diwaniya, Iraq
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In this work, monitoring of monthly variation (from May 2016 to October 2016) in the concentration of the metals (Co, Zn, Cd, Pb, Ni and Fe) from Al-Diwaniya city of Iraq. Investigation about the pollution with these metals was achieved from five selected sites locate in study area by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. The results showed a wide variation in the levels of heavy metals from site to site and from month to month. A total of 180 surface soil samples were analyzed to detecting the pollution with selected samples. The resultsshowed that the highest concentration with Ni was 6.290 mg kg-1 while the lowest concentration detected with Ni was 0.080 mg kg-1. The results of pollution index (enrichment factor, contamination factor, po

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 14 2016
Journal Name
Transactions Of The Asabe
Using Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy to Discriminate among Water Contamination Levels in Diesel Engine Oil
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Publication Date
Wed Aug 03 2016
Journal Name
Technology Reports Of Kansai University
Some statistical results for solution type of the Inequalities system
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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2019
Journal Name
Plant Archives
Effect of different concentrations of bovine serum albumin on some of the frozen sperm characteristics of the rams
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This study was conducted in the Faculty of Agricultural Engineering Sciences - University of Baghdad in the field of sheep and goats in the Department of Animal Production. Effect of different concentrations of bovine albumin on some semen characteristics of frozen rams. Used in this experiment, 3 rams and their ages ranging from 2.5-3 years. The sample of the semen was diluted with Tris dilution with the addition of 10 ml of egg yolk per 100 ml, the sample by 1:1 with the tris and then the collection of sperm samples (Pooling) after the semen was divided into four treatments Control and bovine albumin at concentrations of 5, 7.5 and 10% and then complete dilution 10: 1, at 5C, dilution 20: 1, containing 5% glycerol per 100 ml. The results

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Scopus
Publication Date
Thu Mar 30 2023
Journal Name
F1000research
In-depth assessment of Iraqi physicians' adherence to treatment guidelines for different diseases: a qualitative study
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Background: In healthcare settings, specialists from different fields may follow the most well-known, reliable, and easy-to-understand medical guidelines. This study aimed to determine Iraqi physicians' adherence to treatment guidelines, to specify which treatment guidelines are utilized for each disease and identify their barriers to follow the guidelines.

Methods: This was qualitative study including face-to-face and virtual semi-structured interviews with specialist physicians from different disciplines. The interviews were conducted between December 2021 and May 2022 in Kirkuk province, Iraq. The qualitative data generated through i

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 15 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Assessment of alveolar bone height in adolescents utilizing Cone Beam Computed Tomography: a retrospective radiographic analysis
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Background: To assess the alveolar bone crest level (ABCL) by Cone Beam Computed To-mography (CBCT) and to investigate several variables as predictors for the height of the alveolar bone in adolescents. Materials and methods: Age, sex, and ethnic groups were rec-orded for each patient. CBCT images were used to obtain measurements of the interproximal alveolar bone level from the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) to the alveolar crest. The highest measurement in each sextant was recorded along with any presence of a vertical bone defect or calculus. Results: Total of 720 measurements were recorded for 120 subjects. No vertical bony defects or calculus were observed radiographically. Statistically significant (P< 0.05) differences were observed be

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Publication Date
Fri Oct 17 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
A Micro Computed Tomography Assessment of New Carrier-Based Root Canal Fillings
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Background: The main aim of the present study is to qualify and quantify voids formation of root canals obturated with GuttaCore (GC) and experimental Hydroxyapatite polyethylene (HA/PE) as new carrier-based root canal fillings by using micro computed tomography scan. Materials and methods: In the present study, eight straight single-rooted human permanent premolar teeth are selected and disinfected, then stored in distilled water. The teeth decoronated leaving a root length of 12mm each. The root canals instrumented by using crown down technique and the apical diameter of the root canal prepared to a size # 30/0.04 for achieving standardized measurements. A 5mL of 17% EDTA used to remove the smear layer followed by 5mL of 2.5% NaOCl and r

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