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From knowledge to practice: Antibiotic prescribing behaviors and antimicrobial stewardship awareness among Iraqi dental students
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Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global health concern, with inappropriate antibiotic use in dentistry significantly contributing to this problem. While regional studies have examined dental students' antibiotic-related knowledge and practices, comprehensive evidence from Iraq remains limited. Objective The objective of this study is to evaluate the level of knowledge and awareness of antimicrobial stewardship principles and prescribing practices among Iraqi dental students and interns. Methods A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted among dental students in the clinical phase of education (fourth and fifth years) and dental interns from multiple Iraqi universities. The survey was distributed from October 2023 to June 2025 to assess the knowledge of antibiotics, awareness of prudent antibiotic use, and self-reported prescribing practices. Correlation analyses were performed to examine associations between knowledge, awareness, and practice domains. Results The participants (n = 569) demonstrated strong theoretical knowledge of antibiotics and a high awareness of prudent antibiotic use. However, a consistent gap between knowledge and clinical practice was identified. Knowledge and awareness domains were positively correlated, while both were inversely associated with practice scores, thus indicating a more cautious prescribing behavior among students with higher knowledge levels. A limited access to prescribing guidelines, insufficient practical training, and variability in institutional support were identified as key factors that influence the prescribing behavior. Differences between universities highlighted the significant role of educational environment and curriculum structure (p < 0.05). Conclusion Although Iraqi dental students possess adequate knowledge and awareness regarding antibiotic use and AMR, translating this understanding into consistent clinical practice remains challenging. Higher knowledge levels were associated with restrained prescribing, thus reflecting responsible antimicrobial stewardship rather than poor practice. These findings underscore the need to integrate structured antimicrobial stewardship training, standardized prescribing guidelines, and practical decision-making support into dental education. Strengthening these components is essential to bridge the knowledge–practice gap and prepare future dental practitioners to contribute effectively to combating AMR through responsible, evidence-based prescribing.

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Publication Date
Fri Jul 21 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
The designed housing projects as an alternative for the informal building and their impact in addressing the heterogeneity of the urban escape in the built residential areas
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The phenomenon of informal building Spread recently in Iraqi residential areas, in general, and in Baghdad, in particular, due to the urgent housing need, on the one hand, and lack of commitment to building controls, on the other hand, to highlight the phenomenon of uncommitted building to controls and housing governing legislation in Iraq, leading to heterogeneity in both building densities and plot areas, and disorder in the urban fabric and urban escape of those areas. Research problem identified as the absence of a clear vision about the General aspects of the phenomenon of informal building in residential street scene, and the role of designed housing projects as a substitute for informal building in built residential areas. The des

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The Investment portfolio risks of the insurance company and their impacts on profitability ratios: An applied research at the national insurance co. for the period 2004-2014
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The research is trying to identify the investment portfolio risks of the insurance company and their impact, on the Profitability ratios of the company, and whether the company's scientific methods followed in the measurement of these risks, and conducted research in the National Insurance Company. by relying on its annual budget as well as the annual reports, The search dealing with these data in theoretical and practical major premise to statistically significant between to investment portfolio risk and financial performance correlation and reach a set of conclusions and recommendations which are the following.                

investments include many ri

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 28 2022
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Public Relations Strategies in Building the State’s Reputation An analytical study of the publications of the website of the UAE Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation
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The aim of this paper is to know the persuasive methods and public relations strategies in building the reputation of the United Arab Emirates, since the UAE is progressing among the international indicators in good reputation. The researcher used the survey method, using the content analysis tool, to analyze the publications of the UAE Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation for the period from 10/1/2021 to 12/31/2021.The researcher reached a set of results, the most important of which are: The UAE Foreign Ministry relied on public relations strategies in order to build a good reputation for the country, as it focused on the media strategy and gave little importance to the consensus-building strategy, as well as focuse

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 30 2012
Journal Name
The Iraqi Journal Of Veterinary Medicine
Conformation of the clinical diagnoses of some malnutrition diseases in local and Shammi goats in Baghdad province: Al-Shawi A.F.S .; Al-Sammarraie ,S.A.G.and Al-Judi Abdul,M.H.
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The relationship between the clinical singes and some of the hematological and biochemical values in 126 cases of local breed and Shammi breed goats (from both sexes) diagnosed as cases of malnutrition from 230 goats examined .The clinical examination include (beside the general inspection and case history) body temperature, respiratory and pulse rates, mucus membranes skin and coat. Examination of the blood samples included RBCs count, Hb concentration, PCV % and values of cupper, magnesium, phosphorus, and potassium. The results showed that the mean body temperature of these goats was lower than in normal goats, while the respiratory and pulse rates were higher .Examination of blood revealed decrease in the means of RBCs counts ,Hb con

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Publication Date
Mon Nov 01 2021
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Earth And Environmental Science
Effect of Using Different Levels of Spirulina Algae (Spirulina Platensis) in The Diet on Concentration, Types of Fatty Acids, Oxidation Indicators, and Sensory Characteristics of Broiler Carcasses
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Abstract<p>This study was conducted at the Poultry Research Station of the Agricultural Research Department/Ministry of Agriculture in Abu Ghraib for the period from 25/2/2019 to 7/4/2019 (42 days) with the aim of using several levels of Spirulina (SP)<italic>Spirulina platensis</italic>in broiler diets. And their effect in the concentration and types of fatty acids, oxidation indices and sensory characteristics of the broiler carcass, 400 birds were used in this experiment One day old broiler birds of the Ross 308 strain are un sexed, with an average starting weight of 40 g/bird, and the birds were randomly distributed into five treatments with four replications per treatment (20 birds/duplicate). Th</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Sun Sep 07 2008
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
The Extent of Homogeneity in the Distribution of Petrophysical Properties that Affecting the Primary and Enhanced Oil Recoveries of Reservoir Rocks in Zubair Formation of South Iraq
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Records of two regionalized variables were processed for each of porosity and permeability of reservoir rocks in Zubair Formation (Zb-109) south Iraq as an indication of the most important reservoir property which is the homogeneity,considering their important results in criterion most needed for primary and enhanced oil reservoirs.The results of dispersion treatment,the statistical incorporeal indications,boxes plots,rhombus style and tangents angles of intersected circles indicated by confidence interval of porosity and permeability data, have shown that the reservoir rocks of Zubair units (LS),(1L) and (DJ) have reservoir properties of high quality,in contrast to that of Zubair units (MS) and (AB)which have reservoir properties of less q

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2024
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
A Theoretical Investigation of Chemical Bonding of a Heterometallic Trinuclear Cluster Containing Iridium and Ruthenium: [(Cp*Ir) (CpRu)2 (μ3-H) (μ-H)3] by QTAIM Approach
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  Numerous integral and local electron density’s topological parameters of significant metal-metal and metal-ligand bonding interactions in a trinuclear tetrahydrido cluster [(Cp* Ir) (Cp Ru)2 (μ3-H) (μ-H)3]1 (Cp = η5 -C5Me5), (Cp* = η5 -C5Me4Et) were calculated and interpreted by using the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM). The properties of bond critical points such as the delocalization indices δ (A, B), the electron density ρ(r), the local kinetic energy density G(r), the Laplacian of the electron density ∇2ρ(r), the local energy density

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 31 2022
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Seeing the believers of their Lord in the situation and in heaven: fi mawqif wa fī aj- janna Lil -mam al-'allamah Burhanu al-din al-Kurani
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Research Summary

This research is an attempt to explain the Qur’anic verses of the vision in the practical divine vision on the Day of Resurrection, and the legal texts narrated from the Companions regarding the vision of the Prophet, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, regarding the vision of the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, regarding the vision of the Prophet, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, regarding the vision of the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace He was greeted with regard to vision, and he explained the two sayings of Ibn Abbas and Aisha on the same subject, including an area of ​​conflict between them.

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Publication Date
Fri Oct 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Al-rafidain University College For Sciences ( Print Issn: 1681-6870 ,online Issn: 2790-2293 )
The Use of Logistic Regression Model in Estimating the Probability of Being Affected By Breast Cancer Based On the Levels of Interleukins and Cancer Marker CA15-3
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Breast cancer has got much attention in the recent years as it is a one of the complex diseases that can threaten people lives. It can be determined from the levels of secreted proteins in the blood. In this project, we developed a method of finding a threshold to classify the probability of being affected by it in a population based on the levels of the related proteins in relatively small case-control samples. We applied our method to simulated and real data. The results showed that the method we used was accurate in estimating the probability of being diseased in both simulation and real data. Moreover, we were able to calculate the sensitivity and specificity under the null hypothesis of our research question of being diseased o

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2017
Journal Name
Dalton Transactions
Mangiferin functionalized radioactive gold nanoparticles (MGF-<sup>198</sup>AuNPs) in prostate tumor therapy: green nanotechnology for production, in vivo tumor retention and evaluation of therapeutic efficacy
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We report here an innovative feature of green nanotechnology-focused work showing that mangiferin—a glucose functionalized xanthonoid, found in abundance in mango peels—serves dual roles of chemical reduction and in situ encapsulation, to produce gold nanoparticles with optimum in vivo stability and tumor specific characteristics. The interaction of mangiferin with a Au-198 gold precursor affords MGF-198AuNPs as the beta emissions of Au-198 provide unique advantages for tumor therapy while gamma rays are used for the quantitative estimation of gold within the tumors and various organs. The laminin receptor specificity of mangiferin affords specific accumulation of therapeutic payloads of this new therapeutic agent within prostate tumors

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