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BACTERIAL CONTAMINATION OF IRAQI BANKNOTES CURRENCY IN CIRCULATION IN BAGHDAD CITY
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The present study was identified the type of bacterial contamination of Iraqi banknotes currency (Iraqi dinars) in circulation. 68 Iraqi banknotes currency of different denominations samples were randomly gathered from different locations and different occupational groups in Baghdad city. The results showed 61 (89.70%) of the samples were determined to be contaminated with bacteria, whereas 7 (10.29%) were confirmed to be sterile. A total of 11 different species of bacteria resulting in 72 isolates were found from those 61 contaminated Iraqi banknotes currency. Based on culture, morphological and biochemical tests, 11 isolates were identified as Bacillus sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Corynebacterium diphtheria, Leuconostoc, Lactobacillus, Klebsiella, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus and Shigella sp. The results showed that Bacillus sp. 30.55 % was found to be the most frequently isolated bacterial species followed by Klebsiella 18.05%, Staphylococcus aureus 16.66%, Staphylococcus epidermidis 8.33%, Corynebacterium diphtheria, Leuconostoc 5.55%, Lactobacillus 4.16%, followed by streptococcus, Proteus mirabilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were detected in similar percentage 2.77% and Shigella sp. 1.38%.Significantly higher bacterial concentration was noticed in Iraqi dinars obtained from fish sellers (26.38%) than in other sources, whereas they were significantly lower in Iraqi dinars sampled from banks (6.9%).

Publication Date
Wed Mar 29 2017
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Design and Synthesis of New Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Agents with Expected Selectivity toward Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibition
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This study includes design and synthesis of new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAIDs) with expected cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) selective inhibition to achieve better activity and low gastric side effects. Two series of compounds have been designed and synthesized as potential NSAIDs,these  are:     Salicylamide derivatives (compounds 3,4,5 ) and Diflunisal derivatives (compounds 10&11). In vivo acute anti-inflammatory effect of one of the synthesized agents (compound 3)  was evaluated in the rat using egg-white induced paw edema model of inflammation. Preliminary pharmacological study revealed that compound 3 exhibited less anti-inflammatory effect  compared to that of aspirin after

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 23 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Biotechnology Research Center
Production of protein isolate and its enzymatic hydrolysates from local pumpkin seeds and studying their functional properties
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Background: Pumpkin seeds are a valuable source of high-quality protein and can be utilized as functional food ingredients due to their properties, such as solubility, foam formation, and stability. This study aims to produce protein isolate and its enzymatic hydrolysates from local pumpkin seeds to study their properties. Methodology: Preparing defatted pumpkin seeds for protein extraction, followed by the enzymes’ hydrolysis using Trypsin and Pepsin enzymes separately and together in two methods. The determination of amino acids and the degree of hydrolysis was conducted; moreover, protein properties were studied, including solubility, emulsifying activity, stability index, foaming capacity, and stability. Results: A protein sample was

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 06 2021
Journal Name
University Of Baghdad
Synthesis, characterization, biological activity and thermal study of metal complexes with new ligands derived from succinyl chloride
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Publication Date
Mon Dec 30 2024
Journal Name
Wasit Journal For Pure Sciences
A New Class of Higher Derivatives for Harmonic Univalent Functions Established using a Generalized Fractional Integral Operator
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A new class of higher derivatives  for harmonic univalent functions defined by a generalized fractional integral operator inside an open unit disk E is the aim of this paper.

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 02 2017
Journal Name
International Workshop In Physics Applications
Antifungal activity of wide band gap Thioglycolic acid capped ZnS:Mn semiconductor nanoparticles against some pathogenic fungi(Article)
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The manganese doped zinc sulfide nanoparticles were synthesized by simple aqueous chemical reaction of manganese chloride, zinc acetate and thioacitamide in aqueous solution. Thioglycolic acid is used as capping agent for controlling the nanoparticle size. The main advantage of the ZnS:Mn nanoparticles of diameter ~ 2.73 nm is that the sample is prepared by using non-toxic precursors in a cost effective and eco-friendly way. The structural, morphological and chemical composition of the nanoparticles have been investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The nanosize of the prepared nanoparticles was elucidated by Scan

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 30 2022
Journal Name
Pakistan Journal Of Medical And Health Sciences
The Effect of Hand Blood Flow on the Peripheral Fingertip Plethysmographic Waveforms Morphology and Pulse Wave Velocity
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Photoplethysmography (PPG) is a non-invasive optical technique that employs variations in light absorption produced by alteration in the blood volume in capillaries at the skin during the cardiac cycle. This study aims to understand factors related to PPG morphology; a hand-elevation, the study has modified blood flow to and from the finger was conducted in the laboratory. It is widely established that the position of the limb relative to the heart has an effect on blood flow in arteries and venous. Peripheral digital pulse wave (DPW) signals were obtained from 15 healthy volunteer participants during hand-elevation, and hand-lowering techniques wherein the right hand was lifted and lowered relative to heart level, while the left h

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Publication Date
Wed May 10 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Planner And Development
Analysis and evaluation of related factors affecting community Participation as a policy to upgrade residential slums area
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have suffered from deteriorating residential neighborhoods, poor economic, social and urban living conditions of the population and deteriorating the infrastructural and superior services. These problems were the secretions of these cities' rapid urbanization. Based on the principles of sustainable urban planning and in order to achieve adequate opportunities for the lives of the population and provide them with sustainable livelihoods, policies have emerged to upgrade along the lines of community participation and programmes to reform and develop those neighbourhoods, raise their efficiency and make them livable. Thus, the problem of research was identified "The absence of a comprehensive cognitive perception of the most prominent facto

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Publication Date
Tue Aug 03 2021
Journal Name
Key Engineering Materials
Study the Behavior of Castellated Steel Column Encasing by Different Reactive Powder Concrete Thickness with Laced Reinforcement
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Castellated columns are structural members that are created by breaking a rolled column along the center-line by flame after that rejoining the equivalent halves by welding such that for better structural strength against axial loading, the total column depth is increased by around 50 percent. The implementation of these institutional members will also contribute to significant economies of material value. The main objectives of this study are to study the enhancement of the load-carrying capacity of castellated columns with encasement of the columns by Reactive Powder Concrete (RPC) and lacing reinforcement, and serviceability of the confined castellated columns. The Castellated columns with RPC and Lacing Reinforcement improve com

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Publication Date
Thu Jul 04 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology
Adsorption of bimetal from aqueous solution on plum seed activated carbon synthesized by pyrocarbonic acid microwave method
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Abstract<sec><title>BACKGROUND

This article presents the simultaneous adsorption of bimetal Cu2+ and Zn2+ from an aqueous solution using activated carbon synthesized from a plum seed precursor by sulfuric acid and microwave activation: plum seeds chemically activated by 45% (w/w) sulfuric acid with 2:1 ratio for 4 h, then carbonized for 2 h at 700 °C and the product obtained activated in a microwave oven for 20 min at 700 W for final of activation. Plum seeds and activated carbon produced were characterized in terms of their physical and chemical composition using Brunauer–Emmett–Teller measurements, field emission scanning electr

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 10 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Effect of a Mediator on Scaffolding EFL Student Teachers’ Teaching Competencies, Self- Efficacy and Self–Awareness
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This study aims to find out the effect of the mediator on scaffolding fourth yearstudent- teachers' teaching competencies and their self-efficacy. The present study combines scaffolding and self-efficacy by using a mediator on scaffolding students affects teaching competencies and selfefficacy and from the results of which the existence of student-teachers’ selfawareness was ensured as an effect of the same independent variable. The model affects their teaching competencies and led them to be aware of the needs of their pupils and themselves. 

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