The aim of this study was the discrimination of Salmonella isolated from chicken and their feed and drinking water for the epidemiological control of salmonellosis. Totally, 289 samples, including 217 chicken cloaca swabs, 46 water, and 26 feed samples were collected from five different farms in Karbala governorate, Iraq. Conventional bacteriology tests, API 20E, Vitek 2, and serology were used for bacterial identification. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was applied to analyze the genetic relationships among Salmonella isolates. The isolation rate of Salmonella spp. was 21.1% (61/289). While the water samples constituted the highest rate (30.4%), a rate of 21.7% was reported for the cloaca swabs, with no isolate at all from chicken feed. Vitek 2 was able to identify some isolates to the serotype level, such as S. Enteritidis, S. Paratyphi B, and S. Paratyphi C. However, the isolates were diagnosed as S. enterica by API 20E, and as S. enterica subsp. arizonae through serology. Analyzing the samples by the RAPD-PCR assay showed the presence of genetically different Salmonella spp. Dendrograms created by the GelJ software successfully delineated the genetic relationships. Therefore, RAPD-PCR can be used as a surrogate tool for the fast, reliable, and accurate detection of Salmonella in epidemiological surveys when compared with other biochemical-based identification methods.
The acute phase response is a major pathophysiologic phenomenon that accompanies inflammation whether acute or chronic. Complement (C3 and C4) and C - reactive protein (CRP) are positive acute phase proteins (+ ve APPs ). Their production takes place in hepatocyte and the blood concentration of these parameters are increased in osteoarthritis (OA). Chloroquine (CQ) is a diprotic weak base traditionally used to treat malaria. Recently the phosphate salt of CQ is used to decrease this type of (+ve APPs) . In this study, patients who suffered from knee osteoarthritis (KOA) are treated with oral dosage form of chloroquine phosphate (CQP) for one month, twice daily. Our results demonstrate that CQP improves the patient status by decreas
... Show MoreIn this study the faunistic of lady beetles (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) was studied in Mehriz region (Yazd province) during 2009-2010. The total number of specimens of coccinellid beetles were collected from 6 different localities having altitudes from 1420-2420 m. Altogether 11 species from 8 genera, 3 tribes and 3 subfamilies were collected and identified. External characters plus characteristics male and female genitalia were used in order to diagnose species. Seven species were recorded for the first time from Yazd province (marked*). Many species were predacious, preying on various species of aphids, mites and coccids. Some species were also sent to Dr. Helmut Fursch in Germany for identification or confirmation. T
... Show MoreThis research is concerned with documenting traditional clothes of girls and children in Makkah in the past 100 years and is a step towards preserving our heritage which is exposed to rapid changes. The researcher’s goal is to contribute to the Saudi’s folklore studies with a qualitative study of clothes and ceremonies used in the past. Sources of information were collected from human and material samples, ceremonies, clothes, techniques used to embellish them and from previous studies. The study concludes that aspects of civilization influenced clothes and resulted in a great deal of change. Children wore scale-down versions of adult clothing. Costumes were rich by their styles and adornment. The researcher emphasizes the importance
... Show MoreABSTRACTBackground: Concerns about hepatitis A infections is increasing worldwide specially after improving economic and sanitary conditions in many countries making older age groups who escape infection on early life vulnerable to infection.Objectives: The objectives were to estimate the frequency of hepatitis A among children consulting Al Alwyia pediatric Teaching Hospital during the year 2013 and to study some demographic characteristics of the disease.Methods: This cross - sectional hospital -based study wasconducted during 2013-2014 and include pediatric patients(43525 patients) who consult Al Alwyia pediatric hospitalduring that time. The outcome is total IgM antibodies tohepatitis A virus detected using Enzyme Linked FluorescentA
... Show MoreKE Sharqie, AA Al-Nuaimy, WJ Kadhum, SMJ, 2006 - Cited by 2
In this paper, third order non-polynomial spline function is used to solve 2nd kind Volterra integral equations. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate the applications of this method, and to compare the computed results with other known methods.
The article describes a certain computation method of -arcs to construct the number of distinct -arcs in for . In this method, a new approach employed to compute the number of -arcs and the number of distinct arcs respectively. This approach is based on choosing the number of inequivalent classes } of -secant distributions that is the number of 4-secant, 3-secant, 2-secant, 1-secant and 0-secant in each process. The maximum size of -arc that has been constructed by this method is . The new method is a new tool to deal with the programming difficulties that sometimes may lead to programming problems represented by the increasing number of arcs. It is essential to reduce the established number of -arcs in each cons
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