A review of comparative analytical methods for β-lactam 
antibiotics and heavy metals in pharmaceutical products and 
human biological matrices

Elham N. Mezaal

Details

Publication Date

Fri May 29 2026

Journal Name

Analytical Methods In Environmental Chemistry Journal

Volume

9

Issue Number

2

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A review of comparative analytical methods for β-lactam antibiotics and heavy metals in pharmaceutical products and human biological matrices

Analytical method

β-Lactam antibiotics

Determination

Heavy metals

Pharmaceutical products

Human samples

Elham N. Mezaal

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A review of comparative analytical methods for β-lactam antibiotics and heavy metals in pharmaceutical products and human biological matrices

Publication Date

Sun Feb 28 2021

Journal Name

Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences

The role of corporate merger in achieving synergy (Analytical research in a sample of companies of the Iraqi Ministry of Industry and Minerals)

Merger

Corporate merger

Synergy

Amin Zedan

Abdel Salam Lefta

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The research aims to shed light on the recent experience in the Iraqi business environment, which is the experience of the merger. To evaluate a recent experience in an important sector of the Iraqi business sectors, namely the industrial sector to enable decision-makers to review that experience to judge the extent of its success and address some of the lapses that experience that by measuring synergies can be judged on the success of the merger experience or not. The research community is the governmental industrial sector. The research sample included six cases of merger (14) companies before the merger. The Holt method was used to predict the net sales and total cost values before the merger as if it were not merged. Th

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Publication Date

Fri Apr 12 2019

Journal Name

Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences

"The role of quality costs in reducing the cost of industrial" products

مفهوم الجودة - مفهوم تكاليف الجودة- عناصر تكاليف الجودة –المستوى الامثل لتكاليف الجودة.

/ Quality concept-The concept of Quality costs-Elements of Quality costs-The optimal level of Quality costs.

يحيى علي

هبة سعد

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Abstract :-

The aim of the research is to explain the role of quality costs their importance and their classification, and to clarify the most important tools that help to reduce costs.

In order to achieve the objective of the research and test hypotheses adopted the descriptive approach, as well as the adoption of the analytical approach in the study of applied data has been relied upon in providing data on the financial and production reports of the research sample company, the data were used to study and analyze financial and productivity reports . A number of conclusions have been reached the most important being the following

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Publication Date

Sat Oct 01 2022

Journal Name

Al–bahith Al–a'alami

MEDIA AND CUSTOMERS: (An analytical study of the opinions and attitudes of a sample of industrialists in the role of media in directing consumers to national industries)

media

marketing

industry

product promotion

Raad

Muna

Hula

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The talk about the relationship between the media and industrialists can be the core of a bigger and deeper subject which is the role of these means in increasing sales : First, increasing the customer’s awareness of the importance of goods and the result of the promotion of products. Secondly, increasing investments which do require continuous studies and deep research in order to understand the constantly changing market conditions, and the public’s taste. In this research, we try to find out how industrialists see the role of media in the promotion of products in Iraq today, and how it develops in the future.

There was a reluctance of the industrialists to advertise in the local media, also industrialists see the role of t

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Publication Date

Mon Dec 30 2002

Journal Name

Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering

Aerobic Filter Treatment of Pharmaceutical Waste

Nahidh W

Hammodi A

Kassim H

Abbas H

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Publication Date

Mon Feb 14 2022

Journal Name

Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences

Pharmaceutical pollution of the world’s rivers

John L.

Alistair B.A.

Dana W.

Kenneth M. Y.

Racliffe W. S.

Cristóbal

Aiko D.

Julie

Marc

Robert A.

Alejandra

Aida

Anja

Pedro

Macarena

Chris

Magdalena

Monique

Thais

Vahagn

Yekaterina

Clare S.

Christopher J.

Thilo

Tapos

Volga

Jessica

Jean L.

Francisco

Maria T. P.

Victorien

Gildas

Oumar

Jules M.

Linda E.

Michelle

Donald

Romaric

Jaime

Guang-Guo

Chang-Er

Martha

Jina

Jean-Paul

John

Suspense A.

Penelope

Silvia

Nikolina

Milena

Despo

Lida

Vladimíra

Jan

María

Bayable A.

Jeanne

Arnaud

Peter

Ilia

Sven

Gerasimos

Halldór P.

Molly

Thatikonda

Manisha

Anindrya

Adee

Nima

Ali

Omar

Salem S.

Francesco

Benny

Tom

Koffi Marcellin

Bakhyt

Raikhan

Lydia

Jemimah K.

Peter

Victor

Nathaniel T.

Sheck

Ahmad Zaharin

Ley Juen

Mahamoudane

Seydou T.

Rik

Olatayo

Muhammad

Ziad

Aaron

Jorge Manuel

María

Heidi

Ian

Fabio

Alhaji Brima

Bashiru M.

Vesna

Mitja

Melusi

Kyungho

Habyeong

John L. Celestino

Andreu

Priyanie

Anna

Gisela

Armin K.

Alex C.

Jheng-Jie

Rebecca

Madaka

Ulas

Turgut T.

Julius B.

Yuliya

Yuriy

Horacio

Andrés

Douglas B.

Maritza

David

Charles

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Environmental exposure to active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) can have negative effects on the health of ecosystems and humans. While numerous studies have monitored APIs in rivers, these employ different analytical methods, measure different APIs, and have ignored many of the countries of the world. This makes it difficult to quantify the scale of the problem from a global perspective. Furthermore, comparison of the existing data, generated for different studies/regions/continents, is challenging due to the vast differences between the analytical methodologies employed. Here, we present a global-scale study of API pollution in 258 of the world’s rivers, representing the environmental influence of 471.4 million people across

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Publication Date

Sat Jan 25 2020

Journal Name

Indian Journal Of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology

A Comparative Evaluation of Gutta-Percha and Sealer Removal of Rotary Niti File Retreatment Systems

DRace

Hedstrom

REndo

retreatment

Protaper

Mirvet M

Noor H

Raghad Abdulrazzaq

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Forty lower premolars with single root canals prepared with ProtaperNext files to size 25, and obturated with GP/sealer using lateral compaction. Teeth divided randomly into four groups (group n=10). Protaper universal retreatment kit (PUR), D-Race desobturation files (DRD), R-Endo retreatment kit (RE) and Hedstrom (H) files (control) were used to remove GP/sealer in each group. Removal effectiveness assessed by measuring the GP /sealer remnants in the roots after sectioning them into two halves. Stereomicroscope with a digital camera used to capture digital images. Images processed by ImageJ software to measure the percentage of GP/sealer remnants surface area in total, coronal, middle and apical areas of the canal. In the coronal area,

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Publication Date

Sat Oct 28 2023

Journal Name

Baghdad Science Journal

A Comparative Study of the Photostabilization of Polyvinyl Chloride with Nano and Micro Nickel Oxide

Photocatalysis

nano nickel oxide

PVC photodegradation

Polymer–NiO.

B. E.

Ahmed A.

N. A.A.

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NiO nanoparticle synthesis by chemical method and characterized by XRD with crystal size 11.72
nm and grain size 13 nm from FESEM image also NiO micro used ,two NiO as an additive to evaluate the
possibility of producing photodegradable polymers, the practical application of solid-phase photocatalytic
degradation of polyvinyl chloride (PVC- NiO composite films) was investigated. PVC has a negative impact
on the environment since its polymer degrades slowly, yet it has a wide range of industrial applications and
the amount used shows no evidence of diminishing use. Thus, a synthesis of modified PVC- NiO micro and
nano has been studied with 0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, and 300 (hours) as irradiation time a

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(7)

(2)

Publication Date

Thu Jan 02 2020

Journal Name

Indian Journal Of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology

A Comparative Evaluation of Gutta-Percha and Sealer Removal of Rotary Niti File Retreatment Systems

Mirvet

Noor Hayder

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Publication Date

Wed Dec 01 2021

Journal Name

Baghdad Science Journal

Biological Evaluation and Theoretical Study of Bi-dentate Ligand for Amoxicillin Derivative with Some Metal Ions

Schiff base

Complexes of Schiff base

Biological activity

Theoretical study

Sahar S.

Nidhal M.

Shaymaa Rajab

Asmaa M.

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In this paper, the complexes of Shiff base of Methyl -6-[2-(diphenylmethylene)amino)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido]-2,2-dimethyl-5-oxo-1-thia-4-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-3-carboxylate (L) with Cobalt(II), Nickel(II), Cupper(II) and Zinc(II) have been prepared. The compounds have been characterized by different means such as FT-IR, UV-Vis, magnetic moment, elemental microanalyses (C.H.N), atomic absorption, and molar conductance. It is obvious when looking at the spectral study that the overall complexes obtained as monomeric structure as well as the metals center moieties are two-coordinated with octahedral geometry excepting Co complexes that existed as a tetrahedral geometry. Hyper Chem-8.0.7

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(12)

Publication Date

Tue Jan 01 2019

Journal Name

J. Pharm. Sci. & Res.

Effect of NPK and Organic Fertilizers on Increasing Medicinally Active Components and Limiting Heavy Metal Uptake in Pomegranate Trees

Ahmed Talib

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