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Factors influencing the degree of physician–pharmacist collaboration within Iraqi public healthcare settings†
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Abstract<sec> <title>Objectives

Medication safety and effectiveness can be improved through interprofessional collaboration. The goals of this study were to measure the degree of physician–pharmacist collaboration within Iraqi governmental healthcare settings and to investigate factors influencing this collaboration.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted in Al-Najaf Province using the Collaborative Working Relationship Model and Physician–Pharmacist Collaborative Instrument (PPCI). Four pharmacists distributed paper surveys with a 7-point Likert scale to a convenience sample of physicians and pharmacists working in seven public hospitals and two outpatient clinics. The questionnaire (in English) covered individual (demographics, practising years and academic affiliation), context (practice setting) and PPCI characteristics (trustworthiness, role specification and relationship initiation) in addition to collaborative care items: one for pharmacists and one for physicians. Separate multiple regressions were used to assess the association of the factors with collaborative care for physicians and for pharmacists.

Key findings

Seventy-seven physicians and 86 pharmacists returned usable surveys (81.5% response rate). The majority of physicians were male (84%), while the majority of pharmacists were female (58%). The mean age of the physicians was (37.99 years) older than that of the pharmacists (30.35 years). The physicians had a longer period of practice (11.32 years) than pharmacists (5.45 years). Most (90%) of the providers were practising in hospitals. Pharmacist academic affiliation was significantly associated with collaborative care. The pharmacist and physician regressions indicated significant (P &lt; 0.05) associations between collaborative care and two PPCI domains (role specification and relationship initiation for physicians; role specification and trustworthiness for pharmacists).

Conclusions

This study focused on physician–pharmacist collaboration within hospitals, and it was the first study measuring interprofessional collaboration in Iraq. The results showed there is physician–pharmacist collaboration within Iraqi hospitals and exchange characteristics had significant influence on this collaboration.

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Using <scp>5G</scp> Standards for Smart Healthcare Applications and Designing an Artificial Intelligence‐Based Industry 4.0 Communication System
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Publication Date
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Publication Date
Sun Jan 27 2019
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The Role of Concurrent Engineering In Enhancing Strategic Performance :Applied Research in Zora Public Company
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Sun Dec 27 2020
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Evaluation the profitability of public commercial banks using liquidity indicators: A comparison of the Rafidain and Rasheed study
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Publication Date
Tue Aug 01 2017
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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2023
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Does the Location of a Small Tympanic Membrane Perforation Affect the Degree of Hearing Loss in Adult Patients with Inactive Mucosal Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media?
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Sat Dec 01 2018
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The Degree of Management Practice of Roaming and Its Role in Achieving Organizational Justice ((An analytical Study of the Opinions of Directors in Anbar Education Directorate))
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