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The Response of Bitter Orange Citrus Aurantium Trees to the Infestation of Oriental Yellow Scale Aonidiella Orientalis in Iraq
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Abstract<p>Laboratory studies were carried out to investigate the differences between uninfested and infested bitter orange <italic>Citrus aurantium</italic> leaves with oriental yellow scale <italic>Aonidiella orientalis</italic> in Iraq. From this experiment, it is reasonable to determine that releases of volatile organic compounds from both uninfested and infested bitter orange <italic>C. aurantium</italic> as a response to the infestation of the oriental yellow scale <italic>A. orientalis</italic>. Some volatile organic compounds were found in uninfested leaves, while GC-MS did not detect others. Infested leaves by oriental yellow scale insects emitted significantly D-Limonene and β- Ocimene more than uninfested leaves of bitter orange. In contrast, the uninfested leaves emitted the compound Alloaromadendrene more than infested bitter orange. The changing of chemical profile in the bitter orange leaves can explain the response of citrus trees to the infestation of oriental yellow scale <italic>A. orientalis</italic> as a way of pest control by repellence insect pests or attractive the beneficial insects.</p>
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Publication Date
Thu Dec 01 2011
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Crisis Mangement Strategy Conceptual framing according to the Islamic perspective
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The research concern about the conceptual framework of crisis in the strategic view has become to mean opportunity to change not threat only. The research explains the multi stages of crisis & its characteristics that are difference from catastrophe and disaster. We rely on two criteria of classification of crisis (predictability & influence possibilities). Also there are sub crises with the main crisis; the important one is the Maida Crisis which is related with the informational dimension & the Psychological Crisis which is related with the Human dimension or the victim management. The current research aimed to develop crises management strategy according to Islamic perspective based on model of ( Augustine, 1995).&

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Use multi-goal fuzzy programming to find the critical path
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The exploitation of all available resources and benefiting from them is one of the most important problems facing the decision makers at the present time. In order to exploit these resources, it is necessary to organize the conflicting objectives, which is the main work in the project management, which enables the development of a plan that decision makers can use to shorten the total completion time and reduce the total cost of the project. Through the use of modern scientific techniques, and therefore the researcher using the critical path method using the technology of programming goals to find more efficient ways to make appropriate decisions where the researcher worked to solve the problems in the construction of the Departm

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Publication Date
Mon Nov 25 2019
Journal Name
Alustath Journal For Human And Social Sciences
Barbara Kingsolver: Evaluating Her Contribution to the Eco-Feminist Novel
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Climate change, together with terrorism, economic depressions, and mass-destructive weaponry, is a source of international phobia for many people. The advancement in technology increases the competition among world powers and economic systems to develop their industrial enterprises. The smoke that emits from the factories, the pollution caused by the industrial projects, the excessive use of green gas result in the increase of global warming and have catastrophic effects on the ecosphere of the planet. Besides, man’s wrong practices even in agricultural matters are exhausting the natural resources of the lands, and they badly affect the ecological diversity and the wellbeing of the humans and non-humans alike. Contemporary feminis

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 09 2021
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
Obstacles to reforming the Security Council and new international changes
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The international system that established the United Nations after the end of the Second World War witnessed many changes. These changes overshadowed the nature of the work of the international organization, especially its first and most important executive organ (the Security Council). This has sometimes weakened and dulled the Security Council's role in performing the tasks stipulated in the Charter of the Organization, which has led the Organization itself to work on reforms within it in general and to seek reforms in the Security Council in particular. Academic and advisory efforts were made to submit proposals for amendment to be reflected on the Council's performance effectiveness.

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 30 2021
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Distress disorder and the tendency to pray among martyrs' wives
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The research aimed at identifying  the level of Acute stress disorder  and orientation towards supplication among the wives of the martyrs and knowledge of the two levels according to the age groups, academic achievement and profession. Sample of (72) wife of a martyr, and the results of the research indicated that the wives of the martyrs have symptoms of distress disorder and have adherence to the supplication to alleviate that disorder, as well as the results indicated that there are statistical differences in distress disturbance according to the variable of age groups, the profession variable and the variable of enrollment The academic year. As for the measure of the trend towards supplication, there are no statistical dif

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2013
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The impact of the strengths and weaknesses in Iraqi newspapers: The evolution of the consumer - the reader
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The first section of this research discussed  the manner of the research from many sides like the problem it faces, importance of it , its targets ,boundaries, the way to collect and get information's and its assumption.

When the second chapter discussed the press – manufacturing and the development ,importance and types of newspapers, also its merits and weaknesses.

The third chapter talked about the scientific side and how to choose an assumption for the research . as it talked also about the apparent honest and stability tests that help in analyzing the research until getting results and so the right assumption for  the research will be chosen.

And finally, the fourth chapter put highlight on the be

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2022
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
The nature of the relationship between the states and the union in the United States of America
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Knowing the nature of the relationship in federal systems lies in studying the political, social, economic and cultural forces, for their role in laying the foundations and the federal system. No matter how important the pillars of that system are, and through this research, we will learn how the political elites were able to crystallize this unique system, until it became one of the political systems that some countries seek to copy and apply its experience.

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 31 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Geological Journal
Stratigraphic Analysis and Depositional Environment of the Newly Recorded Umm Er Rhadhuma Formation (Paleocene) from the Borehole K.H12/7, South Anah City, Western Iraq
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The Paleocene benthic foraminiferal zonation of the Umm Er Rhadhuma Formation from the borehole (K.H 12/7), South Anah City (Western Iraq), has been re-studied and re-analyzed precisely based on the large benthic foraminifera (LBF). They are represented by two biozone Rotorbinella hensoni Partial Range Zone, recorded from the Lower and middle parts of the Umm Er Rhadhuma Formation and Lockhartia praehaimei Partial Range Zone determined Uppermost of this unit, and dated to be the Selandian – Thanetian stage. Almost all the biogenic (micro and macro) and non-biogenic constituents, including large benthic foraminifera, Algae, Echinoderm, Bryozoans, Oyster, Gastropod fragments, and peloids, in addition to lithofacies types, indicate t

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2022
Journal Name
International Journal Of Early Childhood Special Education
A study of the level of skill self-esteem and some aspects of attention (acute - focus - diversion) and their relationship to the performance of the spiking and serve among young tennis players
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The purpose of this paper is to identifying the level of skill self-esteem of the young tennis players in the Governorate of Baghdad, identifying some aspects of attention (acuteness, concentration, and diversion of attention) among the young tennis players of the Baghdad governorate, and identify the skills of serve and serve spiking in tennis by young tennis players in Baghdad governorate. The researchers used the descriptive approach in the correlative relations style for its suitability and the research problem. the research sample was chosen in a deliberate way from the youth team players in tennis for the Governorate of Baghdad and the participants in the 2021-2022 sports season, whose number is (20) male players and (4) young playe

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Publication Date
Fri Aug 16 2024
Journal Name
Jurnal Arjuna: Publikasi Iimu Pendidkan,bahasa Dan Matematika
Some Physical and Motor Abilities and Their Contribution to The Scoring Skill of Futsal Players
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The game of futsal requires physical and motor abilities in order to perform it, as these abilities play a fundamental role in making the player have a wonderful physical level and be able to implement the skill aspect of futsal football, especially the scoring skill, which is the subject of the study. The importance of the research lies in arriving at knowledge of the percentage The contribution of some physical and motor abilities to the performance of the scoring skill in indoor soccer, in order to reach final scientific results that serve researchers, coaches, and players alike. The research aims to identify the most important physical and motor abilities of young players in futsal football, and to identify the percentage of contributio

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