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CFD Investigation of the Soldering Process for a Small Spherical PCM Made of Lead-tin Alloy
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Unlike welding, soldering does not involve melting the work pieces. Soldering is a process in which two or more items are joined together by melting and putting a filler metal (solder) into the joint. Failure in the solder joint may make the system components lose their functions. Electrical wiring and electronic components are joined to devices and printed circuit boards using soldering. Soldering and brazing are both used in the assembly of musical instruments. Lead-tin alloy solder employed in the current investigation which has a diameter of 4 mm and a density of 11.0103 kg/m3 with continuous heat flux heating from the domain's left side and complete insulation on the other side. The melting of PCM was simulated using the ANSYS (Fluent) melting model. Three procedures were followed during the heating stage of the reflow process to perform the melting heat-transfer analysis. The simulation's results were recorded at regular intervals of 15 seconds. The results show melting rate increases as time proceeds. It is almost the same at the initial stages and increases in the middle and the end of the melting process. Heat transfer happens mostly through conduction during the first 0–30 seconds of the melting process, changing to natural convection as the material continues to heat up.

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 01 2016
Journal Name
2016 Ieee Nuclear Science Symposium, Medical Imaging Conference And Room-temperature Semiconductor Detector Workshop (nss/mic/rtsd)
Comparison of columnar and pixelated scintillators for small field of view hybrid gamma camera imaging
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Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2019
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Investigation of Effecting Parameters in a Turning Operation
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        In this study multi objective optimization is utilized to optimize a turning operation to reveal the appropriate level of process features. The goal of this work is to evaluate the optimal combination of cutting parameters like feed, spindle speed, inclination angle and workpiece material to have a best surface quality Taguchi technique L9 mixed orthogonal array, has been adopted to optimize the roughness of surface. Three rods of length around (200 mm) for the three metals are used for this work. Each rod is divided into three parts with 50 mm length. For brass the optimum parametric mix for minimum Ra is A1, B1 and C3, i.e., at tool inclination angle (5), feedrate of 0.01, spindle speed of 120

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2018
Journal Name
International Journal Of Language Academy
A LINGUISTIC INVESTIGATION OF CONTEXTUALIZATION IN RELIGIOUS DISCOURSE
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Publication Date
Sun Jun 21 2020
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Formulation and Investigation of Lacidipine as a Nanoemulsions
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Many pharmaceutical molecules have solubility problems that until yet consist a hurdle that restricts their use in the pharmaceutical preparations. Lacidipine (LCDP) is a calcium-channel blocker with low aqueous solubility and bioavailability.

        Lipid dosage forms are attractive delivery systems for such hydrophobic drug molecules. Nanoemulsion (NE)  is one of the popular methods that has been used to solve the solubility problems of many drugs. LCDP was formulated as a NE utilizing triacetin as an oil phase, tween 80 and tween 60 as a surfactant and ethanol as a co-surfactant. Nine formulas were prepared, and different tests performed to ensure the stability of the NEs, such as thermodyna

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 31 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
ESTIMATION OF LEAD ELEMENT IN THE BLOOD OF TRAFFIC POLICE IN THE CITY OF BAGHDAD.: ESTIMATION OF LEAD ELEMENT IN THE BLOOD OF TRAFFIC POLICE IN THE CITY OF BAGHDAD.
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The current study aimed to determine the relation between the lead levels in the blood traffic men and the nature of their traffic work in Baghdad governorate. Blood samples were collected from 10 traffic men and the age about from 20-39 year from Directorate of Traffic Al Rusafa/ Baghdad and 10 samples another control from traffic men too with age 30-49 year and they livedrelatively in the clear cities or contained of Very few traffic areas. The levels of lead in blood estimated by used Atomic Absorption Spectrometry.
The result stated that there is no rising of the levels of lead in blood of traffic men Lead concentration was with more a range from 14 ppm in Traffic police are not healthy They are within the permissible limits, Ap

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Publication Date
Thu Jul 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Physics: Conference Series
J-Small Semiprime Submodules
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Abstract<p>Let <italic>R</italic> be a commutative ring with identity and <italic>Y</italic> be an unitary <italic>R</italic>-module. We say a non-zero submodule <italic>s</italic> of <italic>Y</italic> is a <italic>J –</italic> small semiprime if and only if for whenever <italic>i</italic> ∈ <italic>R, y ∈ Y,(Y)</italic> is small in <italic>Y</italic> and <italic>i<sup>2</sup>y</italic> ∈ <italic>S</italic> + <italic>Rad (Y)</italic> implies <italic>iy</italic> ∈ <italic>S.</italic> In this paper, we investigate some properties and chara</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Mon Mar 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Physics: Conference Series
On Small Semiprime Submodules
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Abstract<p>Let R be a commutative ring with identity, and M be unital (left) R-module. In this paper we introduce and study the concept of small semiprime submodules as a generalization of semiprime submodules. We investigate some basis properties of small semiprime submodules and give some characterizations of them, especially for (finitely generated faithful) multiplication modules.</p>
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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2019
Journal Name
Italian Journal Of Pure And Applied Mathematics
Co-small monoform modules
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he concept of small monoform module was introduced by Hadi and Marhun, where a module U is called small monoform if for each non-zero submodule V of U and for every non-zero homomorphism f ∈ Hom R (V, U), implies that ker f is small submodule of V. In this paper the author dualizes this concept; she calls it co-small monoform module. Many fundamental properties of co-small monoform module are given. Partial characterization of co-small monoform module is established. Also, the author dualizes the concept of small quasi-Dedekind modules which given by Hadi and Ghawi. She show that co-small monoform is contained properly in the class of the dual of small quasi-Dedekind modules. Furthermore, some subclasses of co-small monoform are investiga

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Publication Date
Sat May 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Physics: Conference Series
Weakly Small Smiprime Submodules
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Abstract<p>Let <italic>R</italic> be a commutative ring with an identity, and <italic>G</italic> be a unitary left <italic>R</italic>-module. A proper submodule <italic>H</italic> of an <italic>R</italic>-module <italic>G</italic> is called semiprime if whenever <italic>a ∈ R, y ∈ G, n ∈ Z</italic> <sup>+</sup> and <italic>a<sup>n</sup>y ∈ H</italic>, then <italic>ay ∈ H</italic>. We say that a properi submodule <italic>H</italic> of an <italic>R</italic>-module <italic>G</italic> is a weakly small semiprime, if whenever <ita></ita></p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Sat Dec 30 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
CFD Simulation of Methanol Dehydration Step through an Adiabatic Fixed-bed Reactor of DME Synthesis
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   Today, dimethyl ether (DME) is changing to ordinarily worn as a superb aerosol propellant and refrigerant for its eco-friendly characteristics. Lately, with the development of novel chemical energy in the coal industries, it has become a fascinating field of research as an alternative green fuel for diesel machines due to the high cetane number. The DME synthesis processes include catalytic dehydrating methanol in an adiabatic fixed-bed reactor. In this study, to investigate the chemical conditions of the methanol dehydration reaction, CFD simulations of the adiabatic reactor have been assessed. The advantage of the work is a sensitivity analysis was run to find the effect of pressure, kinetics, and velocity on the reactor performan

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