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Preparation, In-vitro, and Ex-vivo Evaluation of Ondansetron Loaded Invasomes for Transdermal Delivery
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Invasomes are newly developed types of nanovesicles. A vesicular drug delivery system is considered one of the approaches for transdermal delivery to enhance permeation and improve drug bioavailability. Ondansetron is a serotonin receptor antagonist used for treating vomiting associated with different clinical cases. The study aimed to prepare invasomal dispersions for improving permeation of ondansetron across the skin with a controlled release pattern. Twenty-seven formulas of ondansetron-loaded invasomes were prepared by a modified mechanical dispersion method. These formulas were optimized by studying the effect of variables on entrapment efficiency. Vesicle size, polydispersity, zeta potential, in-vitro release and ex-vivo permeation studies were done for the optimized formulas. The selected formula was )F25( had )88.24%±0.04 (entrapment, (317.7 nm) vesicle size, (0.29) polydispersity, and (-31.5mV) zeta potential. In-vitro release study showed That (F25) had 75% release after (12) hrs., and dissolution followed the Korsmeyer-Peppas model with anomalous diffusion. Ex-vivo permeation study showed steady-state flux was 340.2 µg/cm2.hr with no lag time using rat skin tissue. A transmission electron microscope was done to visualize the selected formula. Invasomes are considered promising drug delivery systems for transdermal delivery of ondansetron, ensuring efficient permeation with a sustained release pattern.

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Publication Date
Tue Feb 17 2026
Journal Name
Al-fatih Journal
A comparative study of resistance training on land and in the aqueousTo develop some capacity for three Al Wathba
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أن التطور العلمي الحاصل فيما يخص المجال الرياضي أرسى آفاق جديدة لمواكبة التطور الكبير في مجا ل الألعاب والفعاليات الرياضية المختلفة ,و أن تحقيق النتائج الجيدة في فعاليات العاب القوى بشكل عام والثلاثية بشكل خاص في التدريب الرياضي يتطلب إتباع الأساليب العلمية الدقيقة والموضوعية بشكل سليم ومخطط له،فضلا عنة تطبيق نظريات ومنحى جديد لمواكبة الاتجاهات الحديثة في تحقيق النتائج الجيدة للوصول إلى المستويات العالية

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2016
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
The Engineering Properties and Geochemical Relationship For The Volcaniclastic Rocks Of The Muqdadiya Formation In Hemrin Area, NE. IRAQ
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Volcaniclastic rocks of Al Muqdadiya Formation (Pliocene) in Injana area, southern Hemrin anticline, NE of Iraq, were studied ( petrographically, physically, mineralogically and geochemically , as well as the engineering properties) to assess the suitability of volcaniclastic rocks to use them in industry as refractories. The results show that the physical and engineering properties change with the temperature change. The bulk density and the specific gravity increase by increasing temperature while the apparent porosity, water sorption and the linear shrinkage decrease. On the other hand the compressive strength increase by increasing temperature. The volcaniclastics have very low thermal conductivi

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 06 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Assessment of Reasons for Partial Compliance and Non-compliance to the Routine Childhood Vaccination Schedule in Al-Karkh District
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Abstract

      Objective (s): To evaluate reasons for partial compliance and non-compliance to the

                              routine childhood vaccination schedule in Al-Karkh district 

Methodology: Descriptive study , using the evaluation approach, is carried throughout the present study to determine the reasons for the Routine Childhood Vaccination at  health care sectors and primary health care centers at  Al-Karkh District in Baghdad City, Convenient, non-probability, sample of (90) mother who are recruited from health care sectors at Al-Karkh District in Baghdad City. All mothers, who ha

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The impact of Proactiveness and analysis strategic orientation tax organizational excellence: Practical research in the General Authority for Taxes
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This research aims to show the nature of the impact of proactive and analytical strategic orientation in the dimensions of tax organizational excellence (leadership, strategic planning, information and analysis and knowledge management, focus on taxpayers, focus on operations, focus on workforce, business results), in the General Tax Authority  The questionnaire was used as a tool to collect data and information from the sample of (110) who are (Associate Director General, Head of Department, Under-Head of First Division, Under-Head of Second Section, Division Officer).  Arithmetic mean, intestinal deviation the research has reached a number of conclusions, the most prominent of which are: -

  1. There is an effect of

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
ANALYSIS OF THE DISPARITY BETWEEN THE ESTIMATED BUDGET AND THE CURRENT BUDGET IN IRAQ FOR THE PERIOD )2006-2016(
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The general budget is usually linked to the role of the state in public life and economic activity, whether this role is neutral or interventionist and thus reflects the general objectives that the state seeks to achieve.

for importance of  the public budget in clarifying the image of the political state philosophy and its objectives it seeks to achieve on the one hand and clarifying the degree and rank it occupies in the ladder of development among the other countries. This study is intended to highlight the concepts of the general budget and how its concept has evolved since the Middle Ages. Of the importance of the general budget in Iraq was not based on scientific and objective and then the study

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2013
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Strategic dimension for theory of constraints and its impact in decision making: بحث تطبيقي في الشركة العامة للصناعات الجلدية
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The research illustrated that the theory of constraints is   "A group of concepts and basics that aim at helping the management in order to determine the difficulties and how to overcome these difficulties through determining the necessary change and how these change can be done efficiently and effectively ".

       The research showed that the theory of constraint including its tools calls for magnifying throughput, constricting the product cycle , determining  the optimal production mix , utilization of scare resources and canceling the idle time , that achieving  throughput  increasing  then  increasing  profit .

      Moreov

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Publication Date
Fri Aug 01 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
(Measuring and analyzing the impact of financial crises on the main source for financing the public budget in Iraq) *
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    Form recurrence of financial crises phenomenon disturbing and attention , and returns the reasons so that its negative effects were sharp and dangerous , because of the nature and cause of Ncaha , threatened political and economic stability of the countries in which they occur these crises , in addition to Machmlh these crises spread of contagion across multiple channels to include other countries many developed and developing , and the reason for this to the openness of the economic and financial witnessed by the countries affected by crises and other countries concerned, the financial crisis is a case of financial turmoil appears in one of the sections of the financial system one and extends to

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
THE IMPACT OF OIL PRICES ON THE PUBLIC BUDGET AND TRADE BALANCE IN IRAQ FOR THE DURATION (2004-2017)
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The fluctuations in oil prices in world markets affect the general budget and the trade balance of the rent countries, because oil is a strategic commodity affected by economic and political factors. The fluctuations in oil prices affect the public budgets of the rent countries through the public revenue side of oil revenues. On the other hand, these fluctuations affect the balance of trade through the volume of oil exports, which lead to imbalance of trade surplus or deficit .                                           &nbs

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The role of external audit in banking risk management: A typical framework for control testing and banking risk assessment
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Banks face many of the various risks: which are of dangerous phenomena that cause the state achieved a waste of money and a threat to future development plans to be applied to reach the goals set by: prompting banks and departments to find appropriate solutions and fast: and it was within these solutions rely on Banking risk management and effective role in defining and identifying: measuring and monitoring risk and trying to control and take risks is expected to occur in order to encircle and make it in within acceptable limits: and try to avoid them in the future to reduce the losses that are likely to be exposed to the bank: and it began to emerge and dominate a lot of legislation that seeks to structure the year risk management and t

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Publication Date
Mon Sep 01 2025
Journal Name
Thermal Science And Engineering Progress
Active mixing strategies for energy-efficient water dispensers: Comparative experimental study of impeller and bubble injection in hot climates
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