Unter Exilliteratur versteht man „die literarische Produktion von Autoren, die wegen politischer, religiöser oder rassistischer Verfolgung gezwungen sind, sich an einem anderen als dem von ihnen gewünschten Lebens- und Arbeitsort aufzuhalten.“[1] Deswegen unterscheidet sich „Migration“ von „Exil“ dadurch, dass sie freiwillige Auswanderung ist. Bereits in der Antike und auch im Mittelalter gab es Schriftsteller, die vor Zensur oder politischer Verfolgung ins Exil geflohen sind, wie zum Beispiel der griechische Satiriker des 

Post-structural critical studies highlighted the importance of studying the texts surrounding the text as an important part in the process of receiving and understanding texts, and although this topic was dealt with by the ancient Arabs and Europeans, interest in it appeared clearly after the appearance of Gerard Genet's book (SEUILS), which separated it Text Thresholds. Or what he called paratexte, and dealt with them with interest as he reads them on books. With the development of semiotic studies, interest in paratexte studies began in a broader way and in various literary and non-literary texts, including journalistic texts. And since specialized magazines are one of the press releases that enjoy their privacy in terms of topics and

It is from the greatness of God Almighty and from him that he facilitated for me to delve into the immersion of the hadith of the Prophet in my doctoral dissertation, then I found it a fertile ground for the cultivation of scientific results.
Through this work, I chose the topic (Replies of Al-Aini to Ibn Malik in his book Umdat Al-Qari Sharh Sahih Al-Bukhari) because of its scientific impact, as such topics inspire in the soul of the follower and the student a lot of contemplation and great care to understand the texts and then come up with a result that is almost close. It is correct, and my current situation in this research is the condition of many scholars, not without errors and omissions. Whatever was correct is by the grace of

Education around the world has been negatively affected by the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Many institutions had to transition to distance learning in compliance with the enforced safety measures. Distance learning might work well for settings with stable internet connections, professional technical teams, and basic implementation of technology in education. In contrast, distance learning faces serious challenges in less fortunate settings with inferior infrastructure. This report aims to shed light on the immediate action steps taken at a leading pharmacy school in Iraq to accommodate for the enforced changes in pharmacy education. The University of Baghdad College of Pharmacy went from less than minimal technology impl

Antibiotic resistance is a problem of deep scientific concern both in hospital and community settings. Rapid detection in clinical laboratories is essential for the judicious recognition of antimicrobial resistant organisms. So, the growth of Uropathgenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) isolates with Multidrug-resistant (MDR) and Extensively Drug-resistant (XDR) profiles that thwart therapy for (UTIs) has been detected and has straight squeezed costs and extended hospital stays. This study aims to detect MDR- and XDR-UPEC isolates. Out of 42 UPEC clinical isolates were composed from UTI patients. The bacterial strains were recognized by standard laboratory protocols. Susceptibility to antibiotic was measured by the standard disk diffusi

backround: job satisfaction greatly determines the productivity and efficiency of human resorces for health job satisfaction in said to be linked with employees work environment 

job resposibilties and time pressure among various health professionals

A Factorial Study for separation anxiety in students, of Baghdad City

Objective(s): To assess the behavior that impedes the eating of children with autism spectrum disorders in Baghdad city, and find out the relationships between the behaviors that impede eating of autistic children and their demographic characteristics.
Methodology: The study started from the period of 16th September 2019 to the 16th of March 2020. A non-probability (purposive) sample of 80 children with autism spectrum disorders was selected. The questionnaire was designed and composed of two parts: the first part includes the autistic children demographic data, the second part includes scales of behavior that impede eating followed by parents towards autistic child. The reliability of the questionnaire was determined through a pilot

Abstract

The research aims to stand on the practice of operations management of solid waste in the city of Hilla, carried out by the mayor of Hilla Directorate - solid and the environment Waste Division, through field visits and personal interview to officials of the municipal departments and units of its data collection and information related to solid waste, and assess the current status of the processes of collection and transport waste through the questionnaire that had been prepared for citizens and employees, the search reach a set of conclusions was the most important, operations carried out by the municipality of Hilla Directorate only limited to two (collection, transportation and disposal of wa

The aim of this study is to look at  the potential of a  local sustainable energy network in  a pre-existing context to develop a novel design beneficial to the environment. Nowadays, the concept of smart cities is still in the developmental phase/stage   andwe are currently residing in a transitional period, therefore it is very important to discover new solutions that show direct benefits the people may get from  transforming their city from a traditional to a smart city. Using experience and knowledge of successful projects in various European and non-European smart cities, this study attempts to demonstrate the practical potential of gradually moving existing cities to t