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320 Gbps Free Space Optic Communication System Deploying Ultra Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing and Polarization Mode Division Multiplexing
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Abstract<p>This work aims to investigate the integrated ultra-dense wavelength division multiplexing (UDWDM) and polarization division multiplexing (PDM) schemes incorporated in the free space optic (FSO) communication system. Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) are used as post and pre-amplifiers in the proposed UDWDM–PDM–FSO system to boost the transmission power for increasing the distance. Thirty-two channels are transported over the FSO link to realize the total data transmission of 160 and 320 Gbps with 0.08 and 0.1 nm channel spacing, respectively. Results are also reported with non-return to zero modulation schemes. The performance of the proposed UDWDM–PDM–FSO transmission system is measured in terms of bit error rate (BER) and eye diagrams. The transmission distances are 100 and 87 km under clear weather and have acceptable BERs with 0.08 and 0.1 nm channel spacing, respectively. The weather conditions may worsen due to the increase in atmospheric turbulence. Hence, the transmission distances decrease to 3.93 and 2.6 km for heavy rain weather conditions. The UDWDM–PDM–FSO communication system exhibits an excellent performance due to the use of EDFAs with high achievable maximum distance and good and acceptable BER performance. The UDWDM–PDM–FSO communication system considerably enhances the transmission distance compared with the UDWDM–FSO communication system.</p>
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Publication Date
Sat Jun 30 2007
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Perinatal out come of Breech Presentation in the Presentation in the Pretext Mode of Delivery
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Objectives: To choose the best mode of delivery
for term, frank or complete, breech presentation
through studying the perinatal outcome of each mode of
delivery decided when managing a group of pregnant
ladies presented with breech delivery in our centre.
Methods: One hundred and fifty pregnant ladies
presented at term with singleton, frank or complete,
breech presentation for delivery in our centre during the
period from May 2004 toAugust 2005.
Mode of delivery, parity, gestational age, maternal age,
maternal medical illness, and birth weight where the
variables that have been tested in each delivery
included in the study to verify their relationship to
perinatal outcome.
Results: No significant

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 31 2017
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Active Vibration Suppression of Smart Cantilever Beam with Sliding Mode Observer Using Two Piezoelectric Patches
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This paper presents a vibration suppression control design of cantilever beam using two piezoelectric ‎patches. One patch was used as ‎an actuator element, while the other was used as a sensor. The controller design was designed via the balance realization reduction method to elect the reduced order model that is most controllable and observable. ‎the sliding mode observer was designed to estimate six states from the reduced order model but three states are only used in the control law. Estimating a number of states larger than that used is in order to increase the estimation accuracy. Moreover, the state ‎estimation error is proved bounded. An ‎optimal LQR controller is designed then using the ‎estimated states with the slid

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 01 2017
Journal Name
2017 11th Asian Control Conference (ascc)
Super-twisting based integral sliding mode control applied to a rotary flexible joint robot manipulator
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In this paper, a single link flexible joint robot is used to evaluate a tracking trajectory control and vibration reduction by a super-twisting integral sliding mode (ST-ISMC). Normally, the system with joint flexibility has inevitably some uncertainties and external disturbances. In conventional sliding mode control, the robustness property is not guaranteed during the reaching phase. This disadvantage is addressed by applying ISMC that eliminates a reaching phase to ensure the robustness from the beginning of a process. To design this controller, the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) controller is first designed as the nominal control to decide a desired performance for both tracking and vibration responses. Subsequently, discontinuous con

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 01 2022
Journal Name
Case Studies In Thermal Engineering
Comparative assessment of the performance and combustion attributes of a free piston linear generator fuelled with CNG and CNG-CO2
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Publication Date
Thu Jun 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Huazhong University Of Science And Technology [medical Sciences]
New mini dental implant attachments versus O-ring attachment after cyclic aging: Analysis of retention strength and gap space
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Publication Date
Tue Dec 15 2020
Journal Name
Al-academy
Acculturation and its Evolutionary Tendency in the Design of the Prayer Space Elements / Niche – A model: آلاء طالب كريم
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The peculiarity of worship spaces in the Islamic architecture is evident by its symbolic connotations with doctrinal connections, thus the niche has a major status in that symbolic connotation, which transformed due to the cultural interaction from a rock on the wall directed towards Mecca into an element of integrated structural entity with performative and aesthetic characteristics. The spread of the Islamic religion contributed to subjecting it to a design acculturation process, thus the problem of the research was raised by the following question: has the evolutionary tendency of acculturation been able to effect a major transformation in the niche design? The research aims at identifying the design acculturation and its translation

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Publication Date
Fri Sep 15 2023
Journal Name
Al-academy
The effectiveness of change and transformation of formal displacement in the internal space (historical passenger stations as a model)
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Intellectual and material displacement is one of the design strategies through many mechanisms and means, and depends on the idea of changing the shape within the internal spaces at times and has concepts related to the transformation at other times. And represented by the boxes for travelers, the research problem emerged through the following question: (What is the effectiveness of displacement in the formal structures in the interior design of historical sites), and the aim of the study is to reveal the reality of the use of historical internal spaces and to determine the formal displacement that occurs as a result of change and transformation, and it included two topics, the first topic Transformation and the effectiveness of formal d

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 30 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Numerical and Analytical Solutions of Space-Time Fractional Partial Differential Equations by Using a New Double Integral Transform Method
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  This work discusses the beginning of fractional calculus and how the Sumudu and Elzaki transforms are applied to fractional derivatives. This approach combines a double Sumudu-Elzaki transform strategy to discover analytic solutions to space-time fractional partial differential equations in Mittag-Leffler functions subject to initial and boundary conditions. Where this method gets closer and closer to the correct answer, and the technique's efficacy is demonstrated using numerical examples performed with Matlab R2015a.

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 01 2023
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Existence of Fixed Points for Expansive Mappings in Complete Strong Altering JS-metric space
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The paper aims at initiating and exploring the concept of extended metric known as the Strong Altering JS-metric, a stronger version of the Altering JS-metric. The interrelation of Strong Altering JS-metric with the b-metric and dislocated metric has been analyzed and some examples have been provided. Certain theorems on fixed points for expansive self-mappings in the setting of complete Strong Altering JS-metric space have also been discussed.

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 06 2010
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Algebraic Coincidence Periods Of Self – Maps Of A Rational Exterior Space Of Rank 2
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Let f and g be a self – maps of a rational exterior space . A natural number m is called a minimal coincidence period of maps f and g if f^m and g^m have a coincidence point which is not coincidence by any earlier iterates. This paper presents a complete description of the set of algebraic coincidence periods for self - maps of a rational exterior space which has rank 2 .

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