The current research aims to identify the degree to which a sample of managers in public organizations appreciated the level of application of the service leadership style from their point of view, and its relationship to the customer satisfaction index in light of the (Covid-19) pandemic, to achieve this, the researcher followed the experimental approach by applying a questionnaire that included two axes, The first: to measure the level of service leadership according to the scale (D. Van Dierendonck and I. Nuijten, 2011), which includes (8) dimensions (empowerment, stand back, accountability, courage, forgiveness, Authenticity, humility, stewardship). The second axis: to measure the level of customer satisfaction according to (Askim, 2004: 417), which includes four dimensions: (customer service - customer satisfaction Preparing and implementing the service plan - processing the actual service (and it includes (12) paragraphs, the questionnaire was distributed to (92) respondents from managers in public organizations who were chosen randomly, and the results showed that the degree of evaluation of the research sample for their level of application of service leadership was average at a relative weight of 73 .05%, and that the level of customer satisfaction was below the average with a relative weight of 61.33%. Also, the service leadership style had a significant impact on the customer satisfaction index. And the existence of a direct relationship between the degree of appreciation of the sample members for the level of service leadership and the degree of their appreciation The level of customer satisfaction, as the correlation coefficient was 0.468, and that there are differences between the average scores of the sample members ’assessment of the level of servant leadership due to the variable (gender), while there are no significant differences in the level of customer satisfaction between females and males, and the study recommended that the priorities of the general business agenda include focus on the requirements of awareness of the importance of the commitment of managers of public organizations to the characteristics of servant leadership to ensure the achievement of a high index (customer satisfaction)
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Mr. Talib Al-Rifai embarked on his political journey at an early stage, engaging in Islamic activism at the age of twenty-two in 1953. During this period, he established strong connections with numerous figures and members affiliated with Sunni Islamic parties, which expanded his sphere of influence and social network. Despite his close interaction with these organizations, he was careful to maintain his independence and avoided formal affiliation with any specific party or organized movement. Al-Rifai distinguished himself by his ability to engage with diverse Islamic currents while maintaining his intellectual independence, which provided him with significant flexibility and enabled him to cultivate a broad network of relationshi
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Pots experiment was conducted at the greenhouse of botanical garden belong to Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure Science, Ibn-AL-Haithum, University of Baghdad, for growth season 2018-2019. The aim of the experiment was to study the effects of foliar application of a-tocopherol concentrations (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 mg.L-1) on growth parameters and the activity of some antioxidant enzymes of wheat plant irrigated with sodium chloride concentrations (0, 75, 150, 225) mM.L-1. Salinity reduced plant growth parameter, plant height, flag leaf area, flag leaf chlorophyll content and increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase and peroxidase. Plant growth parameters were enhanced by foliar application of a-t
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In this paper, a miniaturized 2 × 2 electro-optic plasmonic Mach– Zehnder switch (MZS) based on metal–polymer–silicon hybrid waveguide is presented. Adiabatic tapers are designed to couple the light between the plasmonic phase shifter, implemented in each of the MZS arms, and the 3-dB input/output directional couplers. For 6 µm-long hybrid plasmonic waveguide supported by JRD1 polymer (r33= 390 pm/V), a π-phase shift voltage of 2 V is obtained. The switch is designed for 1550 nm operation wavelength using COMSOL software and characterizes by 2.3 dB insertion loss, 9.9 fJ/bit power consumption, and 640 GHz operation bandwidth
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Background: Multidrug-resistant (MDR) enterococci have become a major problem in recent times and have been reported increasingly around the world. Lytic phages infect bacteria leading to rapid host death with limited risk of phage transduction, underlining the increasing interest in potential phage therapy in the future. Objective (s): The aim of this study is to use phage therapy as alternative approach for treatment of Enterococcus faecalis infections that recorded as MDR in Iraq to tackle this problem. Materials and Methods: Thirty E. faecalis isolates were collected from patients with different infectious diseases such as urinary tract infection (UTI), diabetic foot, septicemia, and wound infections. The isolation of specific l
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This paper aims to study the effect of circular Y-shaped fin arrangement to improve the low thermal response rates of a double-tube heat exchanger containing Paraffin phase change material (PCM). ANSYS software is employed to perform the computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations of the heat exchanger, including fluid flow, heat transfer, and the phase change process. The optimum state of the fin configuration is derived through sensitivity analysis by evaluating the geometrical parameters of the Y-shaped fin. For the same height of the fins (10 mm), the solidification time is reduced by almost 22%, and the discharging rate is enhanced by almost 26% using Y-shaped fins compared with the straight fins. The results demonstrate that the sol
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