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Optimal Economic Design of Diversion Structures during Construction of a Dam by Particle Swarm Optimization
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Diverting river flow during construction of a main dam involves the construction of cofferdams, and tunnels, channels or other temporary passages. Diversion channels are commonly used in wide valleys where the high flow makes tunnels or culverts uneconomic. The diversion works must form part of the overall project design since it will have a major impact on its cost, as well as on the design, construction program and overall cost of the permanent works. Construction costs contain of excavation, lining of the channel, and construction of upstream and downstream cofferdams. The optimization model was applied to obtain optimalchannel cross section, height of upstream cofferdam, and height of downstream cofferdamwith minimum construction costs for diversion works which is solved by PSO method using MATLAB. The optimization model was applied to prepare the optimal design graphs.It can be noticed, at any design flowrate, optimalwater flow depth, bed width, and height of upstream and downstream cofferdams decrease with increase of the side-slope. Also, it can be observed, at any design flowrate, the construction cost increases with increase of the side-slope.

Publication Date
Mon Jul 01 2019
Journal Name
J. Pharm. Sci. & Res.
Synthesis of coumarin by Pechman reaction - A Review
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Phenol condensed with β-keto esters via Pechmann condensation to form derivatives of Coumarin in various reaction conditions by two ways. Present paper is comparative study of synthesis Coumarin with the yield of product , reaction time and reaction conditions.

Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of The Mechanical Behavior Of Materials
Identification of the main causes of risks in engineering procurement construction projects
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Abstract<p>Many risks have adverse consequences for construction projects’ objectives such as quality, schedule, and cost. As engineering procurement construction (EPC) contracts gradually become one of the most common types used in implementing major large-scale construction projects, identifying common risk types and analyzing their root causes is important for developing measures to decrease and eliminate future risks in these types of contracts. The information about the main causes of risks was collected <italic>via</italic> well-structured questionnaires addressed to construction sector professionals and preparing lists of main potential risks in EPC/construction projects throu</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Tue Sep 19 2017
Journal Name
Al-academy
The structure of design and technology in the contemporary design in the interior spaces
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The design of the interior spaces process the product of intellectual civilization expresses the prevailing thought, discoverers of principles and beliefs through the sheen reflects the present, and generating languages ​​graphical variety caused a different revolution in design mounting structure, and because of the complex nature of the interior spaces were and we have to be a reflection of cultural reality of being a form of cultural expression and true embodiment of scientific developments prevailing for each stage where she was born, the changes occurring in human thought and then extremism and the discrepancy tastes among individuals all communities factors have caused a change in the design structure involving modernization an

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 15 2023
Journal Name
Romanian Neurosurgery
Delayed intraoperative rupture of clipped aneurysm during the awaking from anaesthesia
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Introduction. Intraoperative rupture (IOR) of an aneurysm is a frightful complication that causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. IOR can be attributed to various parameters, including hypertension, increased intracranial pressure (ICP), fragility of the vessels, and inadequate anaesthesia. IOR due to insufficient anaesthesia is scarcely reported in the literature. Here, we describe a re-ruptured anterior communicating artery (ACoA) after incomplete clipping of the neck during craniotomy closure due to unintended early wake-up from anaesthesia with a discussion about the management. Case description. A 38-year-old male suddenly developed a severe headache, a brief loss of consciousness, and vomiting. Computed tomogr

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Publication Date
Thu Apr 14 2022
Journal Name
Plos One
The passage of time in Iraq during the covid-19 pandemic
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The covid-19 global pandemic has influenced the day-to-day lives of people across the world. One consequence of this has been significant distortion to the subjective speed at which people feel like time is passing. To date, temporal distortions during covid-19 have mainly been studied in Europe. The current study therefore sought to explore experiences of the passage of time in Iraq. An online questionnaire was used to explore the passage of time during the day, week and the 11 months since the first period of covid-19 restrictions were imposed in Iraq. The questionnaire also measured affective and demographic factors, and task-load. The results showed that distortions to the passage of time were widespread in Iraq. Participants co

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Publication Date
Wed Aug 31 2022
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Cervical Pain Related to Position of the Neck during E-Learning
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Background: During the pandemic, Corona virus forced many people, especially students, to spend more time than before on the computer and smartphone to study and communicate. The poor posture of the body may have worse effect on its body parts , most of which is the cervical spine (forward head posture). Objective: To assess the incidence of neck pain and the associated factors among undergraduate medical students related to position during E learning Subjects and Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students in three Iraqi universities during 2021. The sample size was 152. Online questionnaire by Google forms sampling method were used to collect the data which was analysed using SPSS 25. Results: The perce

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Publication Date
Wed Aug 31 2022
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Cervical Pain Related to Position of the Neck during E-Learning
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Background: During the pandemic, Corona virus forced many people, especially students, to spend more time than before on the computer and smartphone to study and communicate. The poor posture of the body may have worse effect on its body parts , most of which is the cervical spine (forward head posture).

Objective: To assess the incidence of neck pain and the associated factors among undergraduate medical students related to position during E learning

Subjects and Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students in three Iraqi universities during 2021. The sample size w

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 01 2010
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Technical methodology balanced performance as a strategic framework for the economic units operating in the Iraqi industrial sector environment
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facing economic units operating in the environment sector of the Iraqi

industrial many pressures in its seeking to measure and evaluate its performance because of variables, today's corporate environment, as the case which makes looking for a methodology can be adopted to evaluate its performance with a more holistic, rather than being limited to traditional measures that are no longer enough to keep pace with rapid changes in today's corporate environment, which requires that measures of performance are derived from the strategy of unity and commensurate with the specificity of the environment in Iraq. Try searching discussion Ttormwhrat and performance measurement systems to suit the business strategies and directions of change

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Publication Date
Thu Sep 19 2019
Journal Name
Engineering, Construction And Architectural Management
Influential safety technology adoption predictors in construction
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Purpose

Existing literature suggests that construction worker safety could be optimized using emerging technologies. However, the application of safety technologies in the construction industry is limited. One reason for the constrained adoption of safety technologies is the lack of empirical information for mitigating the risk of a failed adoption. The purpose of this paper is to fill the research gap through identifying key factors that predict successful adoption of safety technologies.

Design/methodology/approach

In total, 26 key technology adoption predictors

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 14 2023
Journal Name
Al-academy
Luxury in jewelry design
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The current research dealt with the presence of ornaments and jewelry since ancient times، which express the social، religious or emotional status of the person who adorns them، in addition to being distinguished by a distinct aesthetic and luxury، that is، in a sense closely related to the social and economic status of people، and we note that jewelry is considered a symbol of luxury and luxury، and hence The need to study luxury appeared in the design of ornaments and jewelry because it refers to the adornment elements that are made of metals and precious stones، which actually indicate signs of status or position that distinguish social classes from each other. The problem was identified by the following question: Determine th

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