Background: Waterpipe and cigarette are two products of tobacco consumption, tobacco use has detrimental effects on the oral cavity, numerous studies around the world have reported a significant relationship between smoking and increase dental caries and viable count of cariogenic bacteria, Materials and Methods: unstimulated saliva was collected from 84 subjects and divided equally into three groups waterpipe smokers, cigarette smokers, and non-smokers all of the participants are adult male aged between 25-60 years, dental caries was measured by use DMFT index, while S.mutans and S.sobrinus were isolated by using a selective medium SB 20M (Sugar bacitracin-20 modified) agar Results: this present study showed a significant (p≤0.01)

Four complexes of Co(II),Ni(II),Cu(II) and Zn(II) with the azo ligand (4-chloro-N-(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)-5-((2-hydroxy- 4,6-dimethylphenol)diazenyl)-2-methoxybenzamide) L. The structure of ligand and complexes were confirmed on the basis of their analytical and spectral data, these dyes were tested as dyeing in cotton fabric, and also testing in light and cleaner firmness. Also, antimicrobial and antifungal activities of ligand and their complexes were evaluated and the results showed that the ZnL compound showed the higher antibacterial activity with inhibition zone of 13mm against Staphyloco-ccus epidermidis, Steptococcus sp. and Escherichia coli compared with ligand and other metal complexes .In case of ZnL compound the antifungal acti

Four complexes of Co(II),Ni(II),Cu(II) and Zn(II) with the azo ligand (4-chloro-N-(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)-5-((2-hydroxy-4,6-dimethylphenol)diazenyl)-2-methoxybenzamide) L. The structure of ligand and complexes were confirmed on the basis of their analytical and spectral data, these dyes were tested as dyeing in cotton fabric, and also testing in light and cleaner firmness. Also, antimicrobial and antifungal activities of ligand and their complexes were evaluated and the results showed that the ZnL compound showed the higher antibacterial activity with inhibition zone of 13mm against Staphyloco-ccus epidermidis, Steptococcus sp. and Escherichia coli compared with ligand and other metal complexes .In case of ZnL compound the antifungal activ

Introduction: Dental pulp tissue contains many undifferentiated mesenchymal cells, which have the ability to differentiate into different specialized cells. Induced pluripotent stem cells have been developed by various growth factors. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of application of a combination BMP2/TGF β1 as capped material for traumatic pulp in osteoporotic rat. Materials and Methods: Twelfth female rats (6 normal rat and other 6 osteoporotic rat)., their maxillary anterior teeth subjected to mechanical traumatized pulptomy, the left tooth has speared without treatment, while the right tooth capped with application of 0.5 μl of BMP2 and 0.5μl of TGF β1 .Evaluation of histological changes includes scoring of pu

A field experiment is conducted to study the effect of different levels of peat (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 Mg ha-1 to uncropped and cropped soil to wheat. Soil samples are taken in different period of time (0, 3, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 180 days after cultivation to determine (NaHCO3-Exteractable P at 3 different depths (0-10, 10-20, and 20-30 cm). Field Experiment is conducted in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replicates. Wheat, Al-Rasheed variety, is cultivated as a testing crop. The entire field is equally dived in two divisions. One of the two divisions is cultivated to wheat and the second is left uncropped. The effect of five levels of peat namely 0, 25, 50, 75, 100 Mg ha-1 is investigated. Soils are fully analyzed

The performance quality and searching speed of Block Matching (BM) algorithm are affected by shapes and sizes of the search patterns used in the algorithm. In this paper, Kite Cross Hexagonal Search (KCHS) is proposed. This algorithm uses different search patterns (kite, cross, and hexagonal) to search for the best Motion Vector (MV). In first step, KCHS uses cross search pattern. In second step, it uses one of kite search patterns (up, down, left, or right depending on the first step). In subsequent steps, it uses large/small Hexagonal Search (HS) patterns. This new algorithm is compared with several known fast block matching algorithms. Comparisons are based on search points and Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR). According to resul