The educational service industry is one of the most negatively affected industries by the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. Government agencies have taken many measures to slow its spread, and then restrict movement and gatherings and stop recreational activities. Furthermore, the repercussions of the curfew had a significant impact due to the interruption in actual attendance for students and employees, and the severity of the Covid-19 crisis and its (economic, social, security, humanitarian and behavioral) effects on all societies and work sectors is no secret to anyone. Iraq, like other countries, was also affected by the negative impact of Covid-19 pandemic in all fields of institutional work, especially public fields, and specifically the field of education, given that It is based on the necessity for the administration to maintain the continuity of workers’ commitment to perform their duties, which raised the possibility of them being exposed to greater levels of pressure and workload due to the requirements to adhere to the new work procedures as specified by the crisis cell, such as full curfew and social distancing measures to preserve health, and since workers represent the lifeline of any an organization, managing and dealing with them was considered to be highly important because despite the lack of material and financial resources in business, employees remain one of the key assets that administrations of organizations must take care of and ensure the quality of their practical life and careers, not only during crises but at all times, by striving to satisfy them in order to maintain their organizational loyalty. These changes in work methods and procedures have likely had an impact on the performance and commitment of employees. Therefore, employee satisfaction has become one of the important topics that need examination and testing in light of crises in general and the COVID-19 crisis in particular. The global health crisis forced institutions to expedite the formulation of plans and a response strategy with little guidance as a result of the unprecedented nature of the epidemic, and then there was an impact on the predetermined factors that might have affected the satisfaction of employees in various institutions, especially service institutions whose work required them to continue providing services and complete work. In addition, the previously less relevant factors have become prevalent due to the nature of the pandemic; for example, the topics of job insecurity, unemployment and health risks have been identified as the most serious consequences of the epidemic globally. This research came to examine the level of job satisfaction of employees working in the educational institution (the University of Baghdad as a model) and its relationship to the degree of their organizational loyalty in light of the COVID 19 pandemic based on the knowledge generated by reviewing the literature that was used to identify the key factors that affect employee’s satisfaction and hence the degree of loyalty to his\her organization, and the foundational idea that employee’s satisfaction affects the overall performance level of the organization is based on several factors, including the degree of employee loyalty and devotion to work, thus, maintaining an adequate level of job satisfaction for employees is one of the key factors in maintaining effective organizational performance for any organization. In light of the changes that took place in the methods and procedures of institutional work in light of the COVID-19 pandemic, it became important to unveil the positive and negative factors that affected the job satisfaction of employees and then their organizational loyalty to achieve further organizational progress and improvement and then improve the overall performance of the organization. thus came this research to focus on analyzing the relationship between employee satisfaction and organizational loyalty during the COVID-19 pandemic, and for that reason, we developed questionnaires to identify job satisfaction and organizational loyalty at the job level for employees of the educational institution, the University of Baghdad (Colleges of Education for Girls and Science for Girls) in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study included (279) employees from the Colleges of Education for Girls and the College of Science for Girls, with a rate of (135) (144) employees, respectively. Employee satisfaction was considered an independent variable, and organizational loyalty was considered a dependent variable. Reliability tests, correlation analysis and regression were conducted to prove the research hypotheses, and the results of the research showed that satisfied employees tend to be more loyal and devoted to the organization and contribute positively to improving organizational performance. Furthermore, at the time of the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, employees in the field of educational services at the University of Baghdad.
The research is exposed to the concept of rough discourse in contemporary theater with a critical reading that takes the genealogical work as a starting point in deconstructing the references of rough discourse and pursuing its paths in the civilization and cultural framework and how it identifies aesthetically within the theatrical field and the extents of its procedural treatments in order to reveal it and clarify its limits and representations, as the research included the first chapter. (methodological framework), the second chapter (theoretical framework), which included two sections, the first took place under the title (rough dramatization), while the second topic took place under the title (rough drama), and the second chapter re
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The main objective of the research is to identify the role of strategic training and its effect on enhancing the self-growth of the individual. Stratigic training represents a contemporary tendency. that is adopted by business organizations in carrying out their activities and tasks.
It is worth to mention, that self-growth of the individual is one of the indictors used to determine the ability of organization to a achieve its goals.
The problem of the research has pointed out to the minimum awareness of the important role played by training strategy in enhancing the self-growth of the individual. The researcher has adopted an analytical approach, in collecting and analyses
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Objective: The study aims to determine the effectiveness of the continuing nursing education
program on nursing staffs knowledge in kidney transplantation unit and to find out the relationship
between nursing staffs knowledge and demographic characteristics (age, gender, education level, and
years of experiences in kidney transplantation unit).
Methodology: A quasiexperemental design (One-group Pretest - Posttest design) was carried out in
kidney transplantation units at Baghdad Teaching Hospitals, from December 2011 to July 2012. A nonprobability
(purposive sample) of (16) nurses were selected from kidney transplant units at Baghdad
teaching hospitals, the choice was based on the study criteria. The data were collec
In this study 737 stool specimens were collected from people attending some primary health care centres and hospitals in North of Baghdad, during the period from beginning of April 2009 till the end of March 2010. Different factors were examined to be related with the prevalence of Cryptosporidiosis which were (number of family member, travelling history, source of drinking water and domestic animal present). Significant relations (p≤0.05) were observed between infection rate and the following factor: -Number of family member: The high percentage of Cryptosporidium spp positive cases were seen in families composed of (15-19) and (more than 20) individual which were 28.32% and 16.37% respectively when compared with other family clusters -T
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In the midst of political, cultural and economic fast developments accelerated, the world witnessed, with the accompanied big communication revolutions, many shapes of powers. Those developments were followed by changes in relations of international level.
The most prominent among those developments was the international public relations which became equal to official international relations. Moreover, the international public relations became a complementary element dur to the growth of public opinion and its affection on political regime. Such growth of public opinion pushed the politicians to address it; and try to gain its support.
The US was the first realized the importance of international public relations. Th
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Our research sheds light on one of the most important aspects of David Grossman's play, "Ricky's Garden, גן ריקי " which is characterized by its realistic portrayal of characters. Grossman gradually moves towards the inner awareness of his characters, expressing their emotions and thoughts through conversations and emotional conflicts, referring to their past and rooted background. Grossman transformed the main subject of his play (psychological depth) into a presentation and arrangement of all the elements of the play in a way that expresses emotional nature more powerfully by each child in the garden. This is reflected in their actions and words, making Grossman's works suitable for study and always of interest to specialized resear
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Academic chemical laboratories (ACL) are considered public places the employees come in contact with a variety of pollutants. The aim of the current study was to detect heavy metals levels in the indoor air of ACL in two universities in Baghdad city and assess their levels in the academic employees’ scalp hair as biomarkers. Air samples inside ACL were collected to detect Fe, Cd, Zn, Pb and Cu. Scalp hair samples were collected from 40 adult chemical laboratory employees aged 30-60 years, who worked 5 days/week for 6 hours a day. Personal information relating to employees such as age, duration of exposure, smoking habit and sex, was collected as a questionnaire. The results of this study concluded that academic laboratory employ
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The research discusses the most important goals and means of IGAD in making peace in Sudan and then regional peace.