Husbands’ violence towards their wives is one of the greatly important issues in social sciences. Accordingly, the current study aims at determining the levels of violence practiced by husbands towards their wives to propose a professional program from the perspective of the general practice of social work to overcome such a phenomenon. The study is descriptive in nature, where the researcher has used a comprehensive social survey method. To achieve the goal of the study, the researcher has prepared a questionnaire that consisted of two parts. The first part contains the primary data of the two sections, and the second contains (38) phrases distributed over four axes to measure the levels and types of violence among the sample’s memb

Background: The interest in herbal extracts as antimicrobial agents has increased over the past few years in endodontic therapy. Nasturtium officinale (watercress) is a promising plant with great medicinal values. This study aimed to investigate the antifungal activity of watercress oil in combination with calcium hydroxide against Candida albicans as intracanal medicament. Materials and Methods: Candida albicans was isolated from patients with necrotic root canal or failed root canal treatment. The sensitivity of Candida albicans to different concentrations of watercress oil extract was determined by using the agar well diffusion method in comparison with calcium hydroxide paste. The agar plate method was used to determine the minimum fung

Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) were synthesized by two methods. The first was chemical method by using copper nitrate Cu (NO3)2 and NaOH, while the second was green method by using Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaves extract and Cu (NO3)2. These methods easily give a large scale production of CuO nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD) reveals single phase monoclinic structure. The average crystalline size of CuO NPs was measured and used by Scherrer equation which found 44.06nm from chemical method, while the average crystalline size was found from green method was 27.2nm. The morphology analysis using atomic force microscopy showed that the grain size for CuO NPs was synthesized by chemical and green methods were 77.70 and 89.24

Background: Dental implant considers a unique treatment option for the replacement of missing dentition. The new trend of implants is looking for materials which accelerate bone formation in bone implant interface and enhance osseointegration to provide immediate loading directly after placement and decrease the time period which is disturbs patients and uncomfortable. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of nano zirconium oxide (ZrO2) and nano hydroxyapatite (Hap) mixture coating of screw shaped commercially pure titanium (cpTi) implants on bond strength at the bone implant interface with torque removal test and histological analysis in comparison with non coated implants. Materials and methods: Forty screws were machined from c

Background: the condition of hallux valgus is considered as the most common deformities affecting females more than males, characteristically manifested as lateral deviation of the big toe and widening of first and second inter -metatarsal angle with a deformity of second toe in some severe cases. Objective: to make a radiological and clinical assessment of two surgical methods of osteotomy used in treatment of hallux valgu and to compare between them: first one is the distal dome osteotomy, and second one is a distal wedge metatarsal osteotomy. Patients and methods: a total of 36 feet of 28 patients suffer from hallux valgus, with mean age of 50.3 years were included in this study, followed for 6- 30 months ( mean follow-up of 8.8 months).

Background: The Apgar score is calculated based on the five features: heart rate, reflexes, color, muscle tone, and respiratory effort. Each element is scored from 0 to 2, with a total probable score of 10 at 1 minute and 5 minute. Aim: To study the influence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and diabetes mellitus on APGAR score in neonate. Materials and methods: The samples were studied from Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in Al-Imamain Al-Kadhimiyain (AS) Medical city, Baghdad Teaching Hospital and Al-Karkh Maternity Hospital in the period between 1 December 2016 and 1 may 2017, after obtaining the approval from Iraqi Ministry of Health. A total of 102 neonates were included in this study which includes 34 neonates of mother

A simplified theoretical comparison of the hydrogen chloride (HCl) and hydrogen fluoride (HF) chemical lasers is presented by using computer program. The program is able to predict quantitative variations of the laser characteristics as a function of rotational and vibrational quantum number. Lasing is assumed to occur in a Fabry-Perot cavity on vibration-rotation transitions between two vibrational levels of hypothetical diatomic molecule. This study include a comprehensive parametric analysis that indicates that the large rotational constant of HF laser in comparison with HCl laser makes it relatively easy to satisfy the partial inversion criterion. The results of this computer program proved their credibility when compared with th

New 1,2,4-triazole derivatives of 2-mercaptobenzimidazole (MB) are reported. Ethyl (benzimidazole-2-yl thio) acetate (1) has been prepared by condensing 2-mercaptobenzimidazole with ethylchloroacetate. The ester (1) on reacting with hydrazine hydrate gave the corresponding acetohydrazide(2)which was reacted separately with phenylisocyanate and phenylisothiocyanate, followed by ring closure in an alkaline medium giving 3-[(benzimidazole-2-yl thio) methyl]-4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazole-5-ol and 3-[(benzimidazole-2-yl thio) methyl]-4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazole-5-thiol respectively (6,7). Reaction of acetohydrazide (2) with CS2 and ethanol/KOH, gave dithiocarbazate salt (8). Cyclization of (8) with hydrazine hydrate gave 3-[(benzimi

In this work 2-hydrazino pyrimidine (1) was prepared from 2-mercapto pyrimidine with hydrazine hydrate. Treatment of (1) with active methylene compounds gave 2-(3,5-dimethyl -1 H – Pyrazole-1-yl) pyrimidine , whereas the reaction of (1) with carboxylic anhydride namely maleic anhydride or 1,2,3,6-tetra hydro phthalic anhydride yielded 1-Pyrimidine-2-yl-1,2-dihydro pyridazine-3,6-dione (3) and 2 – Pyrimidin -2-yl -2,3,4 a ,5,8 a – hexahydro phthalazine 1,4 – dione (4) . Reaction of (1) with phenyl isothiocyanate and ethyl chloro acetate afforded 3-Phenyl-1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione-2( pyrimidine -2- yl hydrazone (6) Azomethine (7-10) were prepared through condensation of (1) with aromatic aldehydes or ketones, then comp

New series of 2-mecapto benzoxazole derivatives (1-20) incorporated into fused to different nitrogen and suphur containing heterocyclic were prepared from 2-meracpto benzoxazole, when treated with hydrazine hydrate to afford 2-hydrazino benzoxazol (1). Compound (1) converted to a variety of pyridazinone andphthalazinone derivatives (2-4) by reaction with different carboxylic anhydride. Also, reaction of (1) with phenyl isothiocyanate and ethyl chloro acetate afforded 3-phenyl-1,3-thiazolidin-2,4-dione-2-(benzoxazole-2-yl-hydrazone) (6). Azomethines (7-10) were prepared through reaction of (1) with aromatic aldehyde, then (7, 8) converted to thaizolidinone derivatives (11, 12). Treatment of (1) with active methylene compounds afforded deriva