Abstract
The use of electronic valves is commonly available. yet, the most
common is the techniques of communications as prod casting transmitter that
are used by these valves in addition to their use in communication tools as far
distance telephone, electronic measuring techniques , and others.
In this study, an attempt is endeavored for improving the efficiency of the
vacuum micro- valves(GI-19b) through activating their internal surfaces by the
use of ionic pumping which is used for treating valves which are out of order
(because of sedimentation some materials and oxide on its poles). The
existence of these materials and oxide increase the sum of current leakage
moving in between. The use of ionic pumpin

The purpose of my thesis is to prepare four new ligands (L1-L4) that have been ‎used to prepare a series of metal complexes by reacting them with metal ions:‎ ‎ M=(Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II), Hg(II) ‎ ‎ Where succinyl chloride was used as a raw material for the preparation of ‎bi-dented ligands (L1-L4) by reacting it with potassium thiocyanate as a first ‎step and then reacting with (2-aminobenzothiazole, Benzylamine, 4-‎aminoantipyrine, Sulfamethoxazole) respectively as a second step with the use ‎of dry acetone as a solvent, the chemical formula of the four ligands prepared in ‎succession:‎ N1,N4-bis(benzo[d]thiazol-2-ylcarbamothioyl)succinamide (L1)‎ N1,N4-bis(benzylcarbamothioyl)succinami

Copper is a cheaper alternative to various noble metals with a range of potential applications in the field of nanoscience and nanotechnology. However, copper nanoparticles have major limitations, which include rapid oxidation on exposure to air. Therefore, alternative pathways have been developed to synthesize metal nanoparticles in the presence of polymers and surfactants as stabilizers, and to form coatings on the surface of nanoparticles. These surfactants and polymeric ligands are made from petrochemicals which are non- renewable. As fossil resources are limited, finding renewable and biodegradable alternative is promising.The study aimed at preparing, characterizing and evaluating the antibacterial properties of copper nanoparticle

     This study research to Showing The impact of the integration process on the quality of Insurance service and analyze the impact financially to determine whether there is any impact on the quality of the insurance service, in addition to identifying the obstacles that impede the merger between the insurance companies, insurance and the appropriate proposals for its' application and benefit from the benefits achieved.

The importance of The study lies in the fact that it is an important and vital spotlight that is becoming increasingly important in the world to confront the various difficulties and crises that have occurred  recently in light of the liberalization of international trade, globalization a

The objective of the study: To diagnose the reality of the relationship between the fluctuations in world oil prices and their reflection on the trends of government spending on the various economic sectors.

The research found: that public expenditures contribute to the increase of national consumption through the purchase of consumer goods by the state for the performance of the state's duties or the payment of wages to employees in the public sector and thus have a direct impact on national consumption

The results of the standard tests showed that there is no common integration between the oil price fluctuations and the government expenditure on the security sector through the A

The parametric programming considered as type of sensitivity analysis. In this research concerning to study the effect of the variations on linear programming model (objective function coefficients and right hand side) on the optimal solution. To determine the parameter (θ) value (-5≤ θ ≤5).Whereas the result، the objective function equal  zero and the decision variables are non basic، when the parameter (θ = -5).The objective function value increases when the parameter (θ= 5) and the decision variables are basic، with the except of X_24, X₃₄.Whenever the parameter value increase, the objectiv

This research aims to identify the role that forensic accounting plays on the transparency and quality of the financial statements in trade bank of Iraq and the Gulf Commercial Bank in Babylon. This research came to address the problem that most financial institutions suffer from, which is represented by the lack of transparency and the quality of the financial statements issued in a manner. Annual also the manipulation and fraud in the financial data, which causes a big gap between that institutions and organizational stakeholders. According to the implementation of the research hypothesis and the objectives of the research, a questionnaire was prepared consisting of three axes, the first axis dealing with the demographic distri

Background: Listeria monocytogenes, a member of the genus Listeria, is widely distributed in agricultural environments, such as soil, manure and water. The genus of Listeria bacteria is about 15-17 species. It is a pathogenic bacterium that can cause a rare but dangerous infection called listeriosis.

Objectives: Studying the rate of salads contaminated with Listeria bacteria. and Listeria monocytogenes according to International, Arabic and Iraqi specifications and finding the correlation between commitments of restaurants to standard health conditions with contamination with these bacteria

Methods: The study included

The current research aims to identify the multiple intelligences in the fourth students’ acquisition of the literary processes of Arabic grammar and to identify the differences in multiple intelligence according to gender (males - females). The study was determined for students of the fourth literary preparatory Al-Hakim Preparatory (for males) and Rabat Preparatory (for females) of the Second Karkh Education Directorate, topics from the Arabic grammar subject (past tense, present tense, imperative, subject, and object) for the first semester of the academic year 2019-2020. The results showed that there were no statistically significant differences at the significance level (0.05) between the average scores of the students who were tau