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Online column preconcentration for speciation and selective determination of Cr(III) in natural water samples using flow injection with chemiluminescence detection
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Abstract<p>A simple, rapid, sensitive and inexpensive approach is described in this work based on a combination of solid‐phase extraction of 8‐hydroxyquinoline (8HQ), for speciation and preconcentration of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in river water, and the direct determination of these species using a flow injection system with chemiluminescence detection (FI–CL) and a 4‐diethylamino phenyl hydrazine (DEAPH)–hydrogen peroxide system. At different pH, the two forms of chromium [Cr(III) and Cr(VI)] have different exchange capacities for 8HQ, therefore two columns were constructed; the pH of column 1 was adjusted to pH 3 for retaining Cr(III) and column 2 was adjusted to pH 1 for retaining of Cr(VI). The sorbed Cr(III) and Cr(VI) species were eluted from columns using 3.0 ml of 0.1 N of HCl and 3.0 ml of 0.1 N of NaOH, respectively. The flow injection–chemiluminescence (FI–CL) method is based on light emitted due to the oxidation of DEAPH by the H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> in the presence of Cr(III), which catalyzes the reaction. The flow cell is a transparent coiled tube made from glass (2.0 × 4.0, inner and outer diameter) and located close to the photodetector. The flow parameters: flow rate, sample volume, flow cell length, and distance to the CL detector were studied and optimized. Under optimum flow conditions, the Cr(III) concentration can be determined over the range 5–350 μg L<sup>−1</sup> with a limit of detection of 1.2 μg L<sup>−1</sup>, as the Cr(III) concentration is proportional to the intensity of the CL signal. The relative standard deviations (%) for 10 and 50 μg L<sup>−1</sup> Cr(III) were 1.2% and 3.2%, respectively. The effects of Al(III), Cd(II), Zn(II), Hg(II), Pb(II), Co(II), Cu(II), Ni(II), Mn(II), Ca(II), and Fe(III) were investigated. The proposed method is highly selective and sensitive, enabling a rapid determination of the Cr(III) amount in the presence of other interfering metals. Finally, the FI–CL method was examined in five river water samples with excellent recoveries.</p>
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Publication Date
Thu Jan 30 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Removal of Reactive Dyes by Electro Coagulation Process from Aqueous Solution
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The presence of dyes in wastewater has become a major issue all over the world. The discharge of dyes in the environment is concerned for both toxicological and esthetical reasons. In this study, the removal of dyes from aqueous solution by electrocoagulation using aluminum electrodes as cathode and anode were investigated with the electrocoagulation cell of 1litter. The study included: the impact of various operating parameters on the dyes removal efficiency like pH, NaCl concentration, distance between electrodes, voltage, initial dyes concentration and type of electrodes. The dye (congo red) concentrations were (50, 100, 150, and 200 ppm), stirring speed was 120 rpm at room temperature. pH used was maintained constant

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 03 2022
Journal Name
International Education And Culture Studies
A Future Vision of Mathematics Teacher Preparation Program at the Universities
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Publication Date
Thu Feb 15 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Laser
Characterization of Gold Coating on Nanostructured CR39 Polymer as SERS Sensor
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Abstract: The development of highly sensitive sensors has become an efficient field of research. In this work, an ArF Excimer laser of 193 nm with a maximum pulse energy of 275 mJ, 15 ns pulse duration and a repetition rate of 1 Hz is utilized to form a Laser Induced Periodic Surface Structures (LIPSS) of three different morphologies (nanochains, contours, grooves) on surface of CR39 polymer at a fluence range above the ablation threshold (250 mJ/cm2). The laser ablated polymer surface is then Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) activated by deposition of a gold layer of 30 nm thickness. The capability of the produced substrate for surface enhanced Raman scattering is evaluated through thiophenol as an analyte molecule. It is observ

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 07 2014
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Exponential Function of a bounded Linear Operator on a Hilbert Space.
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In this paper, we introduce an exponential of an operator defined on a Hilbert space H, and we study its properties and find some of properties of T inherited to exponential operator, so we study the spectrum of exponential operator e^T according to the operator T.

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 01 2022
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
PRESS COVERAGE OF CRISES: (A Research Drawn from a Doctoral Thesis)
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Media is one of the main and effective factors; and it is a tool of crisis management equipment. Media is one of the most dangerous, effective and decisive weapons in modern conflicts; a tool for making events and influencing their events and trends as a means of reporting as the enormous capabilities of media which help media to move very quickly, and cross borders; and overcome obstacles, through many means of audio, reading and visual. As its ability, moreover, to influence the psychological and intellectual control of communities, and behaviors.

Intelligent media is, then, used in crises management and coverage. Crises have been existed with the presence of man on Earth. Thei

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 27 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Planner And Development
Contemporary formation indicators of free zones cities -Public Free zones models-
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The free zone or the free economy cities are cities with classification and functional specificity, although the history of  the concept of these areas has been It dates back to distant eras, but the intellectual and philosophical construction with the support of intellectual approaches, the most important of which is globalization contributed to its rapid spread globally and taking a variety of forms and models. With the diversity of its formulas and objectives countries have competed in adopting the establishment of these areas, meanwhile The influence of related trends affected the contemporary formation of these sites. Therefore ,the research was directed focus on the importance of adopting a set of common indicators (collection

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 25 2025
Journal Name
Gulf Journal Of Mathematics
CERTAIN RESULTS OF RIEMANN-LIOUVILLE FRACTIONALCALCULUS INVOLVING SEVEN-PARAMETRICMITTAG-LEFFLER FUNCTION
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his analysis aims to establish Riemann-Liouville derivation andintegral operators regarding the recently suggested seven-parameter Mittag-Leffler function then investigates the corresponding special cases. In addition,certain notable results associated with those new operators have been dis-cussed

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2013
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Cancer And Medical Genetics
Apoptotic Activity of methionine γ- lyase on several cancer cell lines
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The apoptotic activity of methionine γ- lyase from Pseudomonas putida on cancer cell lines was indicated by measuring the concentration of cytochrome c in the supernatants of cell lines. The result revealed high concentration of cytochrome c in the supernatants of cancer cell lines (RD, AMGM and AMN3) respectively while the concentration of anti-apoptotic protein (Bcl-2) was very low.

Publication Date
Mon Jan 16 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Type 2 Diabetic Patients’ Knowledge Regarding Preventive Measures of Diabetic Foot
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Objective: Assess type 2 diabetic patients’ knowledge regarding preventive measures of diabetic foot. Find out the relationship between of type 2 diabetic patients’ knowledge regarding preventive measures of diabetic foot with certain sociodemographic characteristics

Methodology: A descriptive study was carried out from (2nd January 2022 to 26th March 2022).  A non –probability (purposive) sample of (60) adult patients who are diagnosed with type2 diabetes mellitus these patients have met the study criteria which was selected from Imam AL-Hussein Medical-City. The study instrument consist of two section: (Demographic Information Sheet, and Foot Care Outcome Expectation

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2023
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Earth And Environmental Science
Sustainable communities rating system within the context of Iraqi cities characteristics
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Abstract<p>Rating systems for evaluating the sustainability of communities are an essential tool that is increasingly applied throughout the developed world to set criteria indicators to optimize the physical, social, economic, and environmental potential within such communities. Rating systems vary based on existing disparities among societies and their unique building and physical planning practices. Iraqi cities lacked the adaptation of a formal methodology or sustainability rating system to correctly measure the built environment’s sustainability indicators. This research attempts to review the most substantial rating systems to measure the sustainability of communities worldwide to form a</p> ... Show More
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