Today the NOMA has exponential growth in the use of Optical Visible Light Communication (OVLC) due to good features such as high spectral efficiency, low BER, and flexibility. Moreover, it creates a huge demand for electronic devices with high-speed processing and data rates, which leads to more FPGA power consumption. Therefore; it is a big challenge for scientists and researchers today to recover this problem by reducing the FPGA power and size of the devices. The subject matter of this article is producing an algorithm model to reduce the power consumption of (Field Programmable Gate Array) FPGA used in the design of the Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) techniques applied in (OVLC) systems combined with a blue laser. However, The power consumption comes from Complex Digital Signal Processing (DSP) due to mathematical operations such as addition and multiplication which consume more FPGA power when compared with other parts of NOMA. The multiplication operation consumes more FPGA power than the additional operation. The article's goal is to propose low FPGA power consumption algorithms called recursive IFFT/FFT which reduce the FPGA power consumption by more than 45% compared with the model without the proposed algorithm using AMD Xilinx Kintex-7 with high-speed analogue card.
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The Iraqi government seeks to overcome the financial crisis by investing and privatizing some projects to achieve sustainable growth. Most of the investment projects in Iraq suffer from many constraints that greatly impact the success of these projects. A survey of the opinions of a group of experts was conducted to identify the most important constraints facing the investment process in Iraq. Then the experts' answers were arranged in a closed questionnaire and distributed to the research sample for which the statistical analysis was conducted. Through it, the most important (17) factors that had the greatest impact on the failure of investment projects in Iraq were reached. One of the main constraints was
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The convolutional neural networks (CNN) are among the most utilized neural networks in various applications, including deep learning. In recent years, the continuing extension of CNN into increasingly complicated domains has made its training process more difficult. Thus, researchers adopted optimized hybrid algorithms to address this problem. In this work, a novel chaotic black hole algorithm-based approach was created for the training of CNN to optimize its performance via avoidance of entrapment in the local minima. The logistic chaotic map was used to initialize the population instead of using the uniform distribution. The proposed training algorithm was developed based on a specific benchmark problem for optical character recog
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Abstract
An optoelectronic system for fog detection and visibility technique is presented .The idea of this research is based on the measurement of the atmospheric visibility by using an infrared beam emitter from LED diode. The optical scattering is used as a method to calculate the visibility. This method is applied at forward scattering within a foggy atmosphere, which is modern and has great importance for measuring visibility in seaports, airports, public roads and highways. In this paper we focus on the description of the system, principles of its operation and some results of field tests.
Keywords: fog sensor, visibility sensor, backscattering, forward scattering.
The issue of the prisoners' rights and the way of dealing with them is not just a minor or
primary issue according to the contemporary attitudes to deal with criminals, but it is a fatal
issue that goes with the development of life and comprehension of human rights. As the
criminal is considered as a human-being who can be reformed and qualified, according to the
aims of the contemporary social service the prisoner is regarded as an idle human source who
can be reformed, treated and qualified so as to make him participate to improve his family and
society in the end.
This study aims at reconstructing the prisons bases when applying the laws of the lowest
level of treatment through the research of oppositions, atti
Channel estimation (CE) is essential for wireless links but becomes progressively onerous as Fifth Generation (5G) Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) systems and extensive fading expand the search space and increase latency. This study redefines CE support as the process of learning to deduce channel type and signal-tonoise ratio (SNR) directly from per-tone Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) observations,with blind channel state information (CSI). We trained a dual deep model that combined Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) with Bidirectional Recurrent Neural Networks (BRNNs). We used a lookup table (LUT) label for channel type (class indices instead of per-tap values) and ordinal supervision for SNR (0–20 dB,5-dB steps). T
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The study aimed to determine the extent of market knowledge in the companies researched, as if market knowledge is qualified to lead the companies researched to achieve marketing performance , for this purpose, formulated hypotheses of the study in three hypotheses, the first major hypothesis "there is a correlation with significance of market knowledge to improve the marketing performance , "while the second major hypothesis, "there is a significant moral influence of market knowledge to improve the marketing performance " these hypotheses targeting to determine the role played by market knowledge in the leadership of companies researched to achieve improvement in marketing perfor
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This study been conducted and applied in Alrashed Health Center/Mahmodia Sector/ kerigh Sector/Ministry of Health/Baghdad City, and conducted on samples of women who are suffering from iron deficiency (Hemoglobin%) in blood for the year 2013. Fifty women been selected (married, unmarried), their ages ranging between 19-40 years old, they been given dried grinding spinach tablet. The dose been given was 3 tablet/day/4-6 weeks, after taken the percentage of Hemoglobin and Uric acid for all studied samples before and after dried spinach tablet given. It was appeared from samples analysis primarily and statically for 50 women, that 4% upon them only suffering high Iron deficiency (8.0-9.9 mg/100ml), 38% upon them suffering from middle iron def
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This work was influenced the separation and preconcentration steps were carried out to determination of metformin (MET) in pharmaceutical preparations and human serum samples. Complex formation method and cloud-point extraction (CPE) coupling with UV-Visible spectrophotometry were used to investigated of study target.The results has showed the best optical characteristic for calibration curve and statistical data which were obtained under optimum conditions. The first method is based on the reaction of MET with nickel (II) in alkaline medium an absorption maximum ?)max) at 434nm. ''Beer's low'' is obeyed in the concentration range (10-100µg.ml-1) with molar absorptivity of 3.9x103 L.mol-1.cm-1.The limit of detection and quantitation valu
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Anal fistula is an anorectal condition with over 90% of cases being
cryptoglandular in origin and occurring after anorectal abscesses. The traditional method of
treatment of an anal fistula is by excision or de roofing the tract awaiting complete healing.. Aim:
The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of diode laser 980 nm in the treatment of low fistula in
ano. Methods: The study was performed between June 2019 to end of September 2019, at the
institute of laser for postgraduate study in Baghdad university. A cohort of ten male patients with a
provisional diagnosis of low type anal fistula were selected for this study and treated by interstitial
photothermal therapy of fistula epithelium by diode laser 980nm