Preferred Language
Articles
/
4Rg4D5UBVTCNdQwCUyTO
Physician and Medical Representative Interaction in Iraqi Private Sector: A Qualitative Study
...Show More Authors

Pharmaceutical companies assign a budget for activities and promotions that aim to change the prescription habits of the physicians to choose the most suitable medications for their patients, which will eventually grow their sales. The study's objectives were to explore physicians' and medical representatives' perspectives on the criteria of impactful professional PP and the factors influencing the interaction between physicians and medical representatives. Qualitative in-depth interviews with flexible probing techniques were carried out in 2023. A semi-structured, open-ended interview questionnaire was used to interview physicians and medical representatives (MRs) from different private clinics in several governorates in Iraq. Ten physicians and ten MRs participated in this study. For physicians, pharmaceutical promotion was a beneficial profession. The number of patients in the clinic of patients and the obtained benefits of the medication were the most important factors interfering with physician acceptance of MR visits, and they usually refused the visit if the MR was from a new or unknown company. The majority requested to be updated about the advantages of the drug, the price, and recent studies about the medications. Regarding MR overviews, most MRs believed that PP enhanced the link between the physician and the patients. The scientific knowledge of the representative was the most important factor affecting the relationship between the physician and MR. For that, most MRs need the company to improve their scientific data about advertised medications and their communication skills. The nature of a company (brand or generic) was the most important factor that affected the decision to accept the visit by a physician. If the physician is busy or the company is new, this sometimes leads to the physician's rejection. Both the physicians and MRs acknowledged that MR could enhance physicians' knowledge of medications. However, some believe this role is limited to scientific MR rather than encompassing all MR. Finally, we can conclude that various factors and considerations may influence the nature of the physician-MR relationship. Some of these were associated with the company itself, which ought to have equipped MRs with proficient scientific expertise and effective communication skills. The increasing number of generic medications, the presence of numerous medical companies, and the inadequate training of MRs all contribute to the complexities of MR's job and potentially have a negative impact on the future of medical advertising.

Scopus Crossref
View Publication Preview PDF
Quick Preview PDF
Publication Date
Wed Dec 27 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Planner And Development
Beyond Individual Ownership: Women's and Men's Land Tenure Rights in Iraqi Heritage Systems
...Show More Authors

This paper delves into the significant role played by local social and traditional structures in shaping Traditional Community Tenure (TCT) within Iraqi Land Tenure Legislation (ILTR), and examines their impact on gender inequalities, with a specific focus on women's land tenure rights. The methodological approach employed in this study identified the sources of barriers to gender equality within TCT as outlined in ILTR at two different bilateral levels, with input obtained from key stakeholders in a selected city in Iraq. The case study survey encompassed three districts, which served as local layers within the historic sectors of the Iraqi city of Al-Nasiriya. the study employed quantitative methods, including a household surveyو with

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Publication Date
Mon Jun 08 2020
Journal Name
Medical Sciens
COVID-19 clinical characteristics and outcomes in 60 hospitalized Iraqi patients -Case series
...Show More Authors

Background: since December 2019, China and in particularly Wuhan, faced an unprecedented an outbreak challenge of coronavirus disease 2019, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Clinical characteristics of Iraqi patients with COVID-19 and risk factors for mortality needed to be shared with the health care providers to improve the overall disease experience. Methods: prospective, single-center study recruited patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection who were admitted to Al-Shifaa Isolation Center / Baghdad Medical City between the mid of March and the end of April 2020 until had been discharged or had died. Demographic data, information on clinical signs, symptoms, at presentation, treatment, have been collected

... Show More
View Publication
Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2012
Journal Name
Lambert Academic Publishing
Expressions of Gratitude in American English and Iraqi Arabic, Al-Zubaidi Nassier |... | bol
...Show More Authors

Expressions of Gratitude in American English and Iraqi Arabic (). Expressing gratitude is one of the most frequently occurring communicative acts in...

View Publication
Publication Date
Sat Jun 15 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Legal Sciences
Scientific chairs of Iraqi universities and their role in achieving sustainable development goals
...Show More Authors

تهدف الدراسة إلى استعراض ظهور كراسي اليونسكو في الجامعات العراقية والأنشطة التي تم تنفيذها لتحقيق أهداف التنمية المستدامة، حيث تم إنشاء كل كرسي لتحقيق أحد هذه الأهداف التي تركت أثرها على بعض القطاعات التعليمية والاجتماعية ، وبالتالي تنبع أهمية الدراسة من الحاجة إلى الإشارة إلى إنشاء كراسي اليونسكو في الجامعات العراقية والأنشطة التي عززت إنشائها ونشاطها ومبادراتها المحلية والدولية, وكذلك تحديد ما حقق

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Crossref
Publication Date
Sun Feb 03 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Iraq's Position For Lebanese Civil War 1975-1976 in Iraqi and Arabian Newspapers
...Show More Authors

The research deals with Iraq's position of the Lebanese civil war and the Efforts made by Iraq in order to stop the bleeding of this war, the research also deals with the nature of regime in Lebanon and the developments that preceded the war and the positions of the internal and external competing forces, as weu as handling the Iraqi Syrian disagreement and it's impaet on the situation of Lebanon and the war developments.
The research focused on the Iraq's position towards the externd proposed solutions to solve the Lebanese civil war.

View Publication Preview PDF
Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2024
Journal Name
Explainable Artificial Intelligence In The Digital Sustainability Administration
Harnessing Technological Innovation and Artificial Intelligence in Iraqi Commercial Banks to Achieve Sustainability
...Show More Authors

View Publication
Scopus (7)
Crossref (4)
Scopus Crossref
Publication Date
Mon Oct 31 2022
Journal Name
Periodicals Of Engineering And Natural Sciences (pen)
The adoption of green management in Iraqi construction industry: The challenges and benefits
...Show More Authors

View Publication
Scopus (1)
Crossref (1)
Scopus Crossref
Publication Date
Fri Jun 29 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Examining the Values and Principles of Agile Construction Management in Iraqi Construction Projects
...Show More Authors

The avoidance of failure in construction projects is not an easy task, which makes the failure of the construction project to achieve its objectives a major problem experienced by all countries in the world, especially Iraq. Where nearly two-thirds of the construction projects in the world have been suffered by significant problems as an increase in the cost of the project, delay in the specified duration for execution, and stopping the project. Therefore it is required to study and apply new methods for managing the construction project to ensure its success and achieve its objectives. The aim of this study is to study the Agile project management method and its impact on the construction project. In addition, to identi

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Crossref (17)
Crossref
Publication Date
Wed May 10 2023
Journal Name
Dermatology Research And Practice
Interleukin-15 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in Iraqi Patients with Alopecia Areata
...Show More Authors

Background. Alopecia areata (AA) is a common form of noncicatricial hair loss of unknown cause, affecting 0.1-0.2% of the general population. Most evidence supports the hypothesis that it is disease of the hair follicle of autoimmune nature mediated by T-cells, with important cytokine role. Objective of the Study. The objective of this study is to study the association and changes in serum levels of interleukin-15 (IL-15) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in patients with AA in relation to the type, activity, and disease duration. Patients and Methods. Thirty-eight patients with AA and 22 individuals without the disease as controls were enrolled in this case-controlled study conducted in the Department of Dermatology in the Al-K

... Show More
View Publication
Scopus (6)
Crossref (6)
Scopus Clarivate Crossref
Publication Date
Sat Mar 01 2025
Journal Name
Cytokine
Role of Interleukins-8, -17 and -22 in Iraqi postmenopausal women with Osteoporosis
...Show More Authors

Osteoporosis (OP) is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone mineral density and deterioration of bone architecture, resulting in bone strength reduction and increased fracture susceptibility. Estrogen deficiency in post-menopausal women is possibly responsible for the instability between bone formation and resorption, which is managed by specific osteoclastogenic cytokines that may be leading to resorption. This study aims to estimation of the concentrations of interleukins −8, −17, −22, beside to certain parameters in blood serum and explained their roles in the development of osteoporosis pathogenicity in postmenopausal women. Materials and Methods A case-control study included 108 Iraqi postmenopausal women participa

... Show More
View Publication
Scopus (3)
Crossref (4)
Scopus Clarivate Crossref