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Proxy-based sliding mode vibration control with an adaptive approximation compensator for euler-bernoulli smart beams
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Proxy-based sliding mode control PSMC is an improved version of PID control that combines the features of PID and sliding mode control SMC with continuously dynamic behaviour. However, the stability of the control architecture maybe not well addressed. Consequently, this work is focused on modification of the original version of the proxy-based sliding mode control PSMC by adding an adaptive approximation compensator AAC term for vibration control of an Euler-Bernoulli beam. The role of the AAC term is to compensate for unmodelled dynamics and make the stability proof more easily. The stability of the proposed control algorithm is systematically proved using Lyapunov theory. Multi-modal equation of motion is derived using the Galerkin method. The state variables of the multi-modal equation are expressed in terms of modal amplitudes that should be regulated via the proposed control system. The proposed control structure is implemented on a simply supported beam with two piezo-patches. The simulation experiments are performed using MATLAB/SIMULINK package. The locations of piezo-transducers are optimally placed on the beam. A detailed comparison study is implemented including three scenarios. Scenario 1 includes disturbing the smart beam while no feedback loop is established (open-loop system). In scenario 2, a PD controller is applied on the vibrating beam. Whereas, scenario 3 includes implementation of the PSMC+AAC. For all previously mentioned scenarios, two types of disturbances are applied separately: 1) an impulse force of 1 N peak and 1 s pulse width, and 2) a sinusoidal disturbance with 0.5 N amplitude and 20 Hz frequency. For impulse disturbance signals, the results show the superiority of the PSMC+AAC in comparison with the conventional PD control. Whereas, both the PSMC+ACC and the PD control work well in the case of a sinusoidal disturbance signal and the superiority of the PSMC is not clear.

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 01 2023
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Earth And Environmental Science
Study of Mouth Depth for Some Local Cyprinidae
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Abstract<p>The aim of this study was to identify the depth of the mouth and its shape in some local fish belonging to the Cyprinidae family, and the extent to which the depth of the mouth is related to the way of feeding and the nature of food as well as the feeding habits of those species collected specifically from the Tigris River, the results showed a relationship of depth oral cavity with head length was highly significant at (P < 0.01) for all studied species. Also, there was a highly significant relationship between the height of the pharyngeal tooth-bearing bone and the depth of the oral cavity for fish of this local family.</p>
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Publication Date
Tue Apr 01 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Design Consolidate Cost Accounting System For Economic Entities
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      The Costing Accounting is one the analytic tools which plays important role by support the management in planning&  control and decisions-making ,as it became attendant necessity to establish any project whether industrial ,commercial ,service or agriculture ..etc.

     The consolidated accounting system has committed the companies to have their active costing system in which the management can obtain their own data, but we found most of the economic units face problems of applying the costing system because of reasons related to the system design itself or might be related to the requirements of the application success.   

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 31 2015
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Prediction of Shear Wave velocity for carbonate rocks
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In many oil fields only the BHC logs (borehole compensated sonic tool) are available to provide interval transit time (Δtp), the reciprocal of compressional wave velocity VP.

   To calculate the rock elastic or inelastic properties, to detect gas-bearing formations, the shear wave velocity VS is needed. Also VS is useful in fluid identification and matrix mineral identification.

   Because of the lack of wells with shear wave velocity data, so many empirical models have been developed to predict the shear wave velocity from compressional wave velocity. Some are mathematical models others used the multiple regression method and neural network technique.

   In this study a number of em

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 05 2016
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Synthesis, Characterization of Derivatives Tetrazoles for Trimethoprim Drug
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The present work involved synthesis of serval new substituted tetrazole via Schiff bases for trimethoprim drug by two steps. The first step involved direct reaction of different ketones and aldehydes with trimethoprim producing the corresponding Schiff bases (1-10), whereas the second step, involved preparation new tetrazoles derivatives (11-20) through reaction of the ready Schiff bases (in the first step) with sodium azidein in dioxin. The prepared compounds were characterized by UV, FT-IR, and some of them by 13C-NMR, 1H-NMR spectroscopy and physical properties.

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 30 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Direct Contact Membrane Distillation for Desalination Brine Solution
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Desalination is a process where fresh water produces from high salinity solutions, many ways used for this purpose and one of the most important processes is membrane distillation (MD). Direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) can be considered as the most prominent type from MD types according to ease of design and modus operandi. This work studies the efficiency of using DCMD operation for desalination brine with different concentration (1.75, 3.5, 5 wt. % NaCl). Frame and plate cell was used with flat sheet PTFE hydrophobic type membrane. The study proves that MD is an effective process for desalination brines with feed temperature less than 60˚C especially for feed with low TDS. 37˚C, 47˚C, and 57˚C was feed t

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Publication Date
Fri Jul 01 2016
Journal Name
International Journal Of Computer Science And Mobile Computing
. Interpolative Absolute Block Truncation Coding for Image Compression
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Publication Date
Fri Apr 01 2022
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Data Mining Techniques for Iraqi Biochemical Dataset Analysis
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This research aims to analyze and simulate biochemical real test data for uncovering the relationships among the tests, and how each of them impacts others. The data were acquired from Iraqi private biochemical laboratory. However, these data have many dimensions with a high rate of null values, and big patient numbers. Then, several experiments have been applied on these data beginning with unsupervised techniques such as hierarchical clustering, and k-means, but the results were not clear. Then the preprocessing step performed, to make the dataset analyzable by supervised techniques such as Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), Classification And Regression Tree (CART), Logistic Regression (LR), K-Nearest Neighbor (K-NN), Naïve Bays (NB

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 10 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Woman's Quest for Survival: Margret Drabble's The Millstone
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This study deals with The Millstone (1965) which is a dramatic depiction of a single
mother heroine in a classic predicament. This novel is considered as representative of the age
in which it was written. The primary theme is her intense preoccupation with questions of
fatalism and will. The work also involves, both explicitly and implicitly, feminist concerns.
Because the central protagonist is a woman and the society in which she lives is depicted,
accurately, as deeply patriarchal and class-bound, the problem of the individual's capacity for
self-determination is inevitably tied to the feminist perspective.

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Publication Date
Sat Jul 22 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Hybrid Controller for a Single Flexible Link Manipulator
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In this study, the dynamic modeling and step input tracking control of single flexible link is studied. The Lagrange-assumed modes approach is applied to get the dynamic model of a planner single link manipulator. A Step input tracking controller is suggested by utilizing the hybrid controller approach to overcome the problem of vibration of tip position through motion which is a characteristic of the flexible link system. The first controller is a modified version of the proportional-derivative (PD) rigid controller to track the hub position while sliding mode (SM) control is used for vibration damping. Also, a second controller (a fuzzy logic based proportional-integral plus derivative (PI+D) control scheme) is developed for both vibra

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Crossref
Publication Date
Thu Feb 06 2020
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
The Realist Case for Impeachment By Steven M.Walt
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المقال منشور على موقع مجلة الفورين بوليسي الأميركية (Foreign Policy) على الانترنت في 27 أيلول/سبتمبر 2019. يُشير مصطلح العزل (Impeachment) في الثقافة السياسية الأميركية إلى مجموعة الإجراءات التي يتم بموجبها عزل الرئيس من منصبه، وهذه الإجراءات هي بمثابة عملية طويلة تجري داخل الكونجرس، وتتم وفقاً لخطوات يؤدي فيها كل من مجلسيّ النواب والشيوخ دوراَ. ولا يعني القيام بهذه الإجراءات أن يتم عزل الرئيس، فقد تتم إ

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