Kamel, S.H., R.F. Al-Jassani and H.A. Al-Shammari. 2022. Effects of Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus thuringiensis tenebrionis Isolates and Biologically Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles on Cellulase Enzyme Activity in Workers' Digestive System of the Termite Microcerotermes diversus Silv. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 40(4): 315-324. https://doi.org/10.22268/AJPP-40.4.315324 The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different bacterial isolates of P. fluorescens and B. t. tenebrionis and silver nanoparticles on the activity of the cellulase enzyme in termites' middle digestive system and its role in glucose release by treating cellulose media with bacterial strains and nanoparticles. Ultraviolet spectroscopy results revealed that silver nanoparticles synthesized by P. fluorescens isolated from termites, commercial P. fluorescens, and local B.t. tenrbrionis had the highest absorption at 385, 324, and 324 nm wave length, respectively. Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed that ketons, amines, alkanes, and alcohols were among the groups that contributed to silver ions reduction, capping and stabilizing nanoparticles. The particle diameters were measured using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and found to be on average 32.43, 63.19, and 57.62 nm. The highest concentration of liberated glucose was recorded after 24 hours, which ranged between 0.453 and 1.285 mg/ml when treated with silver nanoparticles prepared from a commercial isolate of P. fluorescens bacteria and when treated with a bacterial isolate P. fluorescens, respectively. Only when treated with synthesized silver nanoparticles and when treated with commercial P. fluorescens isolates did the lowest concentrations of liberated sugar reached between 0.037 and 0.730 mg/ml after 72 hours, respectively. The high quantity of liberated sugar in the control treatment was constant, reaching 1.70 and 2.33 mg/ml after 24 and 72 hours, respectively. In addition to the variation in cellulase enzyme inhibition rates in termite digestive systems due to the effect of different treatments, it was discovered that the local isolate of B. t. tenrbrionis was better than the rest of the isolates in affecting the enzyme, causing inhibition rates of 71.42%. Furthermore, silver nanoparticles synthesized from a commercial isolate of P. fluorescens outperformed other treatments in inhibiting enzyme activity, with an inhibition rate of 78.57% . Keywords: Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus thuringiensis tenebrionis, silver nanoparticles, Microcerotermes diversus
The sentence is one building unit in a music that has a full meaning which in the end takes a long silence .The sentence bases made the sentences with intransitive verb ( non connection ) and the sentences are made with general verb (connection ) .The sentence parts :Verbal sentence –supportive sentence , sentence without a verb .
The method of divide the sentence into these syntax units ( face division ) or (analysis and to each of the syntax units resulted from dividing the sentence to sections made to the end the characterizes the smaller syntax units ,the words .The method of analyze the surface structure of Persian language sentence is exchange method.  
... Show MorePathology reports are necessary for specialists to make an appropriate diagnosis of diseases in general and blood diseases in particular. Therefore, specialists check blood cells and other blood details. Thus, to diagnose a disease, specialists must analyze the factors of the patient’s blood and medical history. Generally, doctors have tended to use intelligent agents to help them with CBC analysis. However, these agents need analytical tools to extract the parameters (CBC parameters) employed in the prediction of the development of life-threatening bacteremia and offer prognostic data. Therefore, this paper proposes an enhancement to the Rabin–Karp algorithm and then mixes it with the fuzzy ratio to make this algorithm suitable
... Show MorePhysically based modeling approach has been widely developed in recent years for the simulation of dam failure process due to the lack of field data. This paper provides and describes a physically-based model depending on dimensional analysis and hydraulic simulation methods for estimating the maximum water level and the wave propagation time from breaching of field test dams. The field physical model has been constructed in Dabbah city to represent the collapse of the Roseires dam in Sudan. Five cases of a dam failure were studied to simulate water flood conditions by changing initial water height in the reservoir (0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.4 and 1.5 m respectively).The physical model working under five cases, case 5 had the greatest influence of t
... Show MoreShatt Al-Hilla was considered one of the important branches of Euphrates River that supplies irrigation water to millions of dunams of planted areas. It is important to control the velocity and water level along the river to maintain the required level for easily diverting water to the branches located along the river. So, in this research, a numerical model was developed to simulate the gradually varied unsteady flow in Shatt AL-Hilla. The present study aims to solve the continuity and momentum (Saint-Venant) equations numerically to predict the hydraulic characteristics in the river using Galerkin finite element method. A computer program was designed and built using the programming language FORTRAN-77. Fifty kilometers was consid
... Show MoreThe aesthetic contents of data visualization is one of the contemporary areas through which data scientists and designers have been able to link data to humans, and even after reaching successful attempts to model data visualization, it wasn't clear how that reveals how it contributed to choosing the aesthetic content as an input to humanize these models, so the goal of the current research is to use The analytical descriptive approach aims to identify the aesthetic contents in data visualization, which the researchers interpreted through pragmatic philosophy and Kantian philosophy, and analyze a sample of data visualization models to reveal the aesthetic entrances in them to explain how to humanize them. The two researchers reached seve
... Show MoreThe aim of this paper is to introduce the concepts of asymptotically p-contractive and asymptotically severe accretive mappings. Also, we give an iterative methods (two step-three step) for finite family of asymptotically p-contractive and asymptotically severe accretive mappings to solve types of equations.
Study of the development of an activated carbon nanotube catalyst for alkaline fuel cell technology. Through the prepared carbon nanotubes catalyst by an electrochemical deposition technique. Different analytical approaches such as X-ray diffraction (XRD) to determine the structural properties and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), were used to characterize, Mesh stainless steel catalyst substrate had an envelope structure and a large surface area. Voltages were also obtained at 1.83 V and current at 3.2 A of alkaline fuel cell. In addition, study the characterization of the electrochemical parameters.
This paper presents a method of designing and constructing a system capable of acquiring
the third dimension and reconstructs a 3D shape for an object from multi images of that object using
the principle of active optical triangulation. The system consists of an illumination source, a photo
detector, a movement mechanism and a PC, which is working as a controlling unit for the hard ware
components and as an image processing unit for the object multi view raw images which must be
processed to extract the third dimension. The result showed that the optical triangulation method
provides a rapid mean for obtaining accurate and quantitative distance measurements. The final
result's analysis refers to the necessity of usin
Oxidation of sulfur compounds in fuel followed by an adsorption process were studied using two modes of operation, batch mode and continuous mode (fixed bed). In batch experiment oxidation process of kerosene with sulfur content 2360 ppm was achieved to study the effect of amount of hydrogen peroxide(2.5, 4, 6 and 10) ml at different temperature(40, 60 and 70)°C. Also the effect of amount acetic acid was studied at the optimal conditions of the oxidation step(4ml H2O2 and 60 °C).Besides, the role of acetic acid different temperatures(40, 60, 70) °C and 4ml H2O2, effect of reaction time(5, 30, 60, 120, 300) minutes at temperatures(40,60) °C, 4ml H2O2 and 1 mlHAC)&
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