Phytoplankton assemblage in relation to physical and chemical characteristics of water in Al-Auda marsh of Maysan province southern Iraq was assessed from November 2012 to July 2013. Six sampling sites were chosen to examine all phytoplankton species in the study area. A total of 246 species and seventy-five genera have been recognized belonging to twelve phytoplankton classes as follows: Bacillariophyceae (106 taxa), Chlorophyceae (34 taxa), Euglenophyceae (29 taxa), Cyanophyceae (29 taxa), Conjugatophyceae (19 taxa), Mediophyceae (10 taxa), Cryptophyceas (5 taxa), Coscinodiscophyceae (4 taxa), Chrysophyceae (4 taxa), Dinophyceae (3 taxa), Trebouxiophyceae (2 taxa) whereas Compsopogonophyceae recorded only (one taxon).The finding showed class Bacillariophyceae dominated with (43.09%), followed by Chlorophyceae of (13.82%), then (11.79%) for each of Cyanophycean and Euglenophyceae. Mean ± standard deviation for water temperature was ranged between (14.3±1.6°C) during winter to (35.6±1.81°C) during summer, electrical Conductivity (2020±186μ.s/cm) during autumn to (6390±875μ.s/cm) during summer, total Phosphate 0.01±0.0 µg/l during winter to 0.3±0.08 µg/l during spring, and total nitrogen varied from 1.8±0.8 µg/l during winter to 6.9±0.5 µg/l during autumn. Seasonal distribution indicated that phytoplankton flourished predominantly during the summer and spring. The diversity index (H) recorded the highest value in spring and lowest value in autumn, Richness (D) and Evenness (E) indices achieved the highest values in spring, the lowest values in autumn. The Jaccard index (Ss%) recorded the highest similarity between autumn and winter, the lowest similarity was between autumn and spring. The results revealed Al-Auda marsh is mesotrophic according to phytoplankton composition.
Monitoring water quality in hemodialysis systems is extremely important to maintain adequate quality services for patients suffering from kidney failure. This work aims to examine and evaluate bacteriological characteristics and endotoxin contamination levels in hemodialysis water produced in dialysis centers. Forty‐eight water samples were collected and analyzed from four major hospitals in Baghdad for one year to evaluate seasonal effects. The analysis included the determination of total heterotrophic bacteria using the pour plate method, identification of bacterial isolate using the Vitek2 compact instrument, and the determination of endotoxins levels using Limulus ameboc
Iraq's oil industry has been passed in different periods , began with domination of Western companies to invest in Iraqi oil at twenties of the last century , through the process of nationalization of the shares of those companies , beginning of the seventies , and ending with the new policies adopted by the government recently, which was contracting with international companies to develop the oil industry , because of what the outcome of the oil industry from a decline in artistic and physical ability as a result to the conditions of war and embargo imposed on Iraq before 2003.
The Iraqi government has introduced licensing of a contract to
... Show MoreWhen it comes to boosting the economy, development, and allocation of financial resources from accessible savings to be employed in all economic sectors (industrial, agricultural, and service), commercial banks in developing and Arab countries are seen as one of the tools. Foreign and domestic investment play critical roles in the economies of both established and developing nations by providing much-needed capital, allowing for the more efficient use of available natural and human resources, and allowing for the more rapid adoption of cutting-edge technologies. Investment success depends on the presence of institutions and capacities of a developed financial and banking type. The significance of this study can be seen in how it exa
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Building Information Modeling (BIM) is becoming a great known established collaboration process in Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry. In various cases in many countries, potential benefits and competitive advantages have been reported. However, despite the potentials and benefits of BIM technologies, it is not applied in the construction sector in Iraq just like many other countries of the world. The purpose of this research is to understand the uses and benefits of BIM for construction projects in Iraq. This purpose has been done by establishing a fr |
بعد ثورة تموز عام 1958في العراق, لم يكن يسمح للقطاع الخاص بأن تكون له استثمارات كبيرة في القطاعات الاقتصادية. وذلك بسبب الإيديولوجيات التي كانت تؤطر الفكر السياسي. حيث كان النهج الاشتراكي هو الغالب في إدارة الأنشطة الاقتصادية. إذ قامت الدولة بتأميم معظم الاستثمارات الخاصة الكبيرة ،لاس
... Show MoreThe present study is concerned with the role of income tax in implementing economic goals in Iraq and treating the problems and pitfalls in the Iraq economy.
The study also aims at investigating the role of income tax in attracting promising favorite effects into economy.
The study was performed on data covering the period (2003 - 2012) with respect to the variables of (income tax, oil profits) as independent variables and (private consuming expenditure, private investmental expenditure, and standard figure of prices) as dependent variables. To analyze these data, a number of statistical descriptive and analytical techniques were used such as (percentage, standard variance, mediums, F test, T test and SPSS). It has been c
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The purpose of the research is to determine how much do the external auditors’ qualifications in Iraq match the international requirements? And determine the necessary and priority requirements that the auditor should have in order to adapt with the changes in the community and the profession. The research partially focuses on comparing international institutes curriculum requirements with the local institutes’ curriculum requirements. Furthermore, it compares examinations of local students with the questions of these institutes and compares the requirements of these institutes to continuing vocational education with the local, as well as analyzes and presents the questionnaire results to find out the necessa
... Show MoreThe book of the summary in the control of the laws of Arabic is one of the most important books of Andalusian grammar, the resonance of which is clearly evident among the mother of the language books in the seventh century AH because of the character of the educational style easy and simplified service for anyone who wants the Nile Arabic grammar, that end through what is pursued in his book (Summary) on according to visual standards, as was Ibn Abi Al-Rabeea of first- type, and illustrated in which he addressed the analogies, and he followed the modalities expressed and its consequences relating to each attachment in which a (illness and reasoning factor) And what he said in the framework of each service for the study material in his ha
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