Krawtchouk polynomials (KPs) and their moments are promising techniques for applications of information theory, coding theory, and signal processing. This is due to the special capabilities of KPs in feature extraction and classification processes. The main challenge in existing KPs recurrence algorithms is that of numerical errors, which occur during the computation of the coefficients in large polynomial sizes, particularly when the KP parameter (p) values deviate away from 0.5 to 0 and 1. To this end, this paper proposes a new recurrence relation in order to compute the coefficients of KPs in high orders. In particular, this paper discusses the development of a new algorithm and presents a new mathematical model for computing the initial value of the KP parameter. In addition, a new diagonal recurrence relation is introduced and used in the proposed algorithm. The diagonal recurrence algorithm was derived from the existing n direction and x direction recurrence algorithms. The diagonal and existing recurrence algorithms were subsequently exploited to compute the KP coefficients. First, the KP coefficients were computed for one partition after dividing the KP plane into four. To compute the KP coefficients in the other partitions, the symmetry relations were exploited. The performance evaluation of the proposed recurrence algorithm was determined through different comparisons which were carried out in state-of-the-art works in terms of reconstruction error, polynomial size, and computation cost. The obtained results indicate that the proposed algorithm is reliable and computes lesser coefficients when compared to the existing algorithms across wide ranges of parameter values of p and polynomial sizes N. The results also show that the improvement ratio of the computed coefficients ranges from 18.64% to 81.55% in comparison to the existing algorithms. Besides this, the proposed algorithm can generate polynomials of an order ∼8.5 times larger than those generated using state-of-the-art algorithms.
The leading causes of death, particularly among the elderly, are cardiovascular illnesses, which are frequently linked to altered lifestyle patterns. Numerous academic studies on health and disease have stressed the role of micronutrients like zinc. Furthermore, both healthy and unwell patients are increasingly consuming dietary supplements that contain micronutrients for wellbeing. Cardiovascular disease can be brought on by trace element deficiencies, particularly zinc insufficiency. This study's goal is to analyze current theories regarding the benefits of zinc supplementation for people with cardiovascular problems. We used reliable websites like Google Scholar, PubMed, and Research Gate to find the most recent papers. Preprints
... Show MoreIraqi kaolin was used for the preparation and characterization of NaY zeolite for biodiesel production via esterification reaction. Oleic acid was used usually as a typical simulated feedstock of high acid number for the esterification reaction.
The chemical composition for the prepared Nay zeolite is as following: (Ca2.6Na1.K0.1)(Al6.3Si17.7)O48.16H2O, the silica to alumina ratio in the prepared catalyst was found equal to 2.6 and Na2O content was 12.26 wt. %, with relative crystallinity equal to 147.4 % obtained by the X-ray diffraction. The surface area result shows that the prepared catalyst has 330 m2
... Show MoreThe Adaptive Optics technique has been developed to obtain the correction of atmospheric seeing. The purpose of this study is to use the MATLAB program to investigate the performance of an AO system with the most recent AO simulation tools, Objected-Oriented Matlab Adaptive Optics (OOMAO). This was achieved by studying the variables that impact image quality correction, such as observation wavelength bands, atmospheric parameters, telescope parameters, deformable mirror parameters, wavefront sensor parameters, and noise parameters. The results presented a detailed analysis of the factors that influence the image correction process as well as the impact of the AO components on that process
Longer follow-up defense , one of basketball skills that require the team collective action involving active part and consistent to acquire bouncing balls even not be a chance for members of the team striker acquisition rebounding from the target area and bring it back again , which reduces the chances of scoring, and it enables team members defender of the performance of fast attack and score points for being the increase your chances of success.In light of the foregoing, reflected the importance of research in achieving the objective basis of skill tests that require a circumstance similar to the circumstances of the game with the standard operating procedures for the registration, and that the validity judged by consistency between tests
... Show MoreCapillary pressure is a significant parameter in characterizing and modeling petroleum reservoirs. However, costly laboratory measurements may not be sufficiently available in some cases. The problem amplifies for carbonate reservoirs because relatively enormous capillary pressure curves are required for reservoir study due to heterogeneity. In this work, the laboratory measurements of capillary pressure and formation resistivity index were correlated as both parameters are functions of saturation. Forty-one core samples from an Iraqi carbonate reservoir were used to develop the correlation according to the hydraulic flow units concept. Flow zone indicator (FZI) and Pore Geometry and Structure (PGS) approaches were used to identify
... Show MoreCapillary pressure is a significant parameter in characterizing and modeling petroleum reservoirs. However, costly laboratory measurements may not be sufficiently available in some cases. The problem amplifies for carbonate reservoirs because relatively enormous capillary pressure curves are required for reservoir study due to heterogeneity. In this work, the laboratory measurements of capillary pressure and formation resistivity index were correlated as both parameters are functions of saturation. Forty-one core samples from an Iraqi carbonate reservoir were used to develop the correlation according to the hydraulic flow units concept. Flow zone indicator (FZI) and Pore Geometry and Structure (PGS) approaches were used to identify
... Show MoreSarcasm is conceders one patterns of undesirable communication, which causes social problems in humans relationships because of the contradictory verbal and nonverbal expressions is known sarcasm may defined , statements with intent to belittle others in different situations, dealing with the individual deliberately, to diminish the will or overwhelmed by the recipe stupid, which generate a reaction when a person listener, raising the intentions of ridicule and undermine it, and this may happen is different from the irony interest increased in sarcasm since the development of scientists "Watzlawick '" and Bevin "Jackson's" in 1967 theory interactive and considered the sarcasm one interaction patterns in the social relationship, which use
... Show MoreA factor group is a mathematical group obtained by aggregating similar elements of a larger group using an equivalence relation that preserves some of the group structure. In this paper, the factor groups K(SL(2,121)) and K(SL(2,169)) computed for each group from the character table of rational representations.