OpenStreetMap (OSM), recognised for its current and readily accessible spatial database, frequently serves regions lacking precise data at the necessary granularity. Global collaboration among OSM contributors presents challenges to data quality and uniformity, exacerbated by the sheer volume of input and indistinct data annotation protocols. This study presents a methodological improvement in the spatial accuracy of OSM datasets centred over Baghdad, Iraq, utilising data derived from OSM services and satellite imagery. An analytical focus was placed on two geometric correction methods: a two-dimensional polynomial affine transformation and a two-dimensional polynomial conformal transformation. The former involves twelve coefficients for adjustment, while the latter encompasses six. Analysis within the selected region exposed variances in positional accuracy, with distinctions evident between Easting (E) and Northing (N) coordinates. Empirical results indicated that the conformal transformation method reduced the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) by 4.434 meters in the amended OSM data. Contrastingly, the affine transformation method exhibited a further reduction in total RMSE by 4.053 meters. The deployment of these proposed techniques substantiates a marked enhancement in the geometric fidelity of OSM data. The refined datasets have significant applications, extending to the representation of roadmaps, the analysis of traffic flow, and the facilitation of urban planning initiatives.
Basic Orientation and search path in determining the impact of creative thinking in cultural intelligence field research on the doctors competence, as is a theme of creative thinking great importance in spite of being a old , but his role at the individual level and / or organizational a sustainable effect toward developing a fact uncommon , any sense that one of the pillars of modernity and provide a unique future, as is the competitive weapon of the organizations in an environment dubbed fundamental change and provide all that is unfamiliar, and in the center of the field of research and objective measurement of creative thinking on doctors specialists at the construction of a state of the preference and
... Show MoreSilica-based mesoporous materials are a class of porous materials with unique characteristics such as ordered pore structure, large surface area, and large pore volume. This review covers the different types of porous material (zeolite and mesoporous) and the physical properties of mesoporous materials that make them valuable in industry. Mesoporous materials can be divided into two groups: silica-based mesoporous materials and non-silica-based mesoporous materials. The most well-known family of silica-based mesoporous materials is the Mesoporous Molecular Sieves family, which attracts attention because of its beneficial properties. The family includes three members that are differentiated based on their pore arrangement. In this review,
... Show MoreNew Fourteen compounds were synthesized in four steps. The first step included synthesis of 2-biphenyl fused ring of imidazo(1,2- a)pyrimidine from the reaction of 2-aminopyrimidine and biphenyl phenacyl bromide . The second step was introduced aldehyde group from the reaction of 2-biphenyl fused rings of imidazo(1,2-a)pyrimidine with POCl3 in presence of DMF and CHCl3. 3-Carbaladehyde derivatives of fused imidazo/pyrimidine was reacted with different aromatic amines to afford new Schiff bases. These new 3- imines derivatives was reduced by using sodiumborohydride to yield another new 3-aminomethyl-2-biphenyl imidazo (1,2-a)pyrimidine derivatives in moderate yield .Some new prepared compounds were identified by melting point, FT- IR , 13C-
... Show MoreDBNRSK Sayed, Journal of Strategic Research in Social Science (JoSReSS), 2020
Background: Osteoporosis (OP) is a prevalent age-related condition that increases the risk of fracture and bone fragility, as result loss of bone mass as well as micro-architectural degradation of the bone, thereby reducing the mass and strength of bone. Human β-defensin (HBD-3) is ananti-inflammatory peptide andcrucial part of the human innate immune system. Giving early therapeutic intervention for OP requires an early diagnosis. Objectives: To evaluate the serum HBD-3 accuracy of diagnosis in patients with osteoporosis. Methods: The study was conducted in the National Joint Center at Yarmouk Teaching Hospital in Baghdad during September - October 2023. Eighty participants were recruited, all of whom had clinical examinations an
... Show MoreArtificial roughness on the absorber plate of a Solar Air Heater (SAH) is a popular technique for increasing its effective efficiency. The study investigated the effect of geometrical parameters of discrete multi-arc ribs (DMAR) installed below the SAH absorber plate on the effective efficiency. The effects of major roughness factors, such as number of gaps (Ng = 1-4), rib pitch (p/e = 4-16), rib height (e/D = 0.018-0.045), gab width (wg/e = 0.5-2), angle of attack ( = 30-75), and Reynolds number (Re= 2000-20000) on the performance of a SAH are studied. The performance of the SAH is evaluated using a top-down iterative technique. The results show that as Re rises, SAH-effective DMAR's efficiency first ascends to a specified value o
... Show MoreHerbal remedies are used in induction of lactation. In view of that .Borage Officinalis was employed to ensure an abundant milk supply or rectify milk insufficiency .However, this remedy has not been scientifically tested .The animals were treated with the aqueous extract of Borage Officinalis flowers at a daily concentration of 100 mg / kg body weight /ml for each rat through Oro-gastric tube for 14 days. Animals were subdivided into subgroups according to their physiological status. Mammary glands of these animals were processed for histological, histochemical and immunohistochemical studies. Parameters indicated that the aqueous extract of Borage Officinalis flowers induced lactogenesis in the mammmary glands of virgin and pregnant rats
... Show MoreBackground: to evaluate the effect of different dentifrices on the surface roughness of two composite resins (nanofilled-based and nanoceramic – based composite resins). Materials and methods: Forty specimens (diameter 12 mm and height of 2mm) prepared from different composite resin materials: Z350 (nanofilled composite, and Ceram-X (nanoceramic) .they were subjected to brushing simulation equivalent to the period of 1 year. The groups assessed were a control group brushed with distilled water (G1), Opalescence whitening toothpasteR (G2), Colgate sensitive pro-relief (G3) and Biomed Charcoal Toothpaste (G4). The initial and final roughness of each group was tested by surface roughness tester. The results were statistically analyzed using
... Show MorePraise be to Allah, Lord of the Worlds, teach the pen, taught the human what he didn't know, Ihmad - Almighty - and thank him, and repent to him and ask forgiveness, which is the most forgiving, and bear witness that there is no god but Allah alone has no partner, gives and prevents, And I bear witness that Muhammad is a slave to Allah and his Messenger, who called for guidance and good speech and spoke, peace be upon him and his family and companions, and those who followed them until the Day of Judgment.