The research was conducted in one of the fields of the Department of Plant Production in the desert region (tomato development project) affiliated with the Directorate of Agriculture of the Holy Karbala Governorate for the purpose of studying the effect of spraying the shoots of the Kohlrabi plant (hybrid) with the Nano biopolymer (Chitosan) and the Azotobacter bio inoculum on the roots of the plant seedlings in terms of growth indicators and yield for the autumn agricultural season. 2023-2024 ,The means were compared according to the Duncan multiple ranges test at significant to level of 0.05.with R.C.B.D . The first factor was spraying the shoots with Nano- Chitosan at a concentration of (0, 1, and 2) g L-1, two weeks after transplanting,

Indium oxide In2O3 thin films fabricated using thermal evaporation of indium metal in vacuum on a glass substrate at 25oC using array mask, after deposition the indium films have been subjected to thermal oxidation at temperature 400 °C for 1h. The results of prepared Indium oxide reveal the oxidation method as a strong effect on the morphology and optical properties of the samples as fabricated. The band gap (Eg) of In2O3 films at 400 °C is 2.7 eV. Then, SEM and XRD measurements are also used to investigate the morphology and structure of the indium oxide In2O3 thin films. The antimicrobial activity of indium oxide In2O3 thin films was assessed against gram-negative bacterium using inhibition zone of bacteria which improved higher ina

Background: The type of dental implant surface is one of many factors that determine the success of implant restoration. This study aimed to study the effect of mixture of nano titanium oxide with nanohydroxyapatite coating of screw shaped CPTi dental implant on bond strength at bone implant interface by torque removal test related to two healing periods (2 and 6 weeks). Materials and methods: Dip coating process was performed to get an even coating layer on CPTi screws. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and microscopical examination were performed on the coating surfaces of the CPTi. The tibia of 10 white New Zealand rabbits was chosen as implantation sites. The tibia of each rabbit received two screws, one was coated with mixture of nanoT

This investigation was carried out to study the treatment and recycling of wastewater in the cotton textile industry for an effluent containing three dyes: direct blue, sulphur black and vat yellow. The reuse of such effluent can only be made possible by appropriate treatment method such as chemical coagulation. Ferrous and ferric sulphate with and without calcium hydroxide were employed in this study as the chemical coagulants.
The results showed that the percentage removal of direct blue ranged between 91.4 and 94 , for sulphur black ranged between 98.7 and 99.5 while for vat yellow it was between 97 and 99.

This research paper studies the use of an environmentally and not expensive method to degrade Orange G dye (OG) from the aqueous solution, where the extract of ficus leaves has been used to fabricate the green bimetallic iron/copper nanoparticles (G-Fe/Cu-NPs). The fabricated G‑Fe/Cu-NPs were characterized utilizing scanning electron microscopy, BET, atomic force microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and zeta potential. The rounded and shaped as like spherical nanoparticles were found for G-Fe/Cu‑NPs with the size ranged 32-59 nm and the surface area was 4.452 m²/g. Then the resultant nanoparticles were utilized as a Fenton-like oxidation catalyst. The degradation efficiency of

In this research, a novel synthesis of CaONPs has been developed via an environmentally friendly, green method. Garlic extract (Allium sativum) was used as a green-reducing and stabilizing agent for CaONPs. The average particle size of CaONPs was approximately 24.42 nm. The synthesized CaONPs were identified by using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, U.V.-vis spectrum, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), and zeta potential (Zp) analysis. The current study highlights the notable applications for CaONPs. First, an antimicrobial assay revea

Spray pyrolysis technique (SPT) is employed to synthesize cadmium oxide nanostructure with 3% and 5% Cobalt concentrations. Films are deposited on a glass substrate at 350 ᵒC with 150 nm thickness. The XRD analysis revealed a polycrystalline nature with cubic structure and (111) preferred orientation. Structural parameters represent lattice spacing, crystallite size, lattice parameter and dislocation density. Homogeneous surfaces and regular distribution of atoms were showed by atomic force microscope (AFM) with 1.03 nm average roughness and 1.22 nm root mean square roughness. Optical properties illustrated a high transmittance more than 85% in the range of visible spectrum and decreased with Co concentration increasing. The absorption

In this study, nano TiO₂ was prepared with titanium isopropoxide (TTIP) as a resource to titanium oxide. The catalyst was synthesized using phosphotungstic acid (PTA) and, stearyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (STAB) was used as the structure-directing material. Characterization of the product was done by the X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescent spectroscopy (XRF), nitrogen adsorption/desorption measurements, Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, were used to characterize the calcined TiO₂ nanoparticles by STAB and PWA. The TiO₂ nanomaterials were prepared in three crystalline forms (amorphous, anatase, anatase-rutile). The results showed that the

Activated carbon derived from Ficus Binjamina agro-waste synthesized by pyro carbonic acid microwave method and treated with silicon oxide (SiO2) was used to enhance the adsorption capability of the malachite green (MG) dye. Three factors of concentration of dye, time of mixing, and the amount of activated carbon with four levels were used to investigate their effect on the MG removal efficiency. The results show that 0.4 g/L dosage, 80 mg/L dye concentration, and 40 min adsorption duration were found as an optimum conditions for 99.13% removal efficiency. The results also reveal that Freundlich isotherm and the pseudo-second-order kinetic models were the best models to describe the equilibrium adsorption data.

In this work, Co-Y-oxide Nano Structure is successfully synthesized via hydrothermal method. The XRD analysis, SEM analysis, optical, electrical and photo sensing properties have been investigated for Co3O4 and Co-Y-oxide thin films. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis reveals that all films are polycrystalline in nature, having cubic structure. The SEM images of thin films clearly indicates that Co3O4 possesses nanosphere like structure and flower like for Co-Y-oxide. The optical properties show that the optical energy gap follows allowed direct electronic transition calculated using Tauc equation and it increases for Co-Y-oxide. The photo sensing properties of thin films are investigated as a function of time at different wavelengths to