Introduction: Melanin is a high-molecular weight pigment produced through the oxidative polymerization of phenolic or indolic compounds and plays a perfect role in UV-light shielding, as well as in photoprotection. Among biopolymers, melanin is unique in many aspects. This study is designed to screen Production, extraction and characterizes of an extracellular melanin pigment from clinically isolated P. aeruginosa. Objective: The aim of the current study is isolation and diagnosis of P.aeruginosa using vitek-2 compact system and screening the ability to produce melanin and characterization of extracted melanin by UV-vis, FTIR, XRD and SEM. Materials and methods: the samples swab inoculated on cetrimide agar as selective media and incubated aerobically for 24 hours at 37°Cand used nutrient agar with nutrient broth supplement with 1% tyrosine for Screening for melanin production by P. aeruginosa isolates. Results: Four isolates P. aeruginosa were identified out of 109 specimens have ability to produce melanin pigment under specific medium and culture conditions. According to morphological, cultural, biochemical, and VITEK-2 characteristics, isolates were identified as P. aeruginosa. The results showed that the isolate of burn was greatest in production of melanin. Based on its solubility in organic solvents, the black pigment was identified as melanin and structurally and functionally characterized by UV-Vis absorbance and presence of various characteristic peaks that determined by FTIR analysis, and the morphology of the pigment surface was examined using SEM and XRD spectra analysis. Conclusion: Depending on the type of bacteria and the conditions of their culture, different melanin-producing bacteria produce different amounts of melanin. The primary factors for bacterial melanin production are L-tyrosine, energy source, pH, temperature and surface area for shaker agitation. In this study, results found that the optimum condition for melanin production byP. aeruginosa in pH=7.3 and the effect of L-tyrosine concentration on melanin production found that use 1g/L is the best concentration for production.
An anatomical study was carried out at the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, in 2017, on lupine crop (Lupinus albus) as a comparison guide of three seed weights of three lupine cultivars viz. ‘Giza-1’, ‘Giza-2’ and ‘Hamburg’. The nested design was used with four replications. The results showed that cultivars had a significant effect on stem anatomical traits. ‘Hamburg’ cultivar recorded the highest stem diameter, cortex thickness and xylem vascular diameter, while cultivar ‘Giza-1’ recorded the lowest values for the same traits as well as the highest collenchyma layer thickness, vascular bundle thickness, and xylem thickness. Cultivar ‘Giza-2’ recorded the lowest vascular bundle th
... Show MoreIn this research, the mechanism of cracks propagation for epoxy/ chopped carbon fibers composites have been investigated .Carbon fibers (5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) by weight were used to reinforce epoxy resin. Bending test was carried out to evaluate the flexural strength in order to explain the mechanism of cracks propagation. It was found that, the flexural strength will increase with increasing the percentage weight for carbon fibers. At low stresses, the cracks will state at the lower surface for the specimen. Increasing the stresses will accelerate the speed of cracks until fracture accorded .The path of cracks is changed according to the distributions of carbon fibers
The research aims to study the importance of applying lean accounting techniques and the tools and methods they contain, the most important of which is the “value path costs” technique and its impact on rationalizing and controlling costs, as well as reducing production costs in general and reducing quality costs in a way Special by reducing or eliminating waste and waste in both time and resources and meeting customer requirements. In order to achieve this goal, the researcher relied on the application of lean accounting tools by obtaining data related to the mill, in addition to that, the information obtained as a result of field coexistence in the mill and being able to view the records of the mill in the research sample. From the
... Show MoreNew Fe(II),Co(II),Ni(II),Cu(II) and Zn(II) Schiff base complexes which have the molar ratio 2:1 metal to ligand of the general formula [M2( L) X4] (where L=bis(2-methyl furfuraldene)-4-4`-methylene bis(cyclo-hexylamine) ) were prepared by the reaction of the metal salts with the ligand of Schiff base derived from the condensation of 2:1 molar ratio of 2-acetyl furan and 4-4`-methylene bis (cyclohexylamine). The complexes were characterized by elemental analysis using atomic absorption spectrophotometer ,molar conductance measurements, infrared, electronic spectra,and magnetic susceptibility measurement. These studies revealed binuclear omplexes. The metal(II) ion in these complexes have four coordination sites giving the most ex
... Show MoreImproving" Jackknife Instrumental Variable Estimation method" using A class of immun algorithm with practical application
The current research aims to diagnose the nature of the relation between dynamic capabilities as an independent variable and competitive advantage as a respondent variable, and identify the role of each of them in achieving the required performance of the organizations and adapt to the rapid environmental changes. The research was applied to the Iraqi Cement State Company one of the formations of the Iraqi Ministry of Industry and Minerals, and based on the importance of the subject matter of the research and the importance of the research sample and company of inquiry, The researcher adopted the descriptive analytical method in completing his research. The sample of the research was Intention
... Show MoreThe launch of the EU’s Eastern Partnership in 2009 intended to signal a new, elevated level of EU engagement with its Eastern neighborhood. Yet there remain several long-simmering and potentially destabilizing conflicts in the region, with which EU engagement thus far has been sporadic at best. The Union’s use of its Common Security and Defense Policy (CSDP) in the region and to help solve these disputes has been particularly ad hoc and inconsistent, wracked by inter-institutional incoherence and undermined by Member States’ inability to agree on a broad strategic vision for engagement with the area.
The three CSDP missions deployed to the region thus far have all suffered from this incoherence to various extents. In particu
... Show MoreThe extract of fig fruit has shown significant medical usefulness in various fields. The entrance of nanotechnology into the field of medicinal and pharmacology has shown remarkable advantages. Plants contain diverse molecules thatcan reduce metals, and provide a safe, eco-friendly approach for synthesizing nanoparticles. Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have been reported to possess an antimicrobial effect against some strains of bacteria and moulds. We have aimed to synthesize IONPs from fig fruit extract and investigate the influence of fig extract and IONPs in wound healing of mice. UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and field emission scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the IONPs that were produced
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