The blade pitch angle (BPA) controller is key factor to improve the power generation of wind turbine (WT). Due to the aerodynamic structural behavior of the rotor blades, wind turbine system performance is influenced by pitch angle and environmental conditions such as wind speed, which fluctuate throughout the day. Therefore, to overcome the pitch angle control (PAC) problem, high wind speed conditions, and due to type-1 and type-2 fuzzy logic limitations for handling high levels of uncertainty, the newly proposed optimal hybrid type-3 fuzzy logic controller has been applied and compared since type-3 fuzzy controllers utilize three-dimensional membership functions, unlike type-2 and type-1 fuzzy logic controllers. In this paper six different controllers are applied and compared for BPA in WT: type-1 fuzzy logic controller (T1-FLC), interval type-2 fuzzy logic controller (IT2-FLC), interval type-3 fuzzy logic controller (IT3-FLC), optimal hybrid type-1 fuzzy-PID controller (HT1-FPIDC), optimal hybrid type-2 fuzzy-PID controller (HT2-FPIDC), and optimal hybrid type-3 fuzzy-PID controller (HT3-FPIDC). The comparison between Mamdani and Sugeno fuzzy inference systems (FIS) has been applied to find the best inference system. Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Particle swarm optimization (PSO) are used to find the optimal tuning of PID parameters. The results of the 500-kw horizontal axis wind turbine show that Sugeno FIS has higher stability in output power generation than Mamdani FIS. Also, optimal HT3-FPIDC based on Mamdani FIS with PSO provides 19.74 % lower absolute summation error (ASE) than Sugeno FIS in optimal HT2-FLC with PSO and 39.03 % lower ASE than optimal HT1-FLC based on Sugeno FIS with PSO. Finally, the proposed optimal HT3-FPIDC based on PSO and Mamdani FIS provides the optimal results in terms of consistent output power generation at rated value.
Background: The immunogenetic predisposition
may be considered as an important factor for the
development of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM)
in association with the HLA antigens.
Objective:This study was designed to investigate
the role of HLA-class II antigens in the etiology of
type T1DM and in prediction of this disease in
siblings, and its effect on expression of glutamic
acid decarboxylase autoantibodies (GADA).
methods:Sixty children who were newly diagnosed
type 1 diabetes (diagnosed less than five months)
were selected. Their age ranged from 3-17 years.
Another 50 healthy siblings were available for this
study, their ages range from 3-16 years. Eighty
apparently healthy control subjects, 
In the present study, magnet silica-coated Ag2WO4/Ag2S nanocomposites (FOSOAWAS) were fabricated via a multistep method to address the drawbacks related to single photocatalysts (pure Ag2WO4 and pure Ag2S) and to clarify the significant influence of semiconductor heterojunction on the enhancement of visible-light-driven organic degradation. Different techniques were performed to investigate the elemental composition, morphology, magnetic and photoelectrochemical properties of the fabricated FOSOAWAS photocatalyst. The FOSOAWAS photocatalyst (1 g/L) exhibited excellent photodegradation efficiency (99.5%) against Congo red dye (CR = 20 ppm) after 140 min of visible-light illumination. This result confirmed the ability of the heterojunction be
... Show MoreThe research aims to prepare a preliminary feasibility study that shows the importance of preliminary feasibility study in investment decision making, carrying out of the local demand of service provided in accordance with international standards and statement of investment opportunities available to the private sector in several investment methods. In order to reach the objectives of the study was adopted as a method of partial analysis at the level of economic unity through the study demand, supply, costs, economic and social profitability.
The health sector in Iraq is one of the service sectors facing today a continuous deficiency
... Show MoreBackground/purpose: Dental implantology involves different treatments that have been used in conjunction with dental implant surgery to increase implant stability and bone regeneration process. Photobiomodulation( PBM) can be one of these techniques. The objective of this study was to evaluate the bone density around implants. Materials and methods: in this study, 10 individuals had 20 implants inserted in the posterior of their mandibles. each patient received two implants the left side served as the control whereas the right side served as the study group with a diode laser (same patients). measurements were made for each implant. Measurements were obtained using cone-
... Show More: zonal are included in phraseological units, form metaphorical names for a person, give him various emotional and evaluative characteristics. This article examines the topic of zoomorphic metaphors that characterize a person in the Russian and Arabic languages in the aspect of their comparative analysis, since the comparative analysis of the metaphorical meanings of animalisms is an important method for studying cultural linguistics, since zoomorphic metaphors are a reflection of culture in a language.
This work introduces a new electrode geometry for making holes with high aspect ratios on AISI 304 using an electrical discharge drilling (EDD) process. In addition to commercially available cylindrical hollow electrodes, an elliptical electrode geometry has been designed, manufactured, and implemented. The principal aim was to improve the removal of debris formed during the erosion process that adversely affects the aspect ratio, dimensional accuracy, and surface integrity. The results were compared and discussed to evaluate the effectiveness of electrode geometry on the machining performance of EDD process with respect to the material removal rate (MRR,) the electrode wear rate (EWR), and the tool wear ratio (TWR). Dimensional features an
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