In this paper, the point estimation method for parameters  and  of the parameters of the Exponential-Rayleigh distribution have been estimated by using the simulation technique by using two Bayesian estimation methods; The first Bayesian method of estimation  consists of  standard Bayesian estimation  methods and the second Bayesian estimation method consists lindley approximation Bayes estimation method to estimate all the unknown parameters  of Exponential-Rayleigh distribution. Comparisons between these two methods were made by employing the Mean squares error criterion. Applying a simulation technique with different sample sizes, these methods are being compared. The simulation procedure is used to generate some sample s

Human identification is crucial in forensics for the investigation of large-scale disasters such as fires, epidemics, earthquakes, and tsunamis. Even though biometric identification using panoramic dental radiography (PDR) has been the subject of several studies in the literature, further study remains a necessary and challenging issue. In this research, a human identification system was developed based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) and contour transform (CT). The proposed system was implemented on a total of 1540 PDR from 302 individuals. The preprocessing applied to PDRs for enhancing and taking the Region of Interest (ROI). The features were extracted using CT transform. These features were fused with features extracted from

The ongoing issue of unauthorized image distribution poses a serious modern challenge. This research introduces an innovative dual image watermarking technique that determines a potential embedding area in a small 4×4 DCT block and employs a hybrid approach of NSST-LWT-DCT-SVD to ensure efficient copyright protection. The watermark images are integrated using the red and green channels. These channels are then transformed using NSST-LWT to extract the low-frequency sub-band. Following this, the low-frequency section is divided into 4×4 blocks. The Human Visual System (HVS) is then used to select the appropriate blocks, which are transformed using DCT. Certain coefficients from the middle frequency of the DCT are chosen for decompositio

This study included the synthsised of new nanocomposites using hydrothermal and sol-gel methods by preparing a mixture of metal oxides from their salts using the hydrothermal method, and then using the sol-gel method, the mixture of prepared metal oxides was reacted with polyaniline (as a substrate) prepared immediately through the polymerization of aniline (monomer). Nanocomposites consisting of polyaniline and various metal oxides (PANI-MO) were synthesized using a combination of hydrothermal and sol-gel techniques. This study employed metal oxides (MO) including zinc oxide (ZnO), copper oxide (CuO), and cobalt oxide (CoO). Metal oxides were added to the PANI to create nanocomposites nickelcobalt oxides (NiO: CoO) and nickel-copper oxi

     Land use and land cover (LULC) are fundamental components of the Earth's surface, representing the environment and influencing the lives of both human and natural communities, as well as their mutual interactions. Following the announcement of Amaravati as the capital city of the newly formed state of Andhra Pradesh, Land use and land cover (LULC) in the Amaravati region have undergone profound changes over the past decade, primarily due to anthropogenic activities resulting from urbanization. This study aims to identify and analyze general trends in Land Use/Land Cover Change (LULCC) that have occurred in the study area over a 12-year period, specifically from 2009 to 2021, using geospatial tools such as Remote Sensing and GIS

Enterococci are a significant cause of hospital-acquired infections and have emerged as a global public health issue. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and characteristics of Enterococcus faecalis in local clinical samples, as well as to examine their biofilm-forming potential and antibiotic susceptibility profiles. Samples were collected from Medical City Hospitals in Baghdad city from November 2023 to February 2024. E. faecalis bacterium was isolated and identified from 120 clinical samples (tooth canal, blood, tissue and urine samples) through biochemical tests, with confirmation using Vitek 2 system. The total percentage of isolation for E. faecalis was 54.16% where 16.7% of tooth root canal and 50%

Hypothyroidism, the most common clinical condition associated with thyroid hormone deficiency, can pose significant health risks. Adipokines, such as resistin and adiponectin, are hormones secreted by adipose tissue. Research has shown that lipid profiles and adipokine levels are altered in individuals with thyroid dysfunction. The aim of this study was to evaluate serum levels of adiponectin and resistin in Iraqi women newly diagnosed with hypothyroidism and to investigate the relationship between such levels of thyroid hormones and lipid profile. The study included one hundred women in the age 20-50 years old. They were split into two groups: fifty patients with recently diagnosed hypothyroidism and fifty healthy women who are as co

Ongoing substance abuse poses substantial public health concerns, primarily due to its wide-ranging impact on physiological processes. This study investigates the biochemical and hematological alterations associated with long-term drug abuse and seeks to elucidate the broader physiological consequences for both clinical assessment and public health planning. In the present case-control study, 100 male participants were divided into 60 drug abusers and 40 non-abusers. Thyroid hormones, liver enzymes, kidney function tests, and hematological tests like CBC (complete blood count) were analyzed in blood samples. There were notable differences between the groups; drug abusers showed higher serum levels of T4, urea, ALP, alanine transamina

This study aimed to elucidate the roles of heparin, adenosine, N-cadherin, and β-catenin in cancer, with the ultimate goal of identifying a novel therapeutic target that can be combined with chemotherapy to enhance the host immune response against cancer. A pilot study was conducted in the main medical hospital in Baghdad (medical city-oncology teaching hospital). A total of 60 blood samples were collected from women with breast cancer aged 25-65 years, along with 30 blood samples from apparently healthy women aged matched with patients. The samples were divided into three groups: 30 newly diagnosed patients untreated breast cancer, 30 patients undergoing chemotherapy (Adriamycin + cyclophoshomide), and 30 health control individuals. Th

  In this paper, we explore the geometric properties and tensor components of C₅ ⊕ C₁₂ -manifolds. Firstly, we established the characteristics identity of this class on G-structure adjoined space and found the equivalent conditions for the defining condition of the class in terms of Kirichenko’s tensors. Furthermore, the Cartan structure equations, components of the Riemannian curvature tensor, and the Ricci tensor are derived of this class. Finally, we introduced the appropriate conditions for these manifolds to be Einstein manifolds.

Compensation is one of the most discussed topics in the arena of civil law that requires research About solutions to the damages that arise from the promotion of extremist ideas, which were imposed by the developments taking place in society and the increasing escalation of accidents and their increasing risks, which now threaten individuals and their property on a daily basis in large numbers, as the injured party always seeks to require quick compensation from the person responsible for the damage that satisfies his desires and removes the effects of the damage caused, The importance of compensation increases if the violation affects a person’s physical integrity or his right to life, which is the highest right recognized for humans in

Judicial jurisprudence is one of the important legal solutions to address the shortcomings of legislation. Throughout its long history, human societies have known many cases in which the judge finds himself facing a legislative vacuum in addition to civil legal texts that are difficult for the judge to implement due to ambiguity or contradiction, which requires diligence. To rule on resolving disputes before him in order not to deny justice, but the judge in his jurisprudence was not absolute, but rather bound by certain controls represented by observing the wisdom of legislation on the one hand and taking into account the nature of the texts on the other side, and from here this research came to shed light on the jurisprudence and its cont

The process of discovering pharmaceuticals is of great importance in our contemporary life, in a way that without life becomes almost impossible, as this process is the first building block in the field of pharmaceutical industries to search for new methods and means of treatment and treatment. But in fact, the fact that talking about this process is not that simple and easy, because this process is complicated and difficult in a way that makes it take a time range that in some cases reaches what is permissible ten years to reach a chemical formula that can be used later in the manufacturing process Pharmacokinetics, and during this long period of time, this process will have a set of effects, some of which are specific to the researcher di

Modern agriculture is challenged by soil degradation, nutrient depletion, plant diseases, and excessive dependence on chemical fertilizers and pesticides. By examining different strains of Pantoea, the study highlights their role in promoting plant growth, improving their tolerance to stress, reducing reliance on synthetic agricultural inputs, and contributing to more sustainable and environmentally friendly agricultural practices. Using a combination of practical qualitative methods and reliable quantitative data, the research gathers extensive information on how these microbes impact various crops and key soil health indicators. The improvements in plant growth statistics and nutrient levels are often quite astonishing. The result

The essay discusses how different environmental factors affect plant growth by explaining how each factor affects the physiological processes within the plant. The essay begins by explaining the effect of temperature on plant growth, as high or low temperatures can significantly affect the rate of photosynthesis and lead to a reduction in water and nutrient absorption. It also discusses the light intensity impacting plants because the more appropriate the light intensity is, the more enhanced the plant's photosynthesis ability, and in the excess or insufficient light condition, the growth can be inhibited. Additionally, the article outlines the effect of water shortage on the plant because this leads to the closure of stomata to avoid water

Time crosses one of the most important principles that are agreed upon in contracts, because the temporal dimension has a significant impact on all contract provisions and is not limited to a certain group of them. French and Arab legal jurists alike called for this dimension to be given special attention. That is the term of the contract term; To try to limit the temporal elements, clarify their provisions and distinguish between them, but in the Arab world it did not receive the same attention that it received in the West.

The objective of this article is to study the impact of environmental pollution on air, water, and soil quality with a focus on the role of environmental bacteria in bioremediation of pollutants. The research also addresses the ability of some strains of bacteria to remove heavy metals and petroleum hydrocarbons and degrade toxic substances, resulting in improved environmental quality. Outcomes: Empirical studies reveal that environmental pollution leads to significant health and environmental problems, such as a rise in respiratory disease as a result of air pollution, water pollution that affects aquatic life, and soil pollution that decreases crop output. Other bacterial strains such as Pseudomonas, Bacillus, and Streptomyces have also b

The physician's commitment to medical insight is affected by several factors that vary from patient to patient in terms of the nature of the disease, the severity of the disease, the age of the patient, and the purpose of undergoing medical intervention. There are circumstances surrounding patients that require the physician to reduce the insight towards them, by concealing medical information. The physician must firmly commit to expanding the scope of his vision to a wider extent than in normal medical work. Therefore, we will discuss in this regard the cases in which medical explanation is reduced and the cases that require confirmation in the following order.

Is no longer a football player looks to sport as a means of entertainment and physical development. But become see as part of The economic and is getting in return for the effort of، Through a contract with a club to organize the activity which is called a contract of professional, This contract is similar to the rest of the contracts in terms of problems and dispute that arise during the implementation or after it ends because of the nature of sports to such disputes and privacy being subject to special rules (regulations, national and international professional) required that subject to judicial bodies private mission confined settle sports disputes these entities and is affiliated unions legal committees and the court of arbitration for

Gliotoxin (GT) is sulfur-containing mycotoxin within the 2,5-diketopiperazines class. First discovery from Gliocladium. Later discovered from different strains belonging to Aspergillus fumigatus mainly those have glicluster. This study outlines a study on the histological effects of gliotoxin (GT) on mouse brain and spleen tissues using light and electron microscopy, with a focus on its interaction with matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Histopathological changes through MMPs expressing variability estimated by using Immunohistochemistry (IHC). Mature mice were injected intraperitoneally with acute doses determined by data response analysis (EC50/IC50) as (125, 250, and 500 μg/ml) of GT and compared with a control group that received (metha

The world faced many communication challenges in 2020 after the Covid-19 pandemic, the most important of which was the continuation of schooling. Therefore, the research aimed to analyze the current reality of the studied universities in terms of strengths and weaknesses and measure the implementing level of quality requirements of e-learning. This research studies the impact of knowledge sharing in its dimensions (behavior, organizational culture, work teams, and technology) on the e-learning quality and its dimensions (e-learning management, educational content, evaluation ,and evaluation). After conducting the survey, there was a difference in the universities’ application of the quality requirements of e-learning, as the study

Afield experiment was conducted in the college of Agriculture labs Sulaimanya University in 2014 to estimate the genetic variance between 12 genotypes of maize. (SSR) technology was used depending on (PCR) technology. Twenty primers were used for the genetic variance analysis between the studied genotypes and 15 primers showed polymorphic results in repeated experiment caused to experinse 52 alleles which gave 307 bands of range 3.1 by different molecular sizes ranged between 80-1000 pair base the value of PIC reached to phi069 gave high value (0.8785), the range of genetic diversity for studied genotypes reached to (0.625) gave primers pairs phi069 hig value for genetic diversity (0.888). The value of total allele replication ranged at pri

Nanotechnology extends the limits of molecular diagnostics to the nanoscale. This study describes some of the details of how the body interacts with nanoparticles. Biological tests measuring the presence or activity of selected substances become quicker, more sensitive, and more flexible when certain nanoscale particles are put to work as tags. Particular emphasis is placed on the effects of surface changes on body-borne particles, their transport within the body, and the dose-response effect. Other considerations include the definition of "persistent" in the context of therapy, FDA scientific committees, and the need for nanoparticle tracking. In short, there have been dramatic changes in molecular and genetic research findings, as well as

Penetrating cardiac injuries caused by nail guns are exceedingly rare but often life-threatening, with reports showing an increasing trend. We described the case of an adolescent male who sustained accidental cardiac penetration by an iron nail while performing carpentry work. Rapid referral to a specialized cardiac center enabled timely surgical intervention, illustrating the pivotal role of early recognition, expedited transfer, and expert management in optimizing outcomes. This case also highlights the grave risks associated with the employment of minors in hazardous occupational settings, where exposure to unsafe environments may lead to catastrophic consequences.

A factorial experiment was conducted at the College of Education for Pure Sciences Ibn al Haitham/University of Baghdad for the 2023 growing season to study the effect of the biofertilizer represented by the mycorrhizae vaccine and the NPK Nano fertilizer on some indicators of vegetative and root growth, yield, and volatile oil production of the basil plant, Ocimum basilicum L., the experiment included two factors. The rst factor was mycorrhizae inoculum at 2 levels: 0 (no addition) and an addition of 25 g plant–1, as the seeds were inoculated upon planting. The second factor was spraying the plant’s shoots with NPK Nano fertilizer at four levels (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5) g l–1. The results showed a signicant eect of the treatment of inocula

Indonesia is a country rich in natural resources, one of which is gold deposits scattered across several locations, including the islands of Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, Maluku, Nusa Tenggara and Papua.  This study aims to (1) determine the type of alteration contained in the research area based on the altered mineral set resulting from the alteration process and the characteristics of gold deposits in metamorphic rocks in the study area, (2) determine the mineralisation characteristics of gold deposits by conducting geochemical analysis, (3) determine the type of metamorphic facies in host-rocks Gold deposits in the research area, (4) explain how the distribution of gold content from the results of geochemical analysis, (5) explain the gen

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has severely affected worldwide health, but the prediction of patient mortality remains difficult to achieve accurately. Current predictive methods mainly concentrate on clinical condition measurements without a complete view of death predictions. This research fills the void between advanced modelling through XGBoost and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) for improved COVID-19 mortality prediction analysis. We applied a systematic four-phase approach to collect data from the "COVID-19 Symptoms Dataset containing symptoms and death cases as well as mortality rates and confirmed cases, " prior to data processing and analysis stages, including cleaning, visualization and feature analysis, followed by the implementatio

 In this study, silica gel (SG) derived from steel slag (SS) was utilized as an adsorbent for the removal process of lead, nickel and cadmium, both individually and in combination. Experimental results demonstrated that steel slag was successfully converted into silica gel by chemical and thermal treatments, yielding a material composed of 95.61% silica with a specific surface area of 472.38 m²/g. Monitoring of adsorption processes highlighted the considerable impact of contact time, pH, temperature, stirring speed, and initial concentration on these processes. The amounts absorbed after 50 minutes of contact for lead, nickel, and cadmium were 144.74, 133.14 and 126.89 mg/g. However, for the mixture, it had reached 119.12 mg/

Query optimization in relational databases is a costly process, and the number of different permutations of link operations for a query grows exponentially as the number of tables in the query increases. Current query optimization techniques are unsuitable for use in cases where the number of database tables and the number of rows in each table are large. On the other hand, the key to the success of a database system is the efficiency of its query model. Therefore, this research proposes a method for optimizing query execution by rearranging query structures.

Due to the increasing importance of reducing the execution time of the optimal design in the connection operation with a large number of tables and minimizing the execution t

The author's previous covered the concept of fuzzy normed linear space into hesitant fuzzy normed linear space. This work introduces hesitant fuzzy n-normed linear space as a generalization of n-normed space in addition to the generic t-norm, which is the major objective, and provides an expanding family of S*-n-norms that correspond to fuzzy n-norms. The decomposition theorem of a hesitant fuzzy norm into a set of crisp norms has been proven to fail when a t-norm other than "min" is used. This paper also addresses essential conclusions for fuzzy normed linear spaces of limited dimensions within a broad t-norm framework.