The rent is one of the sources of investment that generates returns for the owner of the housing unit, and it is also one of the importance expenditure for the tenant.

The importance of this research comes in addressing the deficiency in the field of analyzing the factors affecting the rental value of residential units, which affects many segments of the population of Baghdad.

The aim of this research is analyze and evaluate related variables on the rent value of residential units in neighbourhood 409 in city of BAGHDAD, which is a hypothesis that: There are a set of variables affecting the rental value, including those related to the internal environment of the dwelling, such as: income level, plot area, building area, n

This study seeks to shed light on the aspects of visual pollution and its impact on the aesthetics of the town of Al-Eizariya known to suffer from the phenomenon. In order to identify the real causes of the problem which develops in various forms and patterns, threatening not only the aesthetic appearance of the towns, but also causes the emergence of new problems and phenomena that will have negative repercussions on the population. The researcher uses the analytical descriptive method to analyze the phenomenon of visual pollution in terms of reality, development, manifestations and spread and uses photos which document the visual pollution and its impact on the aesthetics of the known. The study concluded the existence of a strong rela

problem of the research is the decline of the role of urban space with time as an influential system in societal relations. The research aims to define indicators for achieving social interaction in the city, and to determine indicators for achieving integration in the urban space, and to study the relationship between the integration of urban space and community interaction over time. the research assumed that by distinguishing the social interaction space from the urban space and developing urban spaces in order to be truly interactive spaces, this will help us achieve social interaction and build a positive relationship between them, which enables us to achieve integration within the urban spaces leading to social interaction. Because

رغم المساحات الشاسعة التي تشغلها الصحاري في العالم ألا أنها ما زالت بعيدة عن التطور الحضاري و التنمية الذي تتميز به المناطق الأخرى، فهي مناطق شبه مهملة لا تمتد أليها يد العمران ألا في أماكن محددة و الأغراض خاصة

و الصحراء العراقية تشكل مساحة شاسعة تقدر ب (٥/٣) مساحة العراق ، لذا لابد وان تأخذ تلك المنطقة أهمية خاصة باعتبارها جزءا "مهما" من ارض العراق وثروته الطبيعية فهي. بالإضافة إلى ما تمتلكه من موارد متنو

We need to know the basic facts concerning planning top and bottom limits including any critical levels or the threshold over which the cost would be much higher for land development. Therefore this paper concerned with Baghdad Municipality decision No.2/1004 dated 7/12/2004. The reason behind this decision is the hope to face up at least in the severe housing crisis in the city of Baghdad. This paper attempts to know the attitude of the local community in the general through a field study of people living near such dwelling where third floors are added of. This might indicate any positive or negative effects whether on short or long-term including its effect on the theoretical side including the population growth of Baghdad, the

the visual and aesthetic characteristics of the city depending on understanding several levels of visual and aesthetic characteristics to the city, starting with the study of the physical characteristics and morphology of the city in general, and urban style to it, and then study of visual composition of the city from the optical components that affect the composition of the image (visual composition) of the city represent by pathways, borders, regions and the specific features as classified by (Kevin Lynch), and then studying the details and the attention of all elements that would confer the beautiful appearance as necessary for the needs of society and the environment in general, for example, interest in the distribution and c

تهدف هذه،الدراسة،الى تقييم مستوى العدالة،المكانية في توزيع الخدمات الاجتماعية لبرنامج تنمية،الاقاليم،في واسط،2011-2022، من خلال البعد،المكاني لقطاعي الصحة،والتربية. بالإضافة الى العلاقة بين تخصيصات برنامج تنمية الاقاليم وعناصر (الفجوة،الخدمية، والسكان، المساحة، الامكانية الزراعية المتاحة)، فقد تم استعمال معامل جيني ومنحني لورنز في قياس التفاوت في التوزيع الامثل للخدمات وتمثيلها مكانيا باستعمال

Water scarcity is a growing concern, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. Sea of Najaf in Iraq is one such region facing water scarcity, with the lake serving as a crucial water source for the local population. Remote sensing systems "RS" and geographic information systems "GIS" are important techniques for monitoring environmental and land cover changes. This paper focuses on Sentinel-2B imagery for surface water mapping in the Sea of Najaf and evaluating the performance of maximum likelihood (MLC) classification method. The study area encompasses Sea of Najaf and its immediate surroundings. Two images for Sentinel-2B one image on December,29, 2015 and December,29,2022, were used for training and validating the classification mod

The developing countries can be distinguished by spatial disparities and by this a wide gap between urban and rural settlements were produced as well as the appearance of primate cities. The effect of spatial development as a dynamic and continuous process can be perceived in the state of population distribution inside settlements inter and intra regions as well as the hierarchy of urban settlements according to time series. The research proved that the improvement judgment of the structure of the urban system using Gene factor is not accurate because it cannot be accounted for the internal components of the system which make a contrariety between the whole judgment (country) and partial components (Provinces including Sulaimaniy

Value Engineering is an analytical study on projects or services using a specific procedure and a multidisciplinary working group, works for the identification and classification of the project functions; either for a better perfuming of these functions or to lessen the total project cost or the two together. Value Engineering main aim is on finding innovative alternatives, without effecting the basic requirements of the project, its methodology based on the functional balancing between the three elements of production "performance, quality and cost". This methodology based on the "functional analysis", had shown high possibilities in solving any problem facing the production procedure , achieve better investment for available re

This research discusses the rehabilitation of heritage markets in the historical centers of Islamic Arab cities and their use in the field of cultural tourism as one of the most important tourist attractions and the subsequent revival of the national economy in addition to preserving the urban heritage as these markets part of the historical centers of cities. The research also discusses the preservation of the continuity of heritage markets as a product of cultural heritage value within an integrated framework to preserve the urban heritage in the historic centers of cities. The study then reviews a number of experiences of Arab and Islamic countries in the field of preserving and rehabilitating heritage markets, which qualify them to b

يُعدُّ المخطط الاساس خطة شاملة تعمل على تنظيم المتغيرات الاجتماعية والاقتصادية في المدينة، الى جانب ذلك تنطيق وتنظيم استعمالات الارض لمدة (20 – 30) سنة قادمة، وهو الناتج الوثائقي والمرئي للعملية التخطيطية. من  أبرز المشاكل البحث  ان المخططات الاساس المعدة لمدينة بغداد تعاني استمرار التغييرات رسمية وغير رسمية التي تحصل في استعمالات الأرض وعلى حساب الاستعمال الترفيهي ، وهذا يسبِّب خللاً في توزان الاستعم

The research target is to Know the extent influence of the neighborhood planning and architectural concept on the cities. as the importance of the residential areas represent 40-60% from the cities areas gives, The neighborhood planning concepts their important and their effects on the type of the urban physical pattern mode formation

The formation of the residential areas correlated organically with physical structure and geographical environment which grow organically parallel to the city expansion and population increase. The residential neighborhood development influenced by social, economical and cultural environment of the cities according to the special and time which defined it's concept.

           In the nineteenth century, a new type of cities appeared, known as new cities located on the edges of major cities, and these cities began to  decentralization, urban studies turned to this type of cities to find out the most important reasons for the emergence of new cities and find out what those cities will become . Therefore, we will discuss in this research how the urban emergence of these cities (edge cities) occurs, so the research formulates its problem : The need to know the stages that edge cities go through, ending with their emergence, and the mechanisms that cities take within their context  ( regeneration or adaptation ), Assuming that edge cities are a

The aim of this study is to explain methods to be followed for the recovery Alsnav Hor, who represents the northwest portion of the Hammar Marsh in the province of Dhi Qar, after the drought in which that happened in 2008. The study included description of the region before the drought, the description of its natural and human environments, the economic events and activities, then the study included drought throughout the region, the environmental impacts caused by drought, its impact on social reality, economic and healthy for its environment, and then reached to the problems of social and economic in the region, depending on the Field studies and documented in the specialized government departments, information analysis for the

Governance in emerging cities struggles in meeting people's expectations and requirements. Most international reports highlight the problem of service provision, guarantee and long-term sustainability. As cities and towns grow swiftly and irrevocably, they encounter resource and capacity constraints in managing the urbanization process. The experiences and strategic urban development plans in Lebanon have failed to meet the needs of people in the short and long term, which has prevented it from keeping pace with international developments and strategic planning approaches that are in line with the aspirations of any country.

It has become necessary to identify obstacles to strategic planning that prevent significant progress in k

يسعى هذا البحث إلى دراسة مفهوم أنسنة المدن بوصفه أداة أساسية لتعزيز الـمشاركة المـجتمعية وتحسين نوعية الحياة في المناطق الحضرية، مع التركيز على مدينة بسـماية  في العــراق بوصفها نموذجًا عمليًا. تنبع الدراسة من إشكالية رئيسة تتعلَّق بضعف التفاعل الاجتماعي وغياب الانسجام بين الــبنية التـحتية والأنشطة المجتمعية. وتفترض أن تطبيق مبادئ أنسنة المدن يسهم في تعزيز التماسك الاجتماعي ودعم التنمية المستدامة.

          The study of services in villages is one of the imperative matters that must   be focused on, because it leads to increased attention, which reduces the differences between the countryside and the urban. The extent of its.

  It is well known that community services need to be reached by a person, unlike the anchor services that reach people, here the population distribution plays an important and prominent role in signing these services, so the dispersed distribution pattern and the gathering pattern appeared in the distribution, thus an effect on the time and distance that the person walked to obtain The services are community-based. Therefore

This study try to discovering continuity in heritage, from its engaged with emotional side, the core of study is Islamic architectural, these architectural result still estate with time, due to role of it with Islam law, importance of continuity from finding real things of essential architects result The research reaching to concept of thoughtstaying, for Islamic heritage, as basic factor in continuity process by it is architecture. The mostly searches seeing imitation of figures as recently events, or as final result to stage conditions state, but we must remember the Islamic thinking as base stone to architecture results

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Population density represents an important indicator for determining the growth of the size of urban areas. Population density has a direct impact on the quality of life, and its excessive rise may lead to the deterioration of basic service facilities. The problem of the research is that the increase in the total population densities of the residential neighborhood may reflect negatively on the nature of the services provided to the residents in these shops, and thus the failure to achieve sustainability in the residential locality. The research assumes that the increase in population densities negatively affects the achievement of sustainability in the residential neighborhood.

Obiovisly that the holy thresholds are directly related to Islam and Muslims and related to the general culture of the Islamic peoples. In terms of architecture, it is considered a distinctive architectural scene that reviews the history of this origin and its architectural styles. Recently, with the increase in the number of pilgrims and visitors to the holy shrines, there is a need to develop and expand the buildings and provide them with services and introduce modern technology. The building of the holy thresholds consists of a number of functional design indicators: The general problem of research is that there is no clear theoretical framework for the design indicators for the development of the holy shrines according to the functio

Waste is one of the most important problems affecting the city’s environment and its urban landscape, which results from the activities and activities of man and the natural environment. Its sources have varied between residential, commercial, industrial, medical and hazardous, and its spread in cities, on roads and on abandoned open lands, has led to significant negative effects and risks to human health and the environment.

  Therefore, there were serious attempts to deal with waste and follow sequential steps that formed a waste management system such as (collection, sorting, transport, then treatment and disposal). Preventing and reducing waste, then recycling and recovering by composting or burning, and ending with bu

The excessive and rapid urban growth witnessed by most cities in the world can be a cause of diseases and epidemics, especially those problems related to population, which include problems of transportation and increase in density in the centers, in addition to the lack of interest in planning and designing those cities to take into account the health aspect of the city and obtain The health well-being of the population, and each of these problems has negative effects on health in general and on human health in particular through its prevalence. Therefore, many concepts that serve as a tool for achieving public health and the physical health of the population have emerged, including the concept of city health, which is defined as cities