Governments allocate large sums of money annually to establish educational projects such as schools, given the importance of the education sector in the development of society. However, most of these projects suffer from poor performance. This research aims to identify the most important factors that affect educational projects in order to improve their performance and make them a suitable environment for education. Through a review of previous literature, a questionnaire was prepared to obtain the required data, which included five main categories covering a range of factors that affect performance. It was distributed to a number of specialized engineers, with different academic degrees and job titles, working in the ed

One zinc-27 % aluminum alloy (ZA-27) with excellent corrosion resistance and high hardness is ZA-27, making it suitable for industrial applications such as vehicle parts. The alloy works better in tough mechanical conditions because it has carbide particles, like SiC or TiC, added to it, which make it harder, more resistant to wear, and improve its internal structure. Using Minitab statistical software, the design of experiments (DOE) was utilized to conduct studies with a statistical two-level factorial experimental design. The effect of three parameters, SiC particles percentage (X1), stirring speed (X2), and stirring time (X3), was studied on the tensile characteristics of the SiC-enhanced ZA-27. The ingot was smelted

In recent years, there has been exponential growth in the Internet of Things (IoT) in various sectors, especially healthcare. The traditional healthcare sector has faced several challenges, such as poor health services, crowding and queuing at medical centers, and manual searches for or missing patient records; a smart health system is needed to overcome these challenges. This study presents the design and implementation of end-to-end IoT architecture, which is built by the integration of various open-source technologies. The pulse care system is implemented using Node.js and React.js, which offer features such as electronic health records (EHR), smart appointments, prescription documentation, and health monitoring. Addi

Substantial amounts of data concerning the-fatigue performance tests are presented. These data contain the information about results that are expressed by means of the fatigue equation parameters Different fatigue tess are included using different types of mixes. The collected information was not similar n all aspects. Some studies included variables. which were not considered by others. The different representations of the fatigue equation makes it necessary to find the relations between the parameters of these different equations in order to study all the data together. The colleeted data were examined statistically to check its consistency; that is to say, they belong to the same population. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for goodness of

Two types of steel alloys (St.17Mn1Si and st.22MnAl) and their fusion welded parts applying different thermal treatment techniques were tested electrochemically. Their electrochemical characteristic including: the electrochemical potential values and current density of the base metals, heat affected zones and welding pools are estimated. Correlations are developed to express the effect of the electrochemical potential of the heat affected zone as an additional independent variable of the models. Also the evaluation of corrosion resistance behavior of welded alloys used as corrosion medium 3% NaCI solution in presence of air, oxygen and carbon dioxide for 3300 hrs were investigated visually and experimentally using different techiniques.

Medium Access Control (MAC) spoofing attacks relate to an attacker altering the manufacturer assigned MAC address to any other value. MAC spoofing attacks in Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) network are simple because of the ease of access to the tools of the MAC fraud on the Internet like MAC Makeup, and in addition to that the MAC address can be changed manually without software. MAC spoofing attacks are considered one of the most intensive attacks in the WiFi network; as result for that, many MAC spoofing detection systems were built, each of which comes with its strength and weak points. This paper logically identifies and recognizes the weak points
and masquerading paths that penetrate the up-to-date existing detection systems. Then the

Cracks may appear in structures due to manufacturing processes and some time are appeared in the structure product from casting, these struetures may be used but in the life less than the design life according to crack propagation on it. In this research a thick cylinder has one crack or more is investigated to estimate the life under pulsation internal pressure. Finite element method with J-integral approach has been used to evaluate the numerical strain energy release rate (J) for the thick cylinder and the stress intensity factor (SIF J-integral method is most accurate method to evaluate the SIF for the elastic-plastic materiel by considering the local plastic zone near crack tip. Software developed using the FEM; J-integral; SIF and

    Heat exchanger is an important device in the industry for cooling or heating process. To increase the efficiency of heat exchanger, nanofluids are used to enhance the convective heat . transfer relative to the base fluid. - Al2O3/water nanofluid is used as cold stream in the shell and double concentric tube heat exchanger counter current to the hot stream basis oil. These nanoparticles were of particle size of 40 nm and it was mixed with a base fluid (water) at volume
concentrations of 0.002% and 0.004%. The results showed that each of Nusselt number and overall heat transfer coefficient increased as nanofluid concentrations increased. The pressure drop of nanofluid increased slightly than the base fluid because

In this work a study and calculation of the normal approach between two bodies, spherical and rough flat surface, had been conducted by the aid of image processing technique. Four kinds of metals of different work hardening index had been used as a surface specimens and by capturing images of resolution of 0.006565 mm/pixel a good estimate of the normal approach may be obtained the compression tests had been done in strength of material laboratory in mechanical engineering department, a Monsanto tensometer had been used to conduct the indentation tests.
A light section measuring equipment microscope BK 70x50 was used to calculate the surface parameters of the texture profile like standard deviation of asperity peak heights, centre lin

In this study, a dynamic analysis of machine foundations under vertical excitations is carried out.
The effect of embedment and foundation geometry has been taken into account. The stiffness and
damping of soil are considered as frequency dependents. A computer program (CPESP) in FORTRAN POWER STATION has been coded to evaluate the stiffness and damping coefficients depending on excitation frequency and embedment depth. Results have shown that increasing the embedment depth leads to increasing the resonant frequency and decreasing the amplitude of vibration.

This paper describes two new developed detection processes for a modem over the public
switched telephone network. The modem is a synchronous serial system using a 16-point
QAM signal with a detector. The detector is preceded by an adaptive filter that is adjusted
to make the sampled impulse response of the channel and filter minimum phase. The idea
of these two new detectors is to transmit a known retraining data every specified interval
and make use of these known data to improve the conventional nonlinear equalizer and
near maximum likelihood detector.
Results of computer simulation tests are presented comparing tolerance to additive white
Gaussian noise with retraining and with out retraining. The detectors wi

In this investigation, metal matrix composites (MMC_s) were manufactured by using powder technology. Aluminum 6061 is reinforced with two different ceramics particles (SiC and B₄C) with different volume fractions as (3, 6, 9 and 12 wt. %). The most important applications of particulate reinforcement of aluminum matrix are: Pistons, Connecting rods etc. The specimens were prepared by using aluminum powder with 150 µm in particle size and SiC, B₄C powder with 200 µm in particle size. The chosen powders were mixed by using planetary mixing setup at 250 rpm for 4hr.with zinc stearate as an activator material in steel ball milling. After mixing process the powders were compacted by hydraulic

In this paper the finite element method has been used to determine the fundamental natural
frequencies of a pre-twisted plate mounted on the periphery of a rotating disc. Three dimensional,
finite element programs was built using three noded triangular shell element as a discretization
element for cantilever plate, this element has six degrees of freedom at each node. All formulations
and computations are coded in (FORTRAN-77). The investigation covers the effect of speed of
rotation, disc radius, aspect ratio, pre-twist angle and skew angle on the vibration characteristics of
rotating cantilever plate. For this analysis, the initial stress effect (geometric stiffness) and other
rotational effects except the corioles

Tacheometry is used to measure the lengths of traverse sides, to check the more accurate taped distances in order to uncover gross errors or mistakes and to determine differences of elevation between points. It's most general use is found in the compilation of planimetric and topographic maps by field methods alone, by which distances, elevations and directions to points are to be determined from field control points whose positions have been established by a higher order of accuracy. The principles of stadia measurement by use of the transit or theodolite or total station is one of the main method of tacheometry. This paper presents the principles of stadia measurement and a computer program MSM (Modeling the Stadia Measurements). The p

This paper proposes a self organizing fuzzy controller as an enhancement level of the fuzzy controller. The adjustment mechanism provides explicit adaptation to tune and update the position of the output membership functions of the fuzzy controller. Simulation results show that this controller is capable of controlling a non-linear time varying system so that the performance of the system improves so as to reach the desired state in a less number of samples.

Today, the term "sustainability" became one of the most important concepts of interest in scientific and academic debates. The modern approaches in planning and architecture call for respect of the environment and its ecological system through the harmony among three aspects: economical performance social responsibility and protection behaviors on environment, which is called "sustainable architecture" Obviously, this term can be seen in traditional residential dwellings architecture through the interaction with its local environmental conditions This is what this research deals with by the study and analysis, to determinate the most important principles of traditional house design in terms of climate treatment , building materials choos

Historic fortresses are providing us with an immediate point of contact with old ages, are giving us different images because of different times and places, they are like materialistic messages from past generations to the present with a contemporary protect thought in order to be a motivation for present creative works, which were built to take military, political, social and economic role, to serve a whole variety of purposes this is what makes fortresses as specific architectural units, so the research concentrated on historic fortresses in Iraq and studied its architectural landmarks and design criteria, therefore the problem is appointed by little studies related to fortresses, and how should be developed, the aims of research are:

A two-dimensional depth-averaged hydrodynamic model and a two-dimensional water
quality parameters transport model were developed to simulate the characteristics of Al
Huwayza Marsh, which is considered the largest and most important marsh in the south of
Iraq. The hydrodynamic model for Al Huwayza Marsh was built by using RMA2 model,
while the water quality model was built by using RMA4 model. These two models are part of
Surface Water Modeling System, SMS, software package.
To investigate the effect of the marsh boundary configuration on the variation of the
velocity pattern and the water quality within the marsh, both of the hydrodynamic and the
water quality models were applied to three cases of boundary confi

This paper studies the main characteristics of the traditional urban configuration of Arab cities, as an important built heritage, discussing the approach adopted with such configuration at the local level, and examines its ability to preserve the character of the city, as well as, its responsiveness to the recent  requirements of its society that constantly change; in order to reach the appropriate procedures to deal with the traditional urban configuration of the Iraqi city to achieve a vital cultural communication with the vernacular built heritage, by dealing with the Form-Moral Values structure. Due to its importance within other traditional Iraqi cities, the research chose Al-Kadhimiya as a case study, so it discusses and compares

Reinforcement of refractory castables with steel fibers improves their strength for cracking and spalling and expands the service life.

The results show that raising the temperature from 700°C to 900°C causes an increase in porosityand decrease in bulk density for refractory castables. This happens because of decomposition of the hydraulic bond of alumina cement. When the temperature is raised higher than 900°C, ceramic bond is formed as a result of sol dreaction between alumina cement and bauxite aggregate. This leads to reduction of the porosity ar d aincrease in the bulk density. Steel fibers are affected positively in reducing the porosity ardaincreasing the bulk density for refractory castables. This positi

This work presents procedures to utilise the finite element results of magnetic flux density vector to create animation tile which displays rapidly successive frames, prepared by postprocessing ,leading to the effect of moving flux to the viewer .The method is applied to 2-D transformt or  model showing excellent animation effect of the alternating flux in both the core area and the leakage flux area. The method is useful in analysis as the dynamic flux monitoring gives more details than static display. The method can be used to produce instructional materials giving the student an impression of the natural behaviour of the electromagnetic devices.

This paper adapted the neural network for the estimating of the direction of arrival (DOA). It uses
an unsupervised adaptive neural network with APEX algorithm to extract the principal components
that in turn, are used by Capon method to estimate the DOA, where by the PCA neural network we
take signal subspace only and use it in Capon (i.e. we will ignore the noise subspace, and take the
signal subspace only)

When industrial and  constructional renaissance started in the world, the great interest was going on towards the equipment’s,  which was the first mean for production. After industry was settled the interest was going on towards the men ship which manpower on which the production depends. It was approved that it represents the basic part in all of the processes and the protection of those individuals against dangers of these equipment’s, industry and its accidents was the basic things which was studied in many researches until it crystallized in general principles for all industries and other take care in each industry.

     The professional safety is concerned as restrict which

Mass transfer was examined at a stationary rectangular copper electrode (cathode) by using the reduction of cupric ions as the electrochemical reaction. The influence of electrolyte temperature (25, 45, and 65 ^oC), and cupric ions concentration (4, 8, and 12 mM) on mass transfer coefficient were investigated by using limiting current technique. The mass transfer coefficient and hence the Sherwood number was correlated as Sh =

يبدو الاثر الكبير للمكونات الايكولوجية ..............

The  use  of  blended  cement  in  concrete  provides economic, energy savings,  and ecological  benefits, and also  provides. Improvement in the properties of materials incorporating blended cements. The  major  aim  of  this  investigation  is  to  develop  blended  cement  technology using  grinded local rocks . The research includes information on constituent materials, manufacturing processes and performance characteristics of blended cements made with replacement (10 and 20) % of grinded local rocks (limestone, quartzite and porcelinite) from cement.

The main conclusion of this study was that all ty

Fractal geometry is receiving increase attention as a quantitative and qualitative model for natural phenomena description, which can establish an active classification technique when applied on satellite images. In this paper, a satellite image is used which was taken by Quick Bird that contains different visible classes. After pre-processing, this image passes through two stages: segmentation and classification. The segmentation carried out by hybrid two methods used to produce effective results; the two methods are Quadtree method that operated inside Horizontal-Vertical method. The hybrid method is segmented the image into two rectangular blocks, either horizontally or vertically depending on spectral uniformity crit

Digital Elevation Model (DEM) is one of the developed techniques for relief representation.  The definition of a DEM construction is the modeling technique of earth surface from existing data. DEM plays a role as one of the fundamental information requirement that has been generally utilized in GIS data structures. The main aim of this research is to present a methodology for assessing DEMs generation methods. The DEMs data will be extracted from open source data e.g. Google Earth. The tested data will be compared with data produced from formal institutions such as General Directorate of Surveying. The study area has been chosen in south of Iraq (Al-Gharraf / Dhi Qar governorate. The methods of DEMs creation are kri

The present work covers the Face-Hobbing method for generation and simulation of meshing of Face hobbed hypoid gear drive. In this work the generation process of hobbed hypoid gear has been achieved by determination of the generation function of blade cutter. The teeth surfaces have been drawn depending on the simulation of the cutting process and the head cutter motion. Tooth contact analysis (TCA) of such gear drive is presented to evaluate analytically the transmission error function for concave and convex tooth side due to misalignment errors. TCA results show that the gear is very sensitive to misalignment errors and
the increasing of the gear teeth number decrease the transmission error for both concave and convex tooth sides a

The issue of noise transmission between residential units in high-rise buildings poses a significant challenge to privacy and auditory comfort, especially amid increasing urban expansion and population density. This study aims to address this problem by evaluating sound insulation strategies in high-rise residential units and assessing their alignment with international standards within local contexts. Six global residential projects were analyzed based on their adoption of advanced acoustic insulation solutions. The methodology involved examining key design elements such as the spatial distribution between quiet and noisy areas, and the use of insulation materials and techniques for walls, floors, ceilings, doors, and w