This study investigates fresh and hardened self-compacting concrete properties. LECA will be used in place of coarse aggregate in (0, 20, 40, and 60) % proportions in a partial replacement. First, four SCC mixes were made based on LECA volume fraction and then the second group was made by adding 1% glass fiber by volume to group one's mixes. Hardened concrete after 7, 28, and 56 days was tested for density, water absorption, and (compressive, splitting tensile, and flexural) strengths. Results suggest that LECA increases workability. Rising LECA percentage decreases compressive strength; for 60% LECA, the decrease was (51.90, 45.34, and 41.26) % for 7, 28, and 56 days, respectively. With 60% LECA replacement, flexural

The present study deals with the removal of oil from wastewater by organoclay. The organoclay was prepared by combination of Iraqi bentonite with quaternary amine (hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium chloride). The wastewater samples were obtained from the washing unit of fuel oil in the "South Baghdad Gas Power Plant. The operating conditions of batch process for removal of oil from wastewater by using the prepared organoclays were studied in details (quantity of organoclay, mixer speed and time of adsorption). Initial concentration of wastewater used in this study was within a maximum range of 230-1512 mg/L. XRD and FTIR diagram of the prepared organoclay showed a considerable differences from those for natural bentonite which indicates the ex

During the last 5 decades, it is evident that there is a drastic need for close cooperation between the Iraqi architect and other engineers, technicians working with him, towards solving particular problems related to materials, system building technology in Iraq.The architect need to become a leader of the building team instead of becoming"a Hero". The research develop a light weight modular block (25x25x12.5cm), equivalent in volume to 3 bricks (25x12.5x7.5 cm). The proposed modular block use broken or crushed bricks as an aggregate instead of stone. The block can be handled easily, it can be produced mechanically 1.e. via compressors or manually. The research cover the use of recycled "broken or crushed" bricks by making samples, reco

The regeneration of spent transformer oil taken from Al-Dora power station was studied. The regeneration process includes settling, filtration, thermo vacuum evaporation, and clay treatment. The settling was done by gravity to remove the mechanical particles. The filtration was done by filter paper [whatman quality! and 18.5 cm diameter). Thermo vacuum evaporation at 175°C and 241 mm Hg was used for removing the dissolved water and light petroleum impurities. The clay treatment was used for final improvement of transformer oil properties. Iraqi clay. Algerian clay and zeolite (A) were used and the results were compared. It was studied the effect of clay to oil ratio and the mixing time on the water content, break down voltage and the ac

As cooling air using water injection was limited by a range of humidity ratio so indirect humidification for air consider, this research take the study of heat transfer through a perpendicular plate heat exchanger to discover the influence optimum conditions on dehumidification efficiency and the amount of heat transfer energy across the plates of heat exchanger so calculating dehumidification efficiency and the amount of heat transfer energy across the plates of heat exchanger depending on the change of primary and secondary air flow rate using an experimental apparatus with an instruments for measuring air flow rate dry bulb temperature and wet bulb temperature on air entry and exit sections, experimental procedure by fixing primary ai

A low speed open circuit wind tunnel has been designed, manufactured and constructed at the
Mechanical Engineering Department at Baghdad University - College of Engineering. The work is one of
the pioneer projects adapted by the R & D Office at the Iraqi MOHESR. The present paper describes the
first part of the work; that is the design calculations, simulation and construction. It will be followed by a
second part that describes testing and calibration of the tunnel. The proposed wind tunnel has a test
section with cross sectional area of (0.7 x 0.7 m2) and length of (1.5 m). The maximum speed is about (70
m/s) with empty test section. The contraction ratio is (8.16). Three screens are used to minimize flow
distu

One of the biggest problems in power quality aspects is the harmonic contents in the electrical system. Most of the current harmonics are due to the nonlinear operation of the power converters and arc furnaces . These harmonics cause overheating of the magnetic cores of transformers and motors beside their effect on the torque –speed of the later . These problems have lead to the creation of design standards for purpose of limiting the allowable harmonics on the power lines, and hence to improve the power factor. This paper presents two types of power factor correction (PFC) for single phase AC/DC converter, the Boost converter and the Buck- Boost converter. The output of the Boost converter is fixed (400V , 3kW) while the output of th

The ability of using aluminum filings which is locally solid waste was tested as a mono media in gravity rapid filter. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of variation of influent water turbidity (10, 20and 30 NTU); flow rate(30, 40, and 60 l/hr) and bed height (30and60)cm on the performance of aluminum filings filter media for 5 hours run time and compare it with the conventional sand filter. The results indicated that aluminum filings filter showed better performance than sand filter in the removal of turbidity and in the reduction of head loss. Results showed that the statistical model developed by the multiple linear regression was proved to be
valid, and it could be used to predict head loss in aluminum filings

This study produces an image of theoretical and experimental case of high loading stumbling condition for hip prosthesis. Model had been studied namely Charnley. This model was modeled with finite element method by using ANSYS software, the effect of changing the design parameters (head diameter, neck length, neck ratio, stem length) on Charnley design, for stumbling case as impact load where the load reach to (8.7* body weight) for impact duration of 0.005sec.An experimental rig had been constructed to test the hip model, this rig consist of a wood box with a smooth sliding shaft where a load of 1 pound is dropped from three heights.
The strain produced by this impact is measured by using rosette strain gauge connected to Wheatstone

This paper presents a neural network based surface finish Prediction model in turning operation .
Orthogonal cutting tests were performed on mild steel using H.S.S cutting tool with different
cutting parameters cutting speed ,
feed and nose radius of the cutting tool . The collected data was
used to train feed forward back propagation neural network. The developed model has been tested
to preclict surface finish for various cutting conditions. The model was found to be powerful &
capable of accurate surface finish prediction for the range it had been trained but the accuracy
deteriorated as the cutting conditions were changed significantly' 

The research introduces a new mathematical model for computing the position of points in space
(X, Y, Z) by the intersection of inclined angles derived from the measured horizontal and vertical
angles using spherical trigonometry principles with the aid of the conventional surveying instrument
(Theodolite), The most probable value (m.p.v) of the position of a point should be computed by the
method of ieast squares when the redundancy in observations exists and then it provides us with the
precision indices for the computed coordinates. 

This paper describes a newly modified wind turbine ventilator that can achieve highly efficient ventilation. The new modification on the conventional wind turbine ventilator system may be achieved by adding a Savonius wind turbine above the conventional turbine to make it work more efficiently and help spinning faster. Three models of the Savonius wind turbine with 2, 3, and 4 blades' semicircular arcs are proposed to be placed above the conventional turbine of wind ventilator to build a hybrid ventilation turbine. A prototype of room model has been constructed and the hybrid turbine is placed on the head of the room roof. Performance's tests for the hybrid turbine with a different number of blades and different values o

The investigation included PHE performance variation with heat exchanger dimensions, plate spacing, inlet air velocities and inlet air temperatures. The momentum and energy equations were solved in 3-dimensions by using FLUENT 5.3 software and heat exchanger performance parameters were extracted from the post processing of the numerical data. In addition, a 2-dimensional fluid flow and heat transfer numerical analysis for the crossflow PHE was carried out. A numerical code based on the finite difference method and the SIMPLE algorithm was developed to solve the governing equations. The result of the numerical study for PHE performance shows that for both air streams the maximum thermal gradient occurs at 0.5 m/s inlet air velocity while

The planning engineering is considered a vital part in the industrial operations series that leads to achieve the proposed production plan. Because of scientific advancement and technical development in the industrial field, the managements of the companies and job shops start to automate the engineering and management activities for the aim of quickness and accuracy in making proper decisions for the production process in order to get final product in a better quality and minimum cost. This is achieved by the future estimation of production plan. The research concern with evaluating the size of work arrival to the manufacturing shops and determining the amount of capacity that is required to perform these evaluated job volume in a manne

The escalating cost of construction projects combined with the competitive nature of the construction
industry requires the constant search for methods to increase the efficiency of such projects through
the elimination of unnecessary costs while maintaining as well as improving levels of quality and
performance desired.
Value Engineering (VE) offers an opportunity to achieve these goals, however, VE utilization by the
construction industry in Iraq remains limited as hypothesized by the researchers. Hence, the reasons
for this condition are worthy of investigation .Based on that, this research work has attempted to
examine the current status of implementation of value engineering methodology 'within the

Simulation of naturally fractured reservoirs is a laborious techniques, because there are two different porous media in which fluids exist and flow. The porous media exhibit wide variations in their physical properties. The matrix usually represents the major storage capacity while the fractures system provides the main paths of the flowing fluids. Several simulators have been constructed by specialist companies. One is the SimBestII, which is the product of Scientific Software- Intercomp. In order to simulate a reservoir properly by such simulator, one should have an idea about the equations and the procedures encountered in it.
In the present study, an attempt has been made to understand the general structure of SimBestll. The flow

Iraq depends mainly on Tigris and Euphrates Rivers to provide high percentage of agricultural water use for thousands years. At last years, Iraq is suffering from shortage in water resources due to global climate changes and unfair water politics of the neighboring countries, which affected the future of agriculture plans for irrigation, added to that the lack of developed systems of water management in the irrigation projects and improper allocation of irrigation water, which reduces water use efficiency and lead to losing irrigation water and decreasing in agricultural yield. This study aims at studying the usability of irrigation and leaching scheduling within the irrigating projects and putting a complete annual or seasonal irrigatio

This paper presents a modified Newton method of load flow analysis for radial distribution
systems. It is derived with the Jacobian matrix is in UDUT form, where U is a constant
upper triangular matrix depending solely on system topology and D is a block diagonal
matrix. With this formulation, the conventional steps of forming the Jacobian matrix,
LU factorization and forward/back substitution are replaced by back/forward sweeps on radial
feeders with equivalent impedances. The method has advantages over Newton’ s method in
terms of speed of solution (no. of iterations), and reliability of convergence by inserting a minimization technique (Cubic Interpolation Technique). The algorithm exhibits a control of the converg

A friction stir spot welding (FSSW) process is an emerging solid state joining process in which the material that is being welded does not melt. In this investigation an attempt has been made to understand the effect of tool shoulder diameter on the mechanical properties of the joint. For this purpose four welding tools diameter (10,13, 16 and 19) mm at constant preheating time and plunging time were used to carry
out welding process. Effect of tool diameter on mechanical properties of welded joints was investigated using shear stress test and Microhardness of joint which welded was studied. Based on the stir welding experiments conducted in this study the results show that aluminum alloy (1200) can be welded using (FSSW) process with

Surface water samples from different locations within Tigris River's boundaries in Baghdad city have been analyzed for drinking purposes. Correlation coefficients among different parameters were determined. An attempt has been made to develop linear regression equations to predict the concentration of water quality constituents having significant correlation coefficients with electrical conductivity (EC). This study aims to find five regression models produced and validated using electrical conductivity as a predictor to predict total hardness (TH), calcium (Ca), chloride (Cl), sulfate (SO₄), and total dissolved solids (TDS). The five models showed good/excellent prediction ability of the parameters mentioned

Numerical study of separation control on symmetrical airfoil, four digits (NACA

0012) by using rotating cylinder with double steps on its upper surface based on the computation of Reynolds-average Navier- Stokes equations was carried out to find the optimum configuration of unconventional airfoil for best aerodynamics performance. A model based on collocated Finite Volume Method was developed to solve the governing equations on a body-fitted coordinate system. A revised (k-w) model was proposed as a known turbulence model. This model was adapted to simulate the control effects of rotating cylinder. Numerical solutions were performed for flow around unconventional airfoil with cylinder to main stream velocities ratio in the range

Solar radiation is one of the renewable energy resource that can be used in different fields such as heating, cooling & lighting to employ the double use of passive and active systems' that integrate with the ideal mass grouping, direction,layout & design of building form and its envelope correctly, by the integration ofthese tools and trends with each others in away that insures energy conservation andlessen the use of fossil fuel in buildings to achieve environmental balancing.In order to explain the point of view for the process of environmental design &sustainable building that include (planning & mass grouping) to work as integrated
system to design efficient energy buildings where the site and setting, planninge

The world witnesses, a revolution of scientific and technological breakthroughs and the scientific progress in the field of materials, the launching on the market of new technolory for manufacturing and employing new elements in buildings, like transparent or opaque diaphragms and with all the sound and heat requirements. This new technology is characterized by substanceless, after it was for
a long time consort with substantial, like information and communication technology and other developments, which indicate so many factors thatpvzzle the architects when reviewing the style of designing buildings. and making use of these possibilities and transforming them to develop the expressional force of architecture and improve its per

In this research Artificial Neural Network (ANN) technique was applied to study the filtration process in water treatment. Eight models have been developed and tested using data from a pilot filtration plant, working under different process design criteria; influent turbidity, bed depth, grain size, filtration rate and running time (length of the filtration run), recording effluent turbidity and head losses. The ANN models were constructed for the prediction of different performance criteria in the filtration process: effluent turbidity, head losses and running time. The results indicate that it is quite possible to use artificial neural networks in predicting effluent turbidity, head losses and running time in the filtration process, wi

In the present work a general dynamic behavior of non return valves subjected to jet flow is presented. The differential equations of valve motion and discharge were developed in a non-dimensional from, in terms of suitable dimensionless variables and parameters of the valve system.
The derived equations are coupled nonlinear differential equations. Thus, a computer program was developed using a package called (MatLab) to solve these equations. The study shows that there are three types of the valve responses depending on the overall hydrostatic pressure difference and it is found that the valve vibrating at a constant limit cycle, which is leading to the failure of the system. It is also shown that the limit cycle frequency decreases

The present study reports the effect of temperature and liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV) on the cumene cracking reaction rate and selectivity by using a laboratory continuous flow unit with fixed bed reactor operating at atmospheric pressure. The prepared HX zeolite was made from Iraqi kaolin with good crystallinity .The activity and selectivity of prepared HX-zeolite was compared with standard HY zeolite and HX zeolite catalysts in the temperature range of 673-823K and LHSV of 0.7-2.5 h-1. It was found that the cumene conversion increases with increasing temperature and decreasing LHSV at 823K and LHSV of 0.7 h-1 the conversions 65.32, 42.88 and 59.42 mol% for HY, HX and prepared HX catalysts respectively and at LHSV of 2.5 h-1 and t

Fluorophosphate neodymium laser glass has been prepared by discontinuous melting technique.
Special melting and casting conditions were followed to prevent devitrification of glass samples.
Furnace melting followed by slow cooling resulted formation of non vitreous glass. Problems of
high viscosity melt and incomplete solubility and immiscibility of glass components were
encountered by adjusting composition of glass components. X-ray diffraction analysis of the
prepared glass samples proved the formation of amorphous phase. The prepared Nd – fluoride glass
has low refractive index which is an important parameter for high power laser application. Optical
properties of Nd – fluoride glass samples were investigated.

The aim of reducing drag is to increase the flow efficiency by using the same pipes and pumps. As a result the amount of crude oil transported will increase without using new pipes and pumps.
In the present work, the effectiveness of two surfactants (Sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) and Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS)) are studied by using a closed loop system. This system consists of three pipes made from commercial steel, each one with different diameter (0.75, 1 and 1.5 inch). The length of each individual test section of the pipe is two meters. The experimental work is achieved under three different temperatures (30º, 40º and 50°C). The concentrations of both surfactants used are ranging between 50 to 300 weight ppm. Laborat

Experiments were carried out to study the local and average heat transfer by mixed convection to a simultaneously developing air flow in a horizontal inclined, and vertical concentric cylindrical annulus. The experimental setup consists of an annulus has a radius ratio of 0.555 and inner cylinder with a heated length 1.2m subjected to the constant heat flux while the outer cylinder is subjected to the ambient temperature. The investigation covers Reynolds number range from 154 te 845, heat flux varied from 96 W/m² to 845 W/m², and annulus angles of inclinations a (horizontal), 40°, 70°, and 90° (vertical). Results demonstrate the temperature variation along th inner cylinder surface and the local Nusselt number Nu, variation with th

This work is an experimental investigation for single basin-single slope solar still coupled with an evacuated tube solar collector. The work is carried out under the climatic conditions of Baghdad city (33.2456º North and East latitude, 44.3337º longitude) through certain days of the months of the year 2019 to study the impact of using evacuated tube solar collector on the daily productivity and efficiency under the outdoors climatic conditions. It was found that using the evacuated tube solar collector increase daily productivity from 2.175 kg/  to 2.95 kg/ for 9 hours (35.63 %) for clear days, also an enhancement about 10.97 % in daily efficiency.