This study aim to determine Babesia bovis infection in cattle based on genetic methods. A total of 96 blood samples were collected from alive and slaughtered cattle from different areas in addition to the abattoir of Al-Qadisiyah province from December 2013 to August 2014. Real time polymerase chain reaction (RT.PCR) technique was used to detect the presence of the protozoan with the effect of animal's age and sex in the infection rate 47.91 % (46/96) of examined cattle were given positive result to B. bovis infection. The highest infections were shown among the adult cattle (≥1 year), while there was non-significant difference (P>0.05) in the infection rate according to the sex. So the mos

The aim of this study was the assessment of pentoxifylline (PTX) effects on female reproductive
hormones as well the body and reproductive organs. Sixty white mice with approximately same ages
(eight) weeks and body weights were randomly divided into (six.) equal groups 10 mice for each group.
Group 1: Received tap water along the period of experiment and considered as a control group. Animals
of group 2,3,4,5 and 6 were treated with 16 mg (PTX) / Kg B.W. daily for 2,4,6,8 and 10 weeks
respectively. Before and after treatment all animals were weighed, and blood samples were taken for
follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), lutenizing hormone (LH) and Estradiol (E2) hormones analysis.
After post – Mortem examination rep

Hematological changes in experimentally infected dogs with Salmonella give were studied in 8
puppies aged 8-9 weeks. They were separated equally into two groups. The first group has been infected with 4.8x
CFU with Salmonella give , while the second group was used as control. Hematological changes were 9 10
characterized by an increase in P.C.V. , Hb , 'RBC count ,TPP and fibrinogen , while there was no significant
changes in MCV ,MCH , MCHC . The total leukocytic count was increased during the two days and then gradually
decreased at the end of the experiment

It is well known that monotherapy does not provide therapeutic response in all hypertensive. Some
patients show an excellent response, while in others there is a poor response. Combination
antihypertensive therapy is administered when blood pressure is inadequately controlled by
monotherapy to achieve a balanced and additive antihypertensive effect with minimum adverse effects.
Both angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and dihydropyridine type of calcium antagonists
are well established and widely used in monotherapy. An understanding of differences in the
mechanism of action of these agents allows a logical approach for the use of these agents as a
combination therapy. This study was designed to evaluate t

To identify the bacterial isolation from dogs have cancer diseases, the samples were (throat swab and urine) have
been taken from (64) dogs suffering from different cancer diseases includes (38) females and (26) males.
The result of throat swab as were follows: E.coli (50%), Actenomyces pyogenes (40.6 %) , Beta Heamolytic
Streptococcus group D (21.8 %) , Staphylococcus aureus (21.8 %), Klebsiella spp also Actenomyces viscosus
(18.7%), S.epidermidis(12.5%), Beta Heamolytic Streptococcus groupG (9.3 %) , Proteus mirabilis (9.3 %) ,
Beta Heamolytic Streptococcus group B (6.2 %) , Bacillus subtilis (6.2 %), Micrococcus (6.2%) ,
Pseudomonas aerugenosa also Proteus vulgaris (3.1%).
While the urine samples of infected doges

The aim of this study is to detect the prevalence of macroscopic sarcocystosis of 480 wild birds ( 82 Pygmy cormorant, 34 Black Stork, 99Common Gull,74 little Egret, 91Raven and 100 Mallard) were hunted from October 2009 to September 2010 in Al Rashdia areae /Baghdad . The macroscopic infection total was 9.58%. it was regarded to monthly variation. It was 27.5% in February and 2.5% in August. The highest infection rate was in the thorax muscles (6.2%) and the lowest in the neck muscles (1.6%), Also the macroscopic infection rate was higher (13.5%) in males than females (5%).

The study was conducted to investigate the effect of different concentrations of sodium hypochlorite (sodium dichloro iso cyanurate) in the drinking water on the percentages of serum proteins of broilers chicks at 4 and 7 weeks of age. Two hundred forty Hubbard chicks one day – old aged were divided randomly into four equal groups, each group was divided into two replicate. The four groups were as follows: Treatment 1: Adding 6.68 mg /liter water of sodium dichloro iso cyanurate to drinking water. Treatment 2: Adding 13.36 mg /liter water of sodium dichloro iso cyanurate to drinking water. Treatment 3: Adding 20.04 mg /liter water of sodium dichloro iso cyanurate to drinking water. Treatment 4: Supplying water without any additive (con

The histological study showed that the retina of falcon"s eyeball was thin at the periphery
and ranges between 0.6-0.8 μ but it was thick at center 1.68-2.64 μ. The retina consists from
ten layers: pigmented epithelium, rods and cons layer, external nuclear layer, external
plexiform layer, internal nuclear layer, internal plexiform layer, Gangilionic cells layer,
neurofibres layer and internal limiting membrane layer. The ultra-structural study stated that
the rods and cons layers contained single rods with single and double cons. The retina
characterized by lacking of the oil droplets in the internal segments of rods with narrow
external plexiform layer in order to form network connecting rods and cones, horizonta

A total of 80 specimens of common carp Cyprinus carpio were used in present study ranges between 142-156 g with 150 g in average body weight, and between 22-27cm with 25cm in average body length to investigate the effect of magnetized water in blood pictures of fish as well as Aeromonas hydrophila pathogenic bacteria. Fish were randomly distributed using aquarium with dimension 70X40X40 cm upon four treatments, with two replicates for each treatment using magnetized water with different intensity ( 500 , 1000 , 1500 gauss) , while the control treatment free of magnetized water through the period of four weeks . Results shows that the bacteria count were decreased in such magnetized water in comparison with control treatment . The results

 Comparative studies about the characteristics of the acute toxicity of streptomycin and gentamicin and

اللقاحات الحية تختلف اللقاحات الحية ضد مرض کمبورو في ضراوتها وتركيبها المستضدي وطرق استعمالها

The effect of vit.E in feed blocks to ewes were studied in ewes on the
following parameters; Hemoglobin concentration, Packed Cell Volume,
differential leukocytic count, total protein, albumin, and globulin ratios. There
were a significant decrease in Hb concentration & PCV after two,& four weeks,
there were no significant differences in the percentage of lymphocytes,
neutrophils,& eiosinophils, & with a significant increase in monocyte
percentage.
There was no significant different in total protein ratio, while the ratio of
albumin decreased significantly after 2 & 4 weeks, with a significant increase in
the globulin ratio at the same period.

It was possible to obtain 17 isolates of Pasteurella multocida from
infected laying chickens with fowl cholera. Three isolates were from the chronic
phases of the naturally infected chickens and other fourteen were from the acute
phases. The identification of these isolates was considered. Fifteen isolates
belong to the sub species multocida and two isolates to gallicida, ten isolates
belong to the SE-190 isolate and one to SE-077, while six isolates were not
identified. Twelve of the isolates have a capsule. The LD50s of these isolates
were varied. The results of sensitivity to antibacterial drugs revieled that all
isolates were sensitive to Penicillin and resistance to Lincomycin with various
degrees of sensi

This study is considered the first trail study in our country to apply In ovo-vaccination to immunize chicks against avian viral diseases. This method was conducted by using 150 chick embryos classified into three equal groups (50 embryo each group). The first group was inoculated with Newcastle disease virus-NDV (B1-strain). Second group was vaccineted with NDV. and GV( Gambaro virus). All vaccinated groups were inoculated in the amniotic sac, the
third group (control group) was inoculated with sterile phosphate buffered saline. Result should the both vaccine did not reveal any negative effect on the percentage of hatchability and liaviability of the vaccinated chicks.
Hemagglutination inhibition (HI) , ELISA and challenge test we

This study was designed to isolate and identify the type of moulds and their
percentage of distribution with pathological study of highly moulds isolated from
(130)samples were included in this study with divided into (30)samples dried
milk,(30).samples baby food ,(30)samples raw milk , (40) samples dairy products .
The results revealed the percentage of infection according to total count of
isolation in raw milk were 100 % dairy product 65 %. The most common fungi
isolated from raw milk were Asp.niger of 16.2 % Asp. fumigatus of 15 % Asp.flavus
of 13.7 % Pencillium spp. 12.5 % . From dairy products were isolated with
percentage of Asp. Fumigatus 34.9% Geotrichum spp . of 23 % ,Asp. nager of 11.5
% . Pathologic

This study was conducted on 80 cases of damaged kidneys received by
poultry disease diagnostic centers in Baghdad. Four microorganisms were isolated
E.coli , Proteus milabilis , Pseudomonas aregenosa and Klebsiella pneumonia
and formed 55, 22.5 , 17.5 ,and 5% of the infection respectively . While no any
kind of bacteria were isolated from kidneys of healthy chicks. To be sure the E.
coli could be a cause of kidney damage. An experimental infection with E.coli
was carried out on 40 chicks, three weeks old, and randomly divided into two
groups. Chicks of the first group was inoculated intravenously with 0.5 ml of field
isolated E. coli suspension containing 2x107 colony forming unit (CFU), while the
second group

     The study is performed to investigate the cardiotoxic effect of two season oleander leave extract in rabbits. The study involved a collection of the Nerium oleander leaves of two seasons (summer and winter) taken from Baghdad. The leaves were prepared by drying and grinding, and the extraction was carried by soxhlet apparatus with organic solvent (hexane). The toxicity was carried out on rabbits by giving 10% of the median lethal dose (LD50) for four weeks by considering different electrocardiography parameters and cardiac histopathological study after two weeks and four weeks of daily treatment. The electrocardiography parameters include R-R duration, T amplitude and Q-T duration values. The results of

   Arabian horses are regarded as the most famous breed for speed for long distances due to their genetic superiority. The aims of the study were to focus on the effect of different running speeds on the muscular tissues (Myoglobin, creatine kinase, aspartate transaminase), lactate dehydrogenase and synovial fluid (creatine kinase, aspartate transaminase and lactate dehydrogenase). Non-trained eight local Iraqi Arabian horses were run on soil track for a distance (1) Km, walking, trot, canter, and gallop. Blood and synovial fluid samples were collected before and after running. The biochemical parameters of serum showed gradual increase according to each type of speed. All of them were significant at P≤0.01. The biochemical p

A total of 300 one day old unsexed broiler chicks were divided into three
dietary groups which were: -
T1: Un-treated control.
T2: Poultrygrow 250 treated group.
T3: Cr-Yeast treated group.
Results have shown that the addition of Poultrygrow 250 and Cr-Yeast
have significantly (p < 0.05) improved the performance of broilers express in
weight gain and feed conversion ratio compared with control group. The study
showed an increase in red blood cell and hemoglobin and reduce in hetrophil /
Lymphocyte ratio.It was concluded that the supplementation of poultrygrow 250
and Cr-Yeast in the diet of broiler chickens could improve the performance of
the birds.

Ruminal acidosis was induced experimentally in local bucks fed on
AL-zahdy dates at 20 and 40 g/kg B.W. daily. Two groups of five animals
each beside another group of five animals as a control reseved 20g/kg B.W.
of concentrates beside green roughage. One animal from each group was
surgically provided with ruminal fistula. The experiments lasted for four
weeks during which the animals examined clinically daily, and ruminal fluid
and blood samples were collected weekly.The results showed that the
animals in the two experimental groups show significant rise in the means of
respiratory and pulse rates,but not in body temperature.The ruminal
contractions ranged between weak and reduced in the 1st experiment to
t

This study concerned with prevalence of infection of the goats and their kids with coccidia during the period from 1^st March 2004 to 30^th February 2005. Three hundred fifty two faecal samples were collected from 32 goats. The rate of infections in goats and kids was 47.6%, 61.1% respectively. The peak of infection was in spring and winter, and then the infection declined in hot and dry summer. The rate of infection in females (33.3%) was higher than in males (14.2%). Four species of coccidia were diagnosed Eimeria ahsata, Eimeria faurei,  Eimeria pallida, and Eimeria ovinoidalis.          

Parathyroid gland of ten adult one-humped came] has been collected from the slaughter house. Glands have been fixed sectioned and stained by several procedures. The gland measured 1.2 cm in length, 0.4 cm in width and 0.25 cm thick. It differs in position from left to right side due to displacement of thyroid gland. The gland consisted of aggregate of cells arranged as solid masses, clusters, cords or strands. The parenchyma of the gland appeared with different cell density. Four cell type has been distinguished, viz., light as well as dark chief cells, oxyphils and syncytial cells.

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a viral zoonotic disease with a high
mortality rate in humans. CCHF is caused by genus Nairovirus, in family of Bunyaviridae,
and is transmitted to humans through the bite of ticks Hyalomma spp or contact with blood or
tissues of CCHF patients or infected livestock.
The total numbers of positive patients to CCHF virus was 11 out of 44 suspected samples
were examined from eight provinces during the period from January to December 2010 . The
way of transmission is due to contact with blood and tissues of infected animals, and one
patient slaughtered sheep in his house. ELISA was used to detect Crimean-Congo
hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) virus-specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) in hu

     The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of anti-riboflavin factor in dried tomato seed meal on some physiological and biochemical traits of broiler. This study was conducted at the poultry farm of the Veterinary Medicine College at Baghdad University. A total of (150 broiler chicks) were used in this study for 56 days. The chicks were randomly distributed into five treated groups, 30 chicks for each period. Chicks at the age of 3 days were fed Ad libitum during the whole period and dried tomato seed meal was added to the diets of birds at the concentration of 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10% respectively. The results revealed that dietary supplementation with different levels of dried tomato seed meal

     Newcastle disease is one of serious pathological problems and causes of vast economic losses during 2011-2016 in Iraq. The disease caused high mortalities in all types of poultry nevertheless of vaccination. In this study all samples were collected from infected flocks with clinical signs of the disease. Inoculation of chicken embryonated eggs was carried out for virus isolation, identification, Haemagglutination and Haemagglutination Inhibition assay. Using Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction to confirm the presence of the virus, Intra Cerebral Pathogenicity Index and Mean Death Time were used to confirm all the isolates that were velogenic. The important determinant of Newcastle disease virus pathog

     This study was carried out in the laboratories of fish for 90 days in 16 glass aquaria (60 cm, 40 cm and 30 cm/70 L) to investigate the effect of some organic acids salts on some growth indices of common carp fish Cyprinus carpio L. A 128 fish were used with an average weight of (40.8±1) gm. and have been distributed on eight treatments with two replicate and eight fish for each replicate. Formulated eight diets that equally iso-nitrogenous (33.85%) and iso-caloric (1535.605 KJ/gm) were investigated. Organic acids salts (Sodium lactate, Sodium acetate and Sodiumformate) were supplemented singly (0.5% of each salts) and mixed to the experimental diets (0.25% of each salts). The statistical results showed

     Some enzymes of seminal plasma such as, Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, Glutamic Pyruvic transaminase, Acid phosphatase and Alkaline phosphatase are essential for metabolic processes which provide energy for viability, motility and fertility of spermatozoa. These enzymes are used as good indicators of semen quality as they measure the plasma membrane stability of spermatozoa, so the aims of study are to estimate the enzymes level and total protein in seminal plasma of Holstein bulls. In present the available knowledge there is no study in Iraq regarding the effect of using magnetically treated water on enzymes and total protein in seminal plasma of Holstein bulls born in Iraq to improve the Artificial Insemina

     The present study investigated the effect of synthetic non-methylated oligonucleotides containing Cytosine-phosphate-guanosine dinucleotides (Cytosine-phosphate-guanosine oligodeoxynucleotide) on caprine mastitis with Heat Killed Cryptococcus neoformans Ag. 20 healthy local breed does were used with weight ranging of 25-30 Kg and free of mastitis by examination via California Mastitis Test and Somatic Cell Count. The does were allotted into four equal groups, the first group (G1) was treated intramammary with 100μg/kg of Cytosine-phosphate-guanosine oligodeoxy nucleotide on fifth day postpartum in the right mammary gland while the left mammary gland served as control and were infused wi

     The present study were made for analysis of major chemical and biochemical components of twenty hydatid cysts fluids include two group (10 fertile cysts and 10 sterile cysts) obtained from the lung and liver of 29 infected patients admitted to medicine city hospital for operation during a period of 6 month these components were measured by colorimetric assay kits (Biolabo®, Human). Results revealed marked (P<0.05).differences in the mean values, particularly  among enzymes (Glutanicoxaloacetic transaminase, Glutanic pyruvic transaminase and Alkaline phosphatase), between fertile and sterile fluids  while Lactate dehydrogenase level was exhibited high activities  in fertile  and sterile iso

This study was devoted to determination of normal physical and
chemical values of 100 sample of Ovine and Caprine urine with
microscopically examination of urine samples sterilely collected
from sheep & goat slaughtered in Al-Shulla governmental slaughter
house between may and November 2004 as well as demonstration of
changes in these values in case of presence of microbes in urine .This
study illustrated no significant differences(P<0.05) of urine analysis
values between sheep & goat but these values significantly
changed(P<0.05)with the presence of microbes in urine and these
changes included opacity of urine, decrease of specific gravity &
increase of urine pH.
25 sample were positive