Blood samples were obtained from clinically normal Fawbro chicks in order to study age – related <

The objective of the current study was to evaluate the effect of alcoholic and aqueous extract for leaves and stems of Nerium oleander on Trichophyton mentogrophytes and Cryptococcus neoformens in vitro. The effect of alcoholic extract for Nerium oleander leaves and stems on the tested fungi was showed inhibitory effect specialy on Trichophyton mentogrophytes compared with aqueous extract of leaves and stems of plant which showed less or no inhibition against the tested fungiA high inhibition rate of alcoholic extract of leaves and stems of plant aginst Trichophyton mentogrophytes were 83.3% and 67% respectively in concentration 20mg/ml. But the inhibition rate of aqueous extract of leaves and stems of plant on the same fungus were 30% a

The aim of this research was to investigate the ototoxic effects of two different aminoglycoside antibiotics

Citrobacter freundii (C. freundii) is responsible for a number of significant opportunistic infections. The present research was aimed to estimate the immune response of rabbits immunized with whole cell sonicated antigen (WCSA), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and DNA antigens (Ag) extracted from C. freundii. Twenty-four Albino rabbits of both sexes, with 2-3 kg body weight, were divided randomly into four groups (6 rabbits for each). Two types of tests were performed including ELISA and skin test (delayed type hypersensitivity, DTH)). The 1st group was immunized with WCSA (1000 μg/mL). The 2nd group was immunized with LPS Ag at the same dose. The 3rd group was immunized with DNA extracted Ag (0.083 μg/mL). The

Between August, 1989, to July, 1990, 874 Iraqi mares aged between (3-25)

The present work was carried out in poultry experiment farm of Animal Resources Dept.., College of Agric., Baghdad University, Iraq. Five different levels of single cell protein (0, 5, 10, 15, 20%) replaced to soybean meal in the diets of broiler chick and 600 one day old chicks (Hubberd). The birds were randomly distributed among five treatments (two replicate for each treatment.), 60 chicks per replicate. The results showed that. the diet containing 10% single cell protein was the best diet among the other treatments. The average body weight in six weeks old were 1081.5, 1097, 1171, 1095, 332 gr for the treatments used respectively.

The reproductive performance of three imported Holstein herds in Iraq was investigated in a

Forty five cases, 7-14 day-old chicks were studied, they showed

Birth weight, of 166 Sharabi offspring of 19 sires were analyzed, using a mixed model

Cyclopia is a congenital defect in which the two orkits merge to form a single cavity containing one eye, which is likely to show more or less evidence of its origin by fusion of the right and left optic primordia. It is usually combined with cyclencephaly. It is usually described as synophthalmus.

Three types of locally isolated Pasteurella multocida antigenes namely the whole sonicated bacteria (WSB) the bacterial cell wall (BCW) and the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of bacteria were prepared as a vaccine . Each type of antigenes was used in 3 concentrations that are 10⁷, 10⁹ and 10¹¹ Colony Forming Units / bird for WSB and 250,500 and 750 mg/bird for BCW and LPS. Each of the prepared concentrations was injected subcutaneously into a group of  broiler breeder chickens and one group was left as a control . The groups were vaccinated 2 times at 10 and 18 weeks. The progress of immune response was monitered throughout a passive haemagglutination, an agar gel immunodiffusion, delayed type hyp

The main objectives of the present study were to assess the incidence of E .coli O157:H7 serotype in both raw milk and locally produced soft cheese samples and to evaluate the efficacy of new immunomagnetic separation (IMS) technique for the first time in Iraq for isolation of the same serotype from such products compared to the conventional cultural method .A total of 50 raw milk and soft cheese samples (25 samples of each) were collected randomly at weekly intervals from different retail markets in Baghdad province and its surroundings during the period of six months (from October 2011 March 2012). Each sample was divided into two equal parts where the first part was analyzed for the conventional cultural method and the second part was

This study was conducted on 53 samples of female local Kurdi goats uterus contained one or two fetuses .These samples were collected from Sulaimani slaughter house, A total of 53genitlia were consisted of 36 (67.92%)single and 17(32.08%)twin fetuses ,with a total of 70 fetus,of them 33(47.14%) and 37(52. 86%) were located in the right and left horns, respectively. The number of fetuses with macroscopically clear external sex organ was 55, the total number of male fetuses was 34(48.57%) while the female was 21(30%).The fetuses whose external organ could not be diagnosed were 15(21.42%). The weight of the fetal testes and the length of scrotum were increased steadily with an increasing in the fetal Crown Rump Length(CRL). When the CRL is 2

The in vivo study was designed to evaluate the anticancer effects of these three types of the extracts on the AM-3 (Murine mammary adenocarcinoma). The LD50 was (5 g/kg, 6 g/kg and 8 g/kg) for ethanolic, hot aqueous and cold aqueous extracts respectively. The therapeutic doses of extracts were daily injected subcutaneously for two weeks, three weeks and four weeks. The histopathological study revealed pathological changes in some organs; the group that treated with ethanolic extract showed sever deposition of amyloid in some organs like spleen. The blood vessel filled with inflammatory cells as neutrophiles and cells infiltration in the lung tissue. Hot and cold aqueous extracts showed inflammatory mononuclear cells infiltration in the k

Blood samples from 580 cattle were examined for detection  of anaplasmosis. Results of thin blood smears showed an infection rate of 26.6% for

A total of (25) stool samples were collected from children and adults (2- 4) years old
suffering from diarrhea to isolate E. coli strains that produce heat-stable enterotoxin a (STa),
and after performing microscopic examination, cultural characterization and biochemical
identification only (11) isolates showed positive E. coli. STa activity was estimated by using
suckling mouse assay (SMA) and from these (11) isolates only (5) showed STa activity and
the one with the highest STa activity was selected for large scale production of STa, which
was followed by partial purification using ion-exchange chromatography (normal phase)
using DEAE sephadex A-50 column. After purification and determination of protein
concentr

An investigation was carried out to detect anti-Brucella antibodies of sheep in Al-Anbar province by using few serological tests; rose Bengal plate test (RBPT) and tube agglutination test (TAT). A total of 754 sheep blood samples (94 Ram and 660 Ewe) were collected randomly distributed in Al-Anbar province from unvaccinated sheep flocks with different ages. A total percentage of infected sheep depending on RBPT was 10.21% with significant differences at (P< 0.01), it was 9.69% in ewes, whereas in rams it elevated to reach 13.82%, in addition to the disease was higher seroprevalence at > 3 years (12.78%) in both gender with significant differences at (P<0.05) than lower ages. Out of 77 RBPT positive sera, 38(49.35%) were positive

     This study was conducted to compare some of anatomical features and histological structure of the liver in three species of birds that varied in their size, taxonomy, and food environment. The study revealed that the liver in the mallard, gull and white-eared bulbul was bilobed big gland, and the left lobe was smaller than the right one. It was observed that the two lobes in mallard were undivided, while the right lobe in gull has two parts, whereas the left lobe in white-eared bulbul is subdivided into two parts. Histologically, the liver capsule in gull appeared thicker than other two species. The hepatic parenchyma was not shown to be clearly defined lobules in three species. The hepatocytes were organized rad

This study was conducted at the poultry farm ,Veterinary Public Health .,College of Veterinary Medicine, to study the effect of Tumeric (Curcuma longa) on broiler performance and some physiological traits .Two hundred fifty day-old (Rose308) broiler chicks were all located randomly to five treatments from 1-42 days of age, with tow replicate pens (25 birds /pen) per treatment .
Chicks were fed the following :- Diet (1)Using basal diet free from herbal plants kept as control , Diet (2) Basal diet + 0.25% of Curcuma longa (250 gm/100kg of feed) Diet (3) Basal diet + 0.50% of Curcuma longa (500 gm/100kg of feed ).Diet (4) Basal diet + 1% 0f Curcuma longa (1000 gm/100kg of feed ).Diet (5) Basal diet plus 1.5 % of Curcuma longa (1500 gm/10

Nerium oleander leaves ethanolic extract at median lethal dose of 520 mg/kg body weight were administered orally to six male mice .Clinical signs of toxicosis in mice began to appear about 1 hr after receiving the oleander extract which included abdominal pain, frequent urination, diarrhea, depression, weakness and convulsive movement and death at the end stage.Four mice died within 4 to 24 hrs and two survived. Haemorrhage spots of varying degrees were observed in internal organs at necropsy.Histopathology revealed extensive tubular necrosis in kidneys with haemosiderin pigment in the cytoplasm of convoluted tubular cells, different degrees of coagulative necrosis in cardiac muscle cells associated with haemorrhage and infiltration of m

In order to investigate the in vitro antitumor activity of Datura stramonium seeds on cancer cell lines. Extract of this plant was prepared by using different concentrations of seed extract 3, 3.25, 3.5, 3.75, 4, 4.25, 4.5, 4.75 and 5 mg/ ml. Cytotoxicity was estimated on mammary adenocarcinoma (AMN3), brain cancer, and normal rat embryonic fibroblast (Ref3) cell lines. The results exhibited that the extract has cytotoxic effect by decreasing the viability of AMN3 (42.91%) and brain cell lines (32.79%). However, it produced little effect on viability of normal cell line Ref3, indicating the specificity of this extract against malignant cells

     This study was carried out at Animal Farm, College of Veterinary Medicine, Baghdad University from April up to July 2013. The animals were fed on concentrate diet and freely grazed for 3-6 hours/ day at College Field, rams were used in a Latin square design (4*4) and trans located biweekly intervals, respectively to different concentrate diets, the first diet 2% of the body weight which was free from any addition  and considered as a control, the second diet was contain 3% Cuminum cyminum seeds (CU), while the third diet was contain 3% of Ocimum basilicom seeds (B) and the fourth concentrated diet was contain 1.5% of Cuminum cyminum and 1.5% Ocimum basilicom seeds (CU+B). Results r

        The aims of this study to evaluate the antibacterial potential of standard strains (Lactobacillus acidophilus ROO52 and Lactobacillus bulgaricus LB-12) that produce bacteriocins against E.coli O157:H7 in raw milk.  Thirty raw milk samples randomly were collected weekly different markets of Baghdad city in order to investigate the prevalence of E.coli O157:H7 in milk. The prevalence of  E.coli O157:H7 in raw milk samples was  6 out 30 (20%) by using the modern chromogenic media with serological latex agglutination test kit. The average diameter of the inhibition zone of crude bacteriocin against  E .coli O

This study was conducted on sixty seven cows of different breeds and ages (non-descriptive cows). The female genital organs were examined carefully through the rectum before slaughter. Blood samples were also collected prior to slaughter to estimate the levels of progesterone and estrogen level. Gross examination of the same genital organs was approved post slaughter. A comparison has been done to assess the accuracy of rectal palpation for diagnosis of some normal and abnormal conditions. The incidence of findings in rectal palpation were 39 (58.2%) normal non-pregnant, 16 (23.88%) normal pregnant and 12 (17.91%) abnormal conditions. While the findings in gross examination were 32 (47.76%) , 18 (26.86%) and 17 (25.37%), respectively , g

A systemic study on the pathogenesis of experimentally induced
Salmonella typhimurium infection was carried out in calves. Sixteen normal,
colostrum-fed, friesian calves, ranging in age from 3 to 6 weeks were used. The
calves were divided into two equal groups. Group I calves were inoculated
orally with 1.5 x 1011 CFU of Salmonella typhimurium and group II calves
served as control.
Using an indirect fluorescent antibody technique, it was found that
Salmonella typhimurium has an apparent predilection for the small intestine
particularly jejunum and ileum. The results of this study suggest that this
technique can be considered as a rapid reliable technique for diagnosis of
salmonellosis in endemic outbreaks.

     This study was conducted on 122 Arabi sheep belonged to private flock in Erbil plain Kurdistan region- Iraq, from July/ 2014 to August/ 2015 for studying the role of sex chromatin on daily milk production, total milk production, lactation period, fertility rate, prolificacy, birth weight and fertilizes estrous sequences. The repeatability for the studied traits were estimated. The ratio of sex chromatin shapes drum stick, sessile nodule, tear drop and small club were 23.37%, 60.22%, 8.54% and 7.87% respectively.The overall means of daily milk production, total milk production, lactation period, birth weight, fertilize estrous sequences, fertility rate, and Prolificacy were 814.65 g 81.49 kg 103.53 day, 78.10%, 1.

     The present study investigated the effect of synthetic non-methylated oligonucleotides containing Cytosine-phosphate-guanosine dinucleotides (Cytosine-phosphate-guanosine oligodeoxynucleotide) on caprine mastitis with Heat Killed Cryptococcus neoformans Ag. 20 healthy local breed does were used with weight ranging of 25-30 Kg and free of mastitis by examination via California Mastitis Test and Somatic Cell Count. The does were allotted into four equal groups, the first group (G1) was treated intramammary with 100μg/kg of Cytosine-phosphate-guanosine oligodeoxy nucleotide on fifth day postpartum in the right mammary gland while the left mammary gland served as control and were infused wi