Varroa mites (Varroa destructor) continue to pose a serious threat to honey bee (Apis mellifera spp.) health, exhibiting significant resistance development to synthetic acaricides. This study investigated the efficacy of thyme (Origanum onites L.) essential oil (TEOV) as botanical alternative, focusing on mite survival across different feeding contexts and the underlying molecular responses. Adult mites were exposed to three TEOV doses (0.1, 1, and 10 ppm), across different feeding contexts (GA;larvae, GB;fat body, and GC;live honey bee). Mortality exhibited dose and time dependency, particularly at 24 h post-exposure to TEOV. The most responsive host tissue was found to be the mites feeding on larvae and fat b

Twenty isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were examined, fourteen from them showed staphylococcin

In order to study the pathogenesis of the Pasteurella multocida in its natural rout of infection, this study was done to investigate and compare its pathogenesis after intranasal and intraocular infection.Thirty (30) rabbits were divided into three groups, the 1st group (n=12) infected with 240 CFU of Pasteurella multocida intra-nasal, the 2nd (n=12) infected with 240 CFU of P. multocida intra-ocular (eye drop), and the 3rd group (n=6) served as control negative. The animals were sacrificed if they did not die naturally at 24-48hr, 3, 6, 9, 30 day post-infection (p.i.). The results showed dullness of the animals with nasal and ocular discharge and some animals dead at 48hr and 72 hr p.i. (two animals from the 1st group and four animals f

A sample of (700) seven hundred out of (3000) three thousend randamly collected

The developmental study of supraoccipital bone has been done in the rabbit fetuses, which including detection the timing primary appearance and pattern of ossification by using double staining method as well as, histological study which squired for each stages of present study. The double staining technique which are furthering by histological examination for each age, showed the supraoccipital bone was ossify by intramembranous method. The results showed that the primary ossification centers of supraoccipital appeared firstly at(22) day of gestation, and showed direct red staining, at(24) day of gestation, these centers become fused. The supraoccipital bone appear its completely intramembranous ossification at (30) day of gestation and

The use of herbal plants as food additives in animal nutrition to enhance meat processing efficiency and meat quality has been reviewed. Today, the consumer demand is safety, nutritive value, taste, uniformity, meat variety, and good appearance of meat products. Thus, to meet the consumers' demand, development of product and research should be improved. Studies have been shown that the use of herbs, spices, and their extracts are of the major interventions, which were adopted in the industry of the meat for improving its quality traits. In the present paper, the most recent literature about use of bioactive compounds in herbal plants for evaluating a number of parameters related to meat quality, including fat

This research work was conducted to study the role of cryptosporidial infection in calves with chronic non-responsive diarrhoea (1-4 weeks old). The

Fifteen bony shuttle pins are used to immobilize induced radial and tibial fractures in the distal third. Good alignment and