This study was designed to explore the effect of the ethanolic extract of Sonchus oleraceus on Escherichia coli infection in mice. The LD50 of the orally dosage ethanolic extract of Sonchus oleraceus was found to be 800gm/kg B.W for two weeks. Twenty five mice were randomly divided into five groups. The first group was given orally the ethanolic extract with dose 800 mg/kg B.W for two weeks, then infected with Escherichia coli bacteria with dose 1×10⁸ cfu for ten days. Second group was infected with Escherichia coli bacteria with dose 1×10⁸ cfu for ten days then treated with ethanolic extract of Sonchus oleraceus for two week

      The objective of this study was to investigate the percentage of male and female ovine embryos produced after oocytes fertilization by sperm selected with self-migration (swim-up) technique. The sex of in vitro produced embryos was determined by Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). results indicate that the fertilization by sperm selected using Swim-up technique was 81.8%  (9/11) male and 18.1% (2/11) female in vitro produced embryos when centrifuged at 200×g, while centrifugation at 300×g  was 72.7% (8/11) male and 27.2% (3/11) female embryos. It was concluded that the use of “swim-up” technique refer to significant (P<0.05) occurred for increasing male embryos ratio compar

     فُحصت 100 عينة براز لبط بشكل عشوائي من خمسة مناطق مختلفة في محافظة بابل لكلا الجنسين و بأعمار مابين ستة شهور إلى سنة لتشخيص طفيلي الأبواغ الخبيئة (Cryptosporidium) وقد أظهرت النتائج إن نسبة الإصابة الكلية 8%. استعملت ثلاثة تقنيات تشخيصية مختلفة في هذه الدراسة لتشخيص أكياس بيض الطفيلي وهي الصبغة الصامدة للحامض المحورة (Modified Ziehl Neelsen) وتقنية التصبيغ بالأيودين وتقنية التطويف بالمحلول السكري المشبع. قيس

     The study was conducted to evaluate antitumor effects of green tea (Camellia sinensis) extracts (aqueous and methanolic) on Rhabdomyosarcoma; cell line and a normal cell line; mouse embryo fibroblast; Chemical detections of green tea extracts revealed that the aqueous and methanolic extracts were positive for flavonoids, alkaloids, phenol and glycosides. The percentage growth inhibition of five plant concentrations (50, 100, 250, 500 and 1000 µg/ml) were assessed in vitro using tumor cell lines Rhabdomyosarcoma and normal cell line mouse embryonic fibroblasts. The results revealed that the five concentrations of the plant extracts showed anti-tumor properties in a concentration-dependent manner

  Coccidiosis is the most common and important disease of poultry resulting in great economic losses world widely. The objective of this study was to define the species of Eimeria, their prevalence, and gut histopathological lesions in quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) in Thi-Qar province, Iraq. Over the period of ten months (December 2019 to September 2020), a total of 330 fresh fecal samples (201 from males and 129 from females) were collected from different marketplaces and farms in Thi-Qar province. Direct smear and flotation techniques were used to examine the presence of Eimeria oocysts in the fecal samples. The sporulated oocyst shape indices were measured microscopically. Hematoxylin and e

This study was aimed to prepare ready food from some meat proteins

The infectious bursal disease (IBD) is a highly contagious and immunosuppressive disease of broiler chickens and the development of a new genetic variant of the virus is responsible for major economic losses in the poultry industry. For this purpose, it was essential to isolate the molecular characterization of the virus from vaccinated broiler in Erbil, Iraq. Clinically, the infectious bursal disease is characterized by high mortality (10-15%) with hemorrhagic lesions on the breast and thigh muscles, hemorrhagic and edematous bursa of diseased chickens. In this study, the Bursa of Fabricus (BF) samples were collected between June 2018 and January 2019. Histopathological changes of the bursal sections showed

Administration of bromocriptine (100 g) to rats on day 7 of pseudopregnancy (P.P.) caused a marked reduction in P.P. length associated with a significant reduction

A study wes conducted on the effect of two rearing systems (Cages and floor) and the environmental temperature on the egg production and mortality percent , of the laying hens. A total of 6000 Hisex Brown laying hens, 22 weeks old, were randomly divided in two closed houses. Hens in the first house were raised in cages while hens in the second house were raised on the floor, All birds were fed ad. Libitum a commertial laying diet. One year experiment was divided into 13 periods of 4 weeks each. At the end of each period, H.D, H.H. egg production and mortality percent were calculated The data indicated, that rearing system did not significantly affect the egg production of the laying hens, but the mortality percent were significantly (P&l

Urine samples for bacterial cultures (697) and (604) blood sam

The study revealed that the ampullae of ductus deferens(vas deferens), seminal vesicle and bulbourethral glands are paired in number and well developed in ram and buck except the prostate gland have only disseminated part surrounding the pelvic urethra (embedded in pelvic urethral wall) without body of gland. The anatomical parameters of the ampullae in ram are generally with mean length 4.98± 0.28cm,mean width 0.63 ± 0.04cm ,mean weight 2.24 ± 0.007gms and mean volume 1.4
±0.03cm3.The seminal vesicle have mean length 3.68± 0.05cm, mean width 2.50±0.06cm ,mean weight 4.42± 0.15gms , mean volume 3.35±0.05cm3 .The bulbourethral gland have mean length 1.59± 0.36cm ,mean width 1.493±0.02cm ,mean weight 3.46±0.01gms ,mean volume

In this study 72 blood samples were collected from healthy individuals. Thirty blood samples were taken from children with age range (12-18) and twenty blood samples from females with age range (12-15) years old 2-4 after two weeks of vaccination with rubella vaccine. Control group included 12 healthy children and 10 healthy females both did not have rubella vaccine through their life. These samples were tested to evaluate the immune-status of individuals after immunization. In this study specific haemagglutination antibodies and IgM antibodies were measured and total Immunoglobulines (IgM, IgG and IgA) also determined. Lymphocyte transformation and ability of phagocyte cell to phagocytosis were measured. The results showed decrease in t

     The aim of the present study is to establish the relationship between gestational age and placentome measurement via real-time ultrasound. This study is conducted in the college of Veterinary Medicine at Diyala University. Seventeen multiparous does were synchronized for estrus and naturally served to obtain pregnancy and subsequently scanned using both transducers. Ultrasonic (U.S) examination was performed transabdominally (TA) with sector-probe (5MHz) and transrectally (TR) with linear-probe (7.5MHz), in 10 day interval done started from day 35-135 post mating. The placentome was observed for the first time on day 35 by using TR ultrasonic examination (7.5MHz) linear transducer, as echogenic d

      This study was carried out to investigate the effect of using alcoholic Ocimum basilicum and Olea europaea leaves extract, to study the antiviral activity against the Newcastle disease virus of poultry chicken embryo fibroblast monolayer culture. The extract was also decided for the chicken fibroblast culture and the concentrations (500, 250, 125, 100 and 50 µg /ml) of an alcoholic extract of Ocimum basilicum and Olea europaea leaves in maintenance media appeared to be nontoxic. Where the cytopathic effects of the Newcastle disease virus on chicken embryo fibroblast monolayer culture are well established so these concentrations were used to detect the antiviral activity

This study was conducted on 200 samples of females Karadi sheep genitalia contains 207 fetuses . These samples were collected from slaughter house in Sulaimani reigion during the period from June 2007 to the end of May 2008. Sheep genitalia consisted of 193(96.5%) single and 7(3.5%) twin fetuses, amonge them 122 (58.92%)and 84(41.06) were in the right and left horns ,respectively. The genitalia that contain fetuses with clear external sex organs was 141, of these 74 male and 67 female fetuses different Crown Rump Length (CRL), while 66 fetus their sex could diagnosis after abdominal opened. The results showed the weight of the fetal body and testes as well as the length of scrotum were increased with an increasing of the fetal CRL. The a

An epidemiological study was done on 2 groups of children infected
with watery diarrhea in some hospitals of Baghdad (group 1: immunocompetent
outpatients, group 2: immunosuppressed inpatients).
Modified cold Ziehl Neelsen stain was used in diagnosis. The whole
oocysts antigen prepared after conduction of experimental infection in 2 calves
by using isolated oocysts from children stool, and this prepared antigen was
used in Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Technique (IFAT).
The percentage of infection in the 2 groups of outpatients and inpatients
were 21.2% and 32% respectively, and there was a difference in percentage of
infection between the 3 groups of children, the highest was 36.4% in group with
leukemia an

     Current investigation was carried out to explore structural developmental changes of the acculus rotundus in indigenous rabbits at different postnatal ages. To conduct that, morphological, histological and morphometrical approaches were employed on 24 rabbits at ages one, ten, fifteen and forty days. The findings indicated that in one day kits, the Sacculus rotundus cannot recognized with the naked eye but in the next advanced ages it appeared as expanded pear-like structure situated at the end of ileum. It opened into the 2^nd gyrus at the base of cecum by saccorotundocecal orifice. Because it extends for 1-2 millimeters inside the lumen of the cecum, an annular ridge formed encircles the site of this

This study aimed to investigate the histopathological changes of Indomy pasta for 30 days on lung, kidney and spleen of albino rats. fifteen adult albino rats 200-220 gm was divided into 3 groups: The first group was considered as control group. The second group was fed with Indomy every other day for 30 days; the third group was fed with Indomy every day for 30 days. The histopathogical examination of the kidney show congestion of blood vessels and infiltration with neutrophil in lumen, The histopathological examination of lung showed hyper atrophy of masculares layer of the bronchiole with sever inflammatory cell infiltration mainly neutrophil and mononuclear cell in the wall of bronchioles, and with lumen of the alveoli with fibrous c

Attenuated 3rd stage larvae of Dictyocaulus filaria, by continuos em

This study was conducted to extract and titrate the leukotoxin of Fusobacterium
necrophorum isolates recovered from 75abscesses found in 24 livers of slaughtered cattle in
Sulaimaniyah region. The culture supernatants of these isolates were subjected to the
tetrazolium dye reduction test which revealed that the leukotoxin titer values of 34 F.
necrophorum subsp. necrophorum isolates ranged from 128 to 1024 (with a leukotoxin titer
mean of 516±46), whereas the leukotoxin titer values of the 11 F. necrophorum subsp.
funduliforme isolates ranged from 0 to 128 (with a leukotoxin titer mean of 73±12).

The aim of this study was to detect the effect of toxoplasmosis on some liver enzyme activity
such as bilirubin concentration, Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase
(AST), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) in serum. Twenty hundred and fifty women were examining
by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). One hundred and thirty-four were infected with
toxoplasmosis with different number of abortion (1-4) times were used in this work. All Serum
ALT and AST activities were increased and ALP and total bilirubin level decreased in infected
women below the normal value. The analysis of the plasma enzyme distribution pattern suggests
that liver cell damage occurred during virulent and low virulent inf

Detection of oocysts of Cryptosporidium in water of Al-Dehab AL-Abyad village was carried

The present study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of diazepam-propofol-Ketamine protocol for induction of general anaesthesia in rabbits. The experiment was conducted on seventeen healthy male adult local rabbits weighting 0.9-1.5 kg. Rabbits were given protocol, Diazepam 1mg/kg B.W. by intramuscular injection then 15 minutes later propofol 10 mg/kg B.W. as bolus slow intravenous injection and ketamine 25 mg/kg BW by intramuscular injection. Several parameters included respiratory rate, body temperature and heart rate were recorded before injection of drugs and after giving the anesthetic protocol at 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 minutes. The results showed that the anaesthesia with diazepam, propofol and Ketamine protoco

This study was performed to identify gross and histopathology changes which can be occur in testis and spermatic cord following injection of Acrylic Dental Base Material inside spermatic cord , the agent is widely present ,cheep, quick ,highly solid and used as a substance of chemical castration. It was injected inside spermatic cord of 15 healthy adult bucks in the ratio of 3:1 bilaterally ; Treated animals where divided randomly in to 5 groups depending on time for gross and histopathology examination after injected with the material. Animals were followed up for 7 days, 14 days, 30 days, 60 days, and 150 days after injection. Result showed good and immediate hardening after 20-25 min. of injected material. Gross examination of testis

The objective of this study is to evaluate the existence of Streptococcus equi subspecies equi as probable agents of naturally occurring infection of the equine upper respiratory disease from the Equestrian Club in Baghdad city. Nasal swabs and pus samples from 141 horses with upper respiratory tract infections were collected. Results indicated that different microorganisms were isolated and identified S. equi subsp equi (30 isolates), S. equi subsp zooepidemicus (14 isolates), S. equisimilus (9 isolates), Enterococcus fecalis (17 isolates), Pasteurella spp. (29 isolates), Staphylococcus spp. (25 isolates), Bacillus spp. (

This study included 150 swabs were taken from patients was suffering
from different burns. The most common fungi isolated from burn wound were
Aspergillus spp. (44.0%) at 37o and (38.17%) at 25o which include Aspergillus
niger (9.31%) at 37o and (12.42%) at 25o , Aspergillus fumigatus (4.34%) at 37o
and (10.55%) at 25o and Aspergillus flavus (0%) at 37o and (9.93%) at 25o ,
followed by Candida spp. (7.45%) at 37o and (7.45%) at 25o, Which includes
Blastomyces dermatitidis (0.62%) at 37o and (0.62%) at 25o, Helminthosporum
(0%) at 37o and (0.62%) at 25o, Trichophyton terrestre (0%) at 37o and (0.62%)
at 25o and Microsporum ajelloi (0%) at 37o and (0.62%) at 25o.The results of
minimal inhibitory concentration of

   This study was conducted to detect and quantify three mycotoxins Dioxynivalenol, Nivalenol and Fumonisin B2 in seeds of seven wheat cultivars planted in 17 wheat fields in Basra province, Iraq. This was done by using High Performance Liquid chromatographs analysis. The results revealed that Fumonisin B2 was the predominant mycotoxin, which present in 10 fields. The lowest concentration rate of this mycotoxin was 110 µg/Kg and the maximum was 11,228 µg/Kg. Dioxynivalenol as a trichothecene was in the second level detected in 6 fields with a minimum concentration of 8 µg/Kg and a maximum of 1,060 µg/Kg. Nivalenol was found only in 4 fields ranging from 272-1900 µg/Kg. Fumonisin B2 Only three fields showed co-occurrence of

Mean body weight and body temperature of chickens selected from known parents of groups (sensitive and resistant to stress) were measured weekly. No significant <

The present investigation aimed determenation of diabetic nephrepathy in alloxan treated rats. The study included