Some enzymes of seminal plasma such as, Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, Glutamic Pyruvic transaminase, Acid phosphatase and Alkaline phosphatase are essential for metabolic processes which provide energy for viability, motility and fertility of spermatozoa. These enzymes are used as good indicators of semen quality as they measure the plasma membrane stability of spermatozoa, so the aims of study are to estimate the enzymes level and total protein in seminal plasma of Holstein bulls. In present the available knowledge there is no study in Iraq regarding the effect of using magnetically treated water on enzymes and total protein in seminal plasma of Holstein bulls born in Iraq to improve the Artificial Insemina

     The present study was conducted during the period from September 2015 until February 2016. 100 fecal samples were collected from 60 sheep and 40 goats for diagnosis of Cryptosporidium parasite from diverse areas in Al-Qadisiyah province. The study amid to know the genetic characters of Cryptosporidium spp. parasite by using a molecular technique such as the nested polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing analyzed by phylogenetic tree to identify the parasite species. This study was done on the sheep and goat at first time in the middle region of Iraq and the identified species were recorded in NCBI-Genbank database. In sheep, the results of positive infected samples was (40%) while, in the g

     This study is designed to investigate the effect of acrylamide on some metabolic syndrome parameters in adult male rats relative to fructose. Forty adult male rats were randomly divided into four equal groups (ten rat/group) and treated for 60 days as follows: Control: Rats in this group were received distilled water orally, groups T1 and T2: rats of these groups were given orally 0.5 and 1mg/kg B.W acrylamide respectively. Animals in the fourth (T3) group were given 40% fructose in drinking water. Blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture technique at different periods 0, 30 and 60 day of the experiment for measuring serum concentration of the following parameters related to metabolic syn

        The present study aimed at producing the ligninolytic enzymes extracts by growing single and co-cultures of an indigenous Aspergillus terreus SG-777 utilizing solid state fermentation (SSF) using lignocellulosic substrates. A further goal was to optimize the production condition of ligninolytic enzymes by selected fungal culture and lignocellulosic substrate. The production process was further improved by optimizing a number of physical parameters such as (substrate, incubation time, moisture level, inoculum size, pH, and temperature). By optimization of different parameters, the maximum specific activities of enzymes synthesized by Aspergillus terreus SG-777 were observed as 0

Two flocks of sheep and goats (30 and 35 animals) were vaccinated by locally produced S19 vaccine, each animal instilled with 2 X 109 cfu in each drop conjunctively. From each flock, a group of 10 heads was used to study the immune response serologically at intervals 2, 4, 6, 8, and 19 week through blood samples using the rose bengal plate test (RBPT) and serum agglutination test (SAT) to determine Ab titres. The results of RBPT were 100% positive till 6 and 8 weeks in sheep and goats respectively, while SAT showed means of Ab titer after vaccination 100, 84, 47, 21, and 7 in sheep while in goats reached 144, 192, 100, 62, and 13. Also, the cellular immune response was evaluated by prepared Peptidoglycan Brucellin (PGB), which was inject

This study was described for the nature of the pathpgenesis of bacteria Pasteurella multocida

 Hematological values of twenty normal male foals at 1-6 months , 7-12 months and

Abamectin activity against mange in buffaloes was evaluated by using 0.2 mg/kg. B. W. of this drug

Permethrin, is a synthetic insecticide of appreciably low mammalian toxicity, it is especia

This study is carried out to investigate the prevalence of Coxiella burnetii (C. burnetii) infections in cattle using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay targeting IS1111A transposase gene. A total of 130 lactating cows were randomly selected from different areas in Wasit province, Iraq and subjected to blood and milk sampling during the period extended between November 2018 and May 2019. ELISA and PCR tests revealed that 16.15% and 10% of the animals studied were respectively positive. Significant correlations (P<0.05) were detected between the positive results and clinical data. Two positive PCR products were analyzed phylogenetically, named as C. burnet

Twenty two ( 11 from lung and 11 from liver of lung-liver cross infection ) hydatid cysts fluid collected from sheep slaughter in Duhok abattoir and there biochemical analysis done for several parameters (total protein , Glucose, Cholesterol , triglyceride, creatinine , Urea , Uric acid , Calcium and Magnesium ions ) by colorimetric assay kits for the first time in this area . The biochemical parameters varies in there measures as for protein increased significantly ( P<0.01) in lung cysts fluid ,while in liver some increased significantly like cholesterol ( P<0.01) ,triglyceride ( P<0.05 ) , creatinine (P<0.01) , calcium (P <0.01) and magnesium ( P<0.05). In compare with previous studies the results reflected some diff

     The present study aims at using the biological techniques in a genotoxicity assessment of low doses of radiation in samples of workers in Al-Tuwaitha site due to decommissioning to radioactive contamination as a result of work. This study included 50 male blood samples, aged 35 - 63 years as well as 35 blood samples from non-smokers and non-alcoholic as control group which included 25 male and 10 female aged 25 -57 years. The endpoints used were sister chromatid exchange (SCE) and hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT) mutation assay. The sister chromatid exchange in the human lymphocyte for radiation worker was significantly (P<0.05) higher than in the control group. While the results of mutat

         The aims of present study were designed to determine the relationship between fetal number single or twin and placentome measurement by real time Ultrasonography at different stage of pregnancy. Twenty mature female of shami goats were synchronized  for estrus with vaginal sponges impregnated with 60 mg of medroxey progesterone acetate (MAP) (Esponja-vet – spanin) under strict  hygienic conditions, the sponges were inserted by applicator for 14 days, following  by eCG (Folligon) intra muscularly injection each female goats (doe) received  500 IU Folligon. At the time of sponges withdrawl, estrus detection was done and each doe expressed estrus sings serviced naturally

Twenty weeks old Euribrid-Hisex Brown laying hens were used to study the effect of water po

     The aim of this study was to determine the level of antibiotics residues in the locally produced cows raw milk as well as to evaluate the effect of different commercial heat treated process on the level of antibiotics residues in milk. A total of 52 locally produced milk samples were collected from apparently healthy cows in AL-Fudhailia village, milk cans (50 Kg), bulk milk tanks (1, 5 and 10 tons) which belonged to the milk reception and collection centers and dairy plants in Baghdad were collected during beginning of December 2015 to the end of April 2016. Results revealed by using high performance liquid chromatography that there was a significant seasonal variation in the residual concentration of each detec

Survival of E. coli (0114:K90) on each of glass, wood, polystyrene

The present study was conducted in two different farms, including (256) foaling mares in : AL-Laith equine herd and equestrian club in AL-Ameria, 4-14 years old foaling mares which are situated in areas around Baghdad and extended one calendar from July 2011 until July 2012 . These mares were examined for pregnancy diagnosis by trans-rectal ultrasonography using a 5 MHz lineararray transducer between Days 10 and 40 after breeding (breeding day = Day 0). Criteria to assess the accuracy of trans-rectal sonography were overall accuracy (correct diagnoses/all diagnoses), sensitivity (correct diagnoses "pregnant"/all pregnant animals), and specificity (correct diagnoses "non-pregnant" /all non-pregnant animals. The sensitivity, specificity an

     The current study was designed to determine the infection rate of intestinal protozoa in sheep and their handlers, and in their drinking water, in Wasit province, so as to study the relationship between contamination of drinking water with protozoal pathogen and infection in sheep and handlers in the period from the beginning of September 2015 to the end of February 2016. Two hundred eighty fecal samples were collected: (180) samples from sheep and 100 samples from human (50 handlers and 50 from non handlers), 50 drinking water samples were collected (18 samples; human tap water and RO bottled water and 32 samples river water). All samples were examined by conventional methods (direct moist smears, flotation with

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of formaldehyde on the kidney <

Mean body weight and body temperature of chickens selected from known parents of groups (sensitive and resistant to stress) were measured weekly. No significant <

In recent decades, exotic pets are increasingly invited to homes with a wide range of variation in species and requirements that are more specialized. During a one-year period, 2408 exotic animals admitted to the Small Animal Veterinary Hospital, University of Tehran were assessed. Rabbits, hamsters, squirrels, turtles/tortoises, guinea pigs, lizards, hedgehogs, reindeer, monkeys, and snakes were referred, respectively. Owner referral cause and their gender in addition to the disease diagnosis were analyzed. While no statistical significance (P>0.05) was observed in the total number of men and women presenting these animals, gender-based preferences were spotted for owning specific types of animal species

The present investigation aimed determenation of diabetic nephrepathy in alloxan treated rats. The study included

     This study was carried out to investigate the hepatotoxicity of chronic adminstration of an immunosuppressant Tacrolimus in male albino rats. Thirty male albino rats were randomly divided into 3 equal groups, the first one (T1) recieved therapeutic dose (70µg/kg.BW) of Tacrolimus. The second group (T2) recieved double dose (140 µg/kg.BW) of Tacrolimus, while the third group recieved distilled water for the same period and considered as control (C). Alanine aminotransferase, Aspartate aminotransferases, Alkaline Phosphatase, serum potassium and serum calcium showed significant increase in both treated groups T1 and T2 as compared  with control, proportional to the dose of Tacrolimus. There were histopatholo

Bovine mastitis is a disease that concerns animals' welfare and increases the economic production losses. Bacterial agents such as Staphylococcus species are the main causative agent of bovine mastitis. This bacterial agent expresses some inflammatory cytokines that might enhance the cell-mediated, which may promote the pathogenesis of mastitis. The objective of the current study was to investigate the bovine innate immune response circulating levels of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. A total of 10 mL of milk specimens were collected randomly from 100 clinically mastitic cows, and another 20 clinically healthy cows were considered as a control group for the California Mastitis test. The microbiological cultures of milk

This study was carried out to at the poultry farm of the college of
veterinary medicine / Baghdad University during 12/5/2004 – 6/7/2004 to
study the effect of substitution of smut wheat instead of intact wheat in
poultry ration at the following levels (0%, 25% , 50% and 100%)
representing the following groups (T0, T1, T2 and T3), respectively. Physical
treatment was obtained for smut wheat by polishing the seed by sand to
remove the superficial fungal growth. Each group was sub divided into two
sub groups, one was physically treated with sand and the other was not
treated to study the hematology traits at 28 and 56 days of the experiment.
Characterristics included in this study were PCV, Hb, RBC, WBC,
dif

Fourty chicks were used to study the effect of adding vitamin -C- to the feed on experiment

The present investigation is concerned with utilizing of two types of Single Cell Protein (SCP) designated, Saccharomyces cerevisiae growth for processing P1. And joint growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with lactic acid bacteria Streptococcus thermophilus for processing P2. T2 and T3 respectively, as a replacemente of commercial animal protein T1 . The nutritional performance for SCP was carried out via feeding trials of carp fingerling Cyprinus carpio L.
Values of fish weight rate for carp after 50 days of feeding triales started experiment were 1.15, 1.31, 1.34 gm. The fish growth rate were 0.425, 0.480, 0.500, gm .The averages of daily weight were 0.008, 0.009, 0.01gm/day , The absolute specific growth rates for fish were 0.92, 0.

The survival ability and development of the free living stages of Dictyocaulus. filaria larvae

   أن مصطلح زيادة طاقة اخصاب وتكييف الحيمن يعني تلك التغييرات الفسيولوجية التي تحدث للحيمن لكي يكتسب من خلالها قابليته على الاخصاب. ان هذه الظاهرة مهمة جدا للاخصاب الخارجي , علم الاجنة و بايولوجيا التكاثر. ان هذه الدراسة اعدت لزيادة طاقة اخصاب وتكييف  الحيمن في ثلاثة مستويات من الهيبارين ( 50 و 100 و 140) وحدة دولية. 140 زوج من خصى الاكباش جمعت من المجزرة, 70 زوج لكل موسم و70 جهاز تناسلي للنعاج (35 لكل موسم). خضعت ا

A total number of cows artificially inseminated and became pregnant in
Sulaimani region during 1999-2002 were 36952 and 15020 respectively.
The year 2001 showed the highest numbers of those inseminated and became
pregnant,while year 1999 showed the lowest numbers,1039 (5.197% ) .
The overall mean of fertility rate was 40.647% however the total number of
cows those treated with hormone was 8101 ( 21.92%) .
In August 2002 the total number of cows artificially inseminated was
2070, Sharazoor center performed the highest numbers followed Rania center
then Kalar and Chamchamal, while Sulaimani center performed the lowest
numbers. The fertility rate after GnRH treatment was found to be (74.71% )
while the fertilit