Blood serum samples were obtained from ten normal nonpregnant ewes at mid January and mid August. The level of acetylcholine estrease (ChE). enzyme activity was estimated colorimetrically while the values of glutamete-oxaloacetate transaminase (COT), glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (GPT) and alkaline Phosphatease (A Ph) were estimated by an autoanalyzer. The results indicated significant depression in the normal values of ChE, GOT and GPT in summer season.

In this study (35) cows suffering from bovine papilloma were subjected for three different
types of treatments; The First group involved 15 animals treated with autogenous vaccine.
The Second group involved 10 animals treated with prepared cell culture vaccine .While the
third group involved 10 cows treated with virulent local Newcastle disease virus. In the First
two groups the warts were surgically removed from cows showing lump lesions on skin of
abdomen, neck and udder, and transferred aseptically to laboratory by using transport media.
Treatment of cows in the first group involved preparation of autogenous formalin (0.5%)
in activated vaccine. Vaccination of these animals result in regression of the warts starte

This study was carried out in Artificial Insemination Depart-cat / Abu-Ghraib on Friesian bulls born in Iraq. Twenty-four ejaculates were used in two experiments to study the suitability of three procedures

of adding glycerol namely "G1, G2 and G3" to extenders “TYC, TYFG, SMYLG and Laci", The results of this study could be summarized as follows:-

a. Interaction between extender and type of adding glycerol was significant in some characteristics.

b. The type two of adding glycerol "G2" had had results in extenders on Frozen semen characteristics.

c. No significant difference between the two type of adding glycerol "Gi and G3 ", but G3 had good results more than Gi in SMYLQ extender. So the type on G1 of

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of age and season on the epididymal sperm and level of testosterone in camel. A total 103 camel testes samples were collected from Al-Najaf slaughter house during a cold season (December 2012, January and February 2013) and moderatehot season (March, April and May, 2013). Testes were divided into 3 Gs according to camel age, G1 included the testes of 2-3years, G 2 (3 – 4years) and over 4 years (G 3). Blood samples were collected for determination of serum testosterone level. The sperms were obtained from the tail of epididymis from all animals groups and the results of the sperms individual motility percentage was increased at the level of (P< 0.05) significantly with age progress in

To study the bacterial contamination of table eggs in Babylon city, a total of 214 eggs collected from different sources, including 100 from farms and 114 from supermarkets, all samples were cultured for the bacteria on Salmonella Shigella Agar(SS Agar) and nutrient agar. The results of the farms samples showed that there are no growth of bacteria in all samples under study whereas the results of supermarkets samples showed that about 21.05% of supermarkets eggs were contaminated with bacterial strains, and the results showed the presence of Stahylococcus aureus in 10.52% of the samples, Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 7.89%, a Proteus mirabilis in 3.50%, S. epidermidis in 0.87% and Bacillus subtilis in 0.87%. Also, the antibiotic sensitivity

     Milk and dairy products are fundamental components in the human diet and may be the principle way for entrance of Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in to the human body. All milk and dairy products samples were tested for the occurrence of AFM1 by the competitive ELISA technique. Out of 32 bovine raw milk samples that were collected from eight villages around Baghdad province, 32 samples (100 %) were contaminated with AFM1 ranging from 0.15 to 86.96ng/kg with mean value of 42.37±26.07 ng/kg, of which 17 samples were contaminated with concentrations < 50 ng/kg and 15 samples exceeded the maximum acceptable level of AFM1 in milk (50 ng/kg) imposed by the European legislation. The raw milk samples belonged to animals fed with

The incidence of ovine progressive pneumonia (OPP), and its relation to Pasteurella haemolytica

A full term fetus showing congenital defects in the head and limbs. 

The calf

Knowledge of basic structures is prerequisite for acquiring an in-depth idea about the physiology and immunology of the lymphoid system. The study evaluates the age related histomorphometry of cecal tonsil of Sonali chicken at different postnatal stages in Bangladesh as literatures regarding this are very scarce. The investigation was carried out on 25 healthy Sonali chickens representing different stage of postnatal life: days 1, 14, 28, 42, and 56 (n=5). After ethically sacrifice (cervical subluxation method), cecal tonsil was collected and subjected for both gross and histological studies. Haematoxylin and Eosin stain was done for microscopic study. Morphologically, cecal tonsils were located bilaterally at the junction of small and l

     The aim of the present work is to determine the hematological parameters in clinically normal local breed goats. The study was conducted on 130 goats (40 males of them 20 bucks and 20 buck kids and 90 females of them 20 doe kids, 20 dry does, 25 pregnant and 25 lactating does) aged 6 months-4 years in AL-Najaf province-Iraq. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein into EDTA tubes during October 2013 untill February 2014. Results showed that the ranges and means ±SE of blood picture were as follows; packed cell volume (PCV) 26-40% and 31.8±0.32%, Hemoglobin (Hb) 8-14.3g/dL and 10.3±0.13 g/dL, Red blood cell (RBC) 10.6-17×10⁶/μL and 13.3±0.14×10⁶/μL, Mean cell volume (MCV) 1

The current study was conducted on 152 clinically normal Awassi sheep to evaluate serum activities of alanine aminotranferase (ALT), aspartate amino-transferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT) in Baghdad governorate / Iraq. Sheep were divided into males; 62 ram lambs and rams, 90 females; ewe lambs, pregnant and lactating ewes both aged 7 to 48 months. The samples were collected from October 2011 until March 2012, and the sera were used for measurement of serum liver enzymes.The results revealed that the range and mean ± SEM of these enzymes were as follows : serum ALT 3.5 – 24 U/L and 9.66 ± 0.31 U/L, serum AST 25 – 220 U/L and 71.83 ± 3.09 U/L , serum ALP 59 – 300 U/L and 139.86 ± 3.56 U/

Aqueous extract of DI leaves was given to mice , at graded dose (100&200mg/kgB.W,P.O) to evaluat its antidiarrhoeal potential by using four experimentally induced diarrhoea treated groups each consis of five mice and one control group.Castor oil and magnesium sulphate were used to induce diarrhoea in mice,The extract at both doses showed a remarkable antidiarrhoeal activity manifested by significant delay in onset of diarrhea , decrease in number of wet stools , total number of stools and total weight of fecal output in 4 hours in both castor oil and magnesium sulphate induced diarrheal groups of mice. The results of this study reveal that The aqueous extract of Datura innoxia leaves contains pharmacologically active substance with a

In an experiment designed to study the pathogenicity of two isolates of F. gigantica, one of sheep and the other of buffalo origin, twenty-one, 3- months old goats were divided into 3 equal groups. The first received 5 metacercariae per kg body weight of the sheep strain and the second group has given the same dose of buffalo strain, while the third group was left as control.

The main pathological findings were characterized as: fibrinous. perihepatitis, haemorrhagic tracts, haematomas, focal necrosis, hydroperitoneum and in the chronic phase by fibrosis and the typical pipe-stem liver. In animals of the second group, lesions were minor and consisted only of fewer heemorrhagic foci.

 The possible explanation of the d

The aim of this study to mentioned the effect of pregnancy on blood parasitemia of some protozoal
infections and total, differential of white blood cells counts from 22 Awassi ewes 3-3.5 years age
naturally infected by Theileria hirci and Anaplasma marginale.
Our results showed that there was a positive relationship between the development of pregnancy stages
and the blood parasitemia till reach the highest levels during the last months (fourth and fifth) of
pregnancy of Theileria hirci and Anaplasma marginale 3±0.06%, 2.29±1% and 0.77±0.15%,
1.09±0.87% respectively.
The total white blood cells count decrease in the first month of pregnancy (5.780±0.54×10³
cell/mm³), while increased during the others which

The antigeic composition of two kinds of malleins (Old mallein and PPD mallein) were analysed by gel filtration chromatography on sephacryl S 300 column. Two major protein peaks were determined and were terme

The purpose of the study was to determine the efficacy and safety of
intratesticular injection of ethanol or formalin as a novel method for
chemosterilization of rabbits. Twenty rabbits, aged (6-8 months) and weighed
(1.3-1.5) kg were used. They were randomly divided into two equal groups. In
the first group, absolute ethanol and in the second group, formalin1% at a dose
of 1ml/testis for each agent were injected under the effect of xylazine, by
insertion of the needle from the caudo-ventral aspect of the testis then pushed in
the center of the testis toward the cranio-dorsal pole of the testis. Orchidectomy
was done at first and second months postinjection, samples from the testes and
epididymis were taken for

Back ground: Toxoplasmosis is an important zoonosis that causes economic losses in animal herds due to abortion and stillbirth as well as changes in the reproductive and neural system of susceptible animals . Objective: The aims of the present study is to determination the prevalence of T. gondii in farm animals ( sheep& goat)of both genders and different ages in Sulaimani province by using two serological tests (ELISA and LAT). Methods: Blood samples were collected from farm animals ,142 sheep and 46 goats , of different sexes and ages. Tow different serological tests ,ELISA and LAT for qualitative determination of T. gondii antibody titer in sheep and goats serum samples. Results: The prevalence rate in sheep was 73 (51.7 %) and 82

Branchiomycosis is a fungal disease that infects fish gills. It was
identified by isolation and histopathological changes of examined gills in
common carp fish (Cyprinus carpio) which, were obtained from fish farm in
Duhok Governorate, Iraq. The infected fish were suffering from respiratory
disorders; gulping air at the water surface, rapid movement of operculum and
massive mortality, which resulted in the loss of 95% of fish pond. The gills
appear marbled appearance with necrotic areas on the localized damage gills.
The causal pathogen was identified as Branchiomyces sanguinis, in which the
diameter of spores and non-septated hyphae are 5-7 μm and 12 – 20 μm,
respectively. In histopathological preparation,

During the period from November 2007 till October 2008, a total of 255 specimens of the cyprinid fish, from freshwater fish Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758, were collected from fish markets east of Baghdad city. Microscopic examination of these fishes revealed that they were infected with two species of the crustaceans ]Argulus foliaceus (0.8%) and Ergasilus sieboldi (20%)[.The present study included the following: The clinical signs which were caused by the crustaceans, which included redness and an opacity of the skin, increase of mucus secretion and rapid movements of the operculum. The percentage incidence of the infection with these parasites were also found to be related to different length groups of the host, the larger fishes were

Liquid Phase Radioimmunoassay (RIA) was developed to detect and measure anti-rinderpest immunoglobuli

     The aim of this study was to investigate the seroprevelance of Toxoplasma gondii in camels and horses in Wasit province and to determine the seroprevalence of Toxoplasmosis in certain animals farm in Wasit province, also this study included the extent of the disease in camels and horses within two months starting from the January until February of 2015. A total of 184 samples were collected of them 92 horses and 92 camels. The results showed that the incidence of Toxoplasma gondii in horses was 18.4%, in camels 20.6% and the infection percentage of females were more than that males in both horses and camels 21.1 and 20.2%, respectively. Also the present results revealed that younger animals infe

This study was conducted for rapid detection of contamination of meat products with E. coli 0157 by usage of ELISA test kit as one of the most rapid and newest test. The study showed the efficiency of ELISA test kit used in this study in detection of bacteria antigen in meat products samples of raw beef meat , kabab and beef burger which subjected to improper storage conditions or undercooked and hence when some peoples uptake some of these products they suffered from clinical intoxication signs like diarrhea ,vomiting and hyperthermia. The kit showed the presence of (9) samples positive among (90) samples ; (2) positive out of (30) kabab samples,(3) positive out of (30) beef burger and (4) positive out of (30) raw beef meat after 16 hrs

Pharamcokinetic studies were performed for gentamicin sulphate at single dose of 5 mg/kg compared with

Twenty rats were divided equally into four groups, housed separately in special metabolic cages.

Twenty chicks at (45) days old were used and divided into two equal groups ,

The objective of this study is to determine the effectiveness of banana leafs as a wound dressing in rabbits. Ten adults local breed male rabbits weighing between 1.5 – 2 kg were used. The animals were divided into two equal groups. Animals were anesthetized by xylazine 5 mg / kg BW mixed with ketamine 40 mg / kg BW intramuscularly. Under aseptic technique (4-6) avulsion wounds 1cm in diameter were made on the back region of each rabbit. Control group didn’t receive any treatment, while the treated group the wounds were covered by the banana leaf as poultice for 14 days. Histopathological and gross evaluation revealed that there are significant differences between the two groups, because banana leaf provides a clean, waxy non adheren

Twenty Awassi ewes aged 2-3 years were used in this experiment. Estrus was synchronized in these ewes by using intravaginal sponges containing

The susceptibility of the primary chick embryo chorioallontoic membrane cells to infectious bronchitis virus was evaluated after twenty consecutive passages in chick embryo chorioallontoic membrane cells. Virus replication was monitored by cytopathic observation, indirect immunoperoxidase, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). At 72 hours post-infection in third passage, the cytopathic effect was characterized by rounding up of cells, monolayer detachment, intracytoplasmic brownish colouration was readily observed by immunoperoxidase from 24hours p.i in third passage, and at all times the extracted viral RNA from IBV-infected monolayers was demonstrated by RT-PCR. Tissue culture ineffective dose50 (TCID50) was use

This study was planned to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella spp. One hundred bovine with different age and both sexes at slaughterhouse were examined. Four hundred samples were collected from different internal organ (bile, Liver, spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes). Diagnostic study depended upon the morphological and cultural properties of the isolates on some selective media like Brilliant green, XLD, SS agar which used in addition to different biochemical tests, API-20E )Enterobacteriaceae Identification Kit.). Isolates were serotyped at the Central Public Health Laboratories (National Center of Salmonellae in Baghdad, Iraq). Eleven isolates consisting of Salmonella anatum (9.09%), S.newport (27.2