This study dealt with comparative taxonomic study for the two species Amarantus albus L. and Amaranthus gracilis Defs. in Iraq . It was included the important morphological characters for roots, stems, leaves ,petioles ,inflorescences and its parts ,floral parts ,fruits and seeds . Also the dimensions and properties of each part have been recorded ,even its colors which helps in isolated and diagnosed the two species, the first one recognized by its white stems while the other one had red stems, also the first species characterized by axillaries sessile  inflorescences with so small florets  while the other one had terminal clusters spike inflorescence . Stamens were three in first species with short f

A field trial was conducted at Al-Mishkhab Rice Research Station at Najaf province during 2015 rice season to assess the effects of irrigation periods and organic manure on soil physical properties under System of Rice Intensification The experiment was conducted using split   split plot arrangement with RCBD design with three replicates. The main plots were irrigation schedule where practiced: daily and intermittent water application where irrigation water was at two different intervals 3, 5 day. The sub plots were varieties (anber33,jasmin) and three amount of organic manures 0, 5, 10 ton.haˉ¹, planted under System of Rice Intensification (SRI) compared with conventional method. The results indicated that superiorit

A field trial was conducted at Al-Mishkhab Rice Research Station at Najaf Governorate during 2015 season to assess the effects of irrigation periods and organic manure on yield and its components of two local rice varieties (Anber 33, Jasmine) under System of Rice Intensification (SRI). The experiment was conducted using split split plot arrangement with RCBD design with three replicates. The main plots were irrigation methods where practiced: continuous submerge and intermittent water application where irrigation water was scheduled at two different intervals 3, 5 days. The sub plots were varieties (anber33,jasmin) and three amount of organic manures 0, 5, 10 ton.haˉ¹, planted under System of Rice Intensification (SRI) compare

The objective of this research was to analyze the economic impact of government intervention in the essential cereal crops for (Rice Buhooth1, and Synthetic genotype Baghdad3) by comparing the social price and private prices through adopting policy analysis matrix approach PAM and the derived parameters from it .The research was divided into two chapters; the first chapter was about field counting for the policy analysis matrix PAM and measuring the implications of the government intervention on the Rice Buhooth1. The second chapter was about explaining the field counting for policy analysis matrix PAM and measuring the implications of the government intervention impact on the second synthetic genotype Baghdad3.T

This study was conducted to evaluate the anticancer effect of Eriobotrya japonica (loquat) fruit juice on cancer cell lines (in vitro) and its antioxidant activity. Study was performed on two cancer cell lines, human cervical cancer (Hela), rhabdomyo sarcoma (RD), and rat embryogenic fibroblast (REF) as a normal cell, at concentrations of 62.5, 125, 250, 500 and 1000 µg/ml of fruit juice were measured at 24, 48, and 72-hr. with three replicates. Free radical 1,1Dyphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) was used for testing the ability as antioxidant on 25, 50, 75, 100, 150 µg/ml concentration of the loquat fruit juice. The results revealed that the  juice  of&

The experiment was carried out at the field of Field Crop - College of Agriculture-Univ. of Baghdad, during spring and fall seasons of 2013, under two levels of Nitrogen; 200 and 400 kg N.ha^-1, by using Randomized Complete Block Design, with four replications. The objectives of the experiment were to estimate the genotypic, phenotypic and environmental correlations and path coefficient of yield and its components that correlated with yield to rely on them as selection criteria  for high yield of maize. Results of statistical analysis showed that studied  traits contributed with 99% and 85% of yield variance at spring and fall under 200 kg N.ha^-1. respectively, and 99% and 93% of yield variance at s

The research aiming  to identify the role of the specialist training courses in improving the workers' performance at animal resources in provinces of the middle region of Iraq , via measures included 78 items distributed on 5 topics as follow: the specialist  training  courses reality, keep up agricultural innovations courses,  the contribution of the specialist training courses, obstacles hindering the training  courses to improve the workers in the animal resources, And how to reduce these obstacles. Research community workers in animal resources who have received specialized training

This experiment was conducted at a closed poultry house , Poultry Research Station , office of Agricultural Research, Ministry of Agriculture, Baghdad, Iraq, for the period from 2/9 to 14/03/2016 for total rearing of 35 days. To diagnose and monitoring the Environmental factors such as temperature, humidity , density, and the carbon dioxide levels inside the house during winter season, and its impact on the productive performance of broiler chickens Rose 308 breed .The dimensions of the house was ,length 35 m x width 7.5 m x Height 2.5 m, by total space volume 3656.25 m³. The ventilation system in the house was (negative pressure type). The house is totally closed, small fans for (minimum ventilation) in the winter are

The production function of the important methods in the analysis in the components of the production process , by it can be identified the increasing in production for a given amount of resources , there for the objective of search analysis economic production functions of barley crop and knowing nature of the relationship between the factors , to fulfill the requirements of the research we are collected questionnaire from 130 farmers from crop farmers in Wasit province . We estimated by using Cobb-Douglas production function production function and restricted Cobb-Douglas. The results showed that the capital is the most influential factor in the production of barley since raised by 1% will increase production by 0.43% in a Cobb-

The Gravity Model considered one of the important models in foreign trade, because it is used to explain the most important determinants of the state export of it’s exporting goods and determine competitive state for exports of the country in world market of its exports, besides it give an idea about most important countries in exporting export goods. The study aims to determine most important factors affecting on flow of Iraqi skins to world market, and measuring influence of these factors and determine suitable model to understand most important determinants of foreign trade of Iraqi skins with most important trading partners. The study proved that per capita of GDP, quantity of commodity pro

The study aims to measure the marketing margins and costs and the marketing efficiency of the table eggs were produced by the privete sector in Baghdad province, and to achive the study aims we design questionnaire are for the three marketing levels in marketing path : producer , wholsale trader and retailer trader. The results showed that share of produce which paid by consumer was (82%) as a one of indicators of high marketing efficiency , the producer prof it was about (68%), and profit of the wholesale trader about (18%), and profit of retailer profit about (14%). The study estimate the relative importance of item of the marketing margin between producer and consumer , the relative importance of profits of wholesale trader ca

As a result of different quality standards for irrigation water and the varying ion composition, and the fact that classification of irrigation water consists of large and complex data, this study was conducted in order to find a way for combining the complex water quality data into a single value, a quality of irrigation water index (IWQI) which reflects the suitability of the water quality for irrigation. Irrigation water quality variables were divided into five groups according to Food and Agriculture Organization FAO guide. The order of the parameters were, Salinity expressed in electrical conductivity (EC), Sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), Toxicity of specific ions (boron, chloride, sodium, Toxic trace elements and Miscellaneo

This experiment was carried out at the fields of the Department of Horticulture and Landscape Gardening, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad, during the spring season of 2015 to study the effect of nitrogen fixing bacterial bio-fertilizers including Rhizobium phaseoli, Azotobacter  chroococcum, and Azospirillum brasilense and molybdenum on growth and yield of green beans. The experiment was conducted according to the randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications each included 11 treatments represent the interactions between nitrogen fixing bacteria strains, molybdenum solo application, molybdenum and bacteria strains interactions, in addition to the recommended nitrogen

A field experiment was carried out at the Horticulture Dept. Fild– Coll. Agric,University of Baghdad , to study the response of  red cabbage to the adding  wheat peat  and spraying its extract and organic nutrient vegeamino on qualitative characteristics of  heads , using Raissa hybrid , during winter season of  2015-2016 . Afactorial experiment using Randomized Complete Block Design(RCBD) with threere plicaes were canducted , The  First fatcor includes five levels of  fertilizers , wethout-fertilizer (P0) , recommended chemical fertilizer ( 100 N ,120P205and120K2O  kg . h ^-1

An experiment was carried out at the research station of the Agriculture College - of Baghdad University for two seasons, spring and autumn 2015, Using hybrid seeds, primal, one of the early Cultivars. To study the effect of iron, zinc spray and add organic nutrient for the vegetative growth and plant yield of green beans. The experiment was conducted using factorial experiment (4×3) with in randomized complete block designe with three replicates and12 treatments resulting from interaction spray four treatments (0, 0.5 Zn ml L^-1, 2g Fe L^-1 and 0.5 Zn ml L^-1+ 2g Fe L^-1) and add three levels of humic acid (0, 2 and 3) kg ha^-1, after melted in a calculated amou

Soaking seeds with gibberellic acid improves germination and may consider as a solution for reduce negative effects of salt stress. Therefore, an experiment was carried out in shaded area belong to Agriculture College, University of Baghdad during fall and spring seasons 2012-2013 to test effect of seeds soaking in GA3 on emergence and seedling growth of corn under salt stress. First factor was two levels dry seeds and soaked seeds in 300 ppm concentration of GA3 for 24 hours. Second factor was five levels (0, 1000, 2000, 3000 and 4000 ppm NaCl). Randomize complete block design (RCBD) was used with four replications. Results showed significant superiority of soaked seeds in GA3 gave best values for last day of emergence, time it

Two field experiments were carried out at the field crop research station- Abu-Ghraib of agricultural researches office during 2014-2015 and 2015-2016 to investigate effect of water irrigation quantities and ABA concentrations soaking and spraying on some morphological traits of wheat cultivar bahooth 10. Split plot arrangement by RCBD with three replicates for each experiment. First trial included for water irrigation volumes which control treatment (irrigation 50% of the water available), 70% and 40% from control treatment as well as rainy treatment (germination irrigation + rainfed) which occupied main plots while ABA soaking concentration (0, 1, 2, and 3) micromoles which occupied sub plots. Second experiment included same ir

Two field experiments were carried out at field crop research station- Abu-Ghraib- agricultural researches office during 2014-2015 and 2015-2016 to investigate effect of  irrigation deficiency quantities and ABA concentrations soaking and spraying on yield, its components of bahooth 10 wheat cultivar. Split plot arrangement by RCBD with three replicates for each experiment. First trial included for water irrigation quantities which control treatment (50% water depletion from available water), 70% and 40% from control treatment as well as rainy treatment (germination irrigation + rainfed) which occupied main plots while ABA soaking concentration (0, 1, 2, and 3) micromoles which occupied sup plots. Second experiment included

This experiment was carried out at the experimental farm of Field Crop Department, College of Agriculture, university of Baghdad, during two spring seasons of 2012 and 2013 to study the response of sunflower cultivar Akmar to irrigation methods, magnetized water technology on growth characteristics, yield and water use efficiency. The experiment was laid out as a split plot in randomized complete block design with three replications. Four irrigation methods were used as main plots, [farrow irrigation (I₁), unfixed alternate furrow irrigation (I₂), fixed alternate furrow irrigation (I₃) and basin irrigation (I₄)], while four levels of magnetized water (0

This experiment was carried out at the experimental farm of Field Crop Department, College of Agriculture, university of Baghdad, during two spring seasons of 2012 and 2013 to study the response of quality characteristics of sunflower cultivar Akmar to the irrigation methods and water of magnetization technology and water use efficiency. The experiment was laid out as a split plot in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Four irrigation methods were used as main plots, [Farrow irrigation (I₁), unfixed alternate furrow irrigation (I₂), fixed alternate furrow irrigation (I₃) and basin irrigation (I₄)], while four levels of magnetized water (0, 1

This study was to understand the effect of supplementation probiotic and different levels of citric acid to laying hens diet on eggs quality traits. during five months used 195 laying hens of  lohmann brown, 20 weeks old, being distributed in 15 ground pens (1. 5 × 2 m / pen) , 13 hens / pen, were randomly divided in to six treatments (3 Rep. / Treat.). First treatment was feded a standard laying diet without any additive as control, second treatment was feded diet with Iraqi probiotic 0.25%, third treatment was feded diet with Citric Acid 0.3% while fourth and fifth treatments were fed diets with Iraqi pro

This study was aimed to find out the synergistic effect of ginger and propolis some productivity and physiological traits of Awassi ewes. The study was conducted in field the Department of Animal Production - College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad Al-Jaderia, during 14/01/2016 - 03/27/2016, using 12 Awassi ewes with ages from 9 -11 months old ,average weight of 31 kg, The results showed a significant increase in the glucose for concentration (P <0. 05) in the ginger group compared with other groups where .significant increase in the concentration of blood sugar(81.0 mg / 100 ml of blood)  in the first month and continued to the second month,The level of cholesterol increase (65.90) in the second month of the group

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of high salinity on the some stress parameters of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) which gradually exposed to salt concentrations of 5, 10 and 15g/liter, as well as tap water (control 0.1g/liter) for 90 days .80 fish were randomly distributed on eight glass tanks with 2 replicates as 10 fish / replicate at average weight of 15 ± 3 g to study the effect of salinity on the Total protein , Glucose ,and Lactate in blood plasma , Fish were fed during the trial on commercial diet with 31.9 % protein content.. Results showed that an increase

An experiments were carried out at the field of Crops Dept., Coll. of Agric., Univ. of Baghdad, Abu Ghraib during 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 seasons to study effect of foliar stages and concentrations of ethephon on some growth traits and the yield of wheat (Triticumaestivum L.) Abu Ghraib-3 var. A split plot arrangement according to RCBD was used with four replications. The main plots were spray ethephon with four stages according to Zadok's scale which is: one leaf throught the sheath (ZGS₁₀), three leaves unfolded stage (ZGS₁₃), elongation stage (ZGS₃₀) and flag leaf ligue visible (ZGS₃₉), and the sub-plots was ethephon spray with three concentrations (0.400, 0.600 and 0.800) Kg.ha

This experiment was carried out at the Scientific Research Station of the College of Agriculture - University of Baghdad (Al-Jadiriyah), Spring and Autumn seasons 2015, using to Cucumber hybrid Gazeer, to study effect of adding organic material the vegetative growth of Cucumber. The experiment was conducted as factorial experiment (4x3) with in randomized complete Block design, with three replicates, First factor includes four levels of chemical fertilizer (0, 100%, 50% and 25%) of the recommended doses of fertilizers, The second factor was three levels of organic nutrient humic (0, 5kg ha^-1 and 10kg ha^-1). The results showed superiority of the treatment of  interaction C1H2 (NPK 100%+10 kg.ha^-1

This experiment was carried out  at the private nursery located at Baquba city/ Diyala governorate during 2015 agricultural season on three years old Citrus rootstocks seedlings to study the effect foliar application of salicylic acid  on  seedlings tolerance to soil salinity. The experiment included 24 treatment represented  three factors: soil salinity levels (1.14,4.62 and 5.30 dSm^-1) , two levels of salicylic acid (0 and 250 mg.l ^-1) and four citrus rootstocks (Sour orange, Cleopatra mandarin, Volkamariana lemon and Troyercitrange ),and their interactions with three replications . The results showed that: increasing soil salinity&nbsp

An experiment was carried out on the Cactus (Aloe vera L.), two year old plants were planted in one of the fields of Agriculture College - Baghdad University for the season 2015-2016 and planted in pots. The different organic fertilizers used in two (Sewage, poultry manure and sheep manure) and the fertilize used at two levels 7.5% and 5% from the weight of the pot, and organic acid (Com Sol ) at two levels (1.5 and 3) ml and chemical fertilizer NPK (2.5 gm) in addition to control treatment. The experiment carried out within the RCBD with three replicates and four plants for each experimental unit. results were indicated that the sewage treatment at 7.5% caused significantly increased in rates of vegetative characteristi

An experiment  was conducted in the tissue culture laboratory, College of Educated For Pure Science, Diyala Uinversity in 2014-2015,to investigate the influences of some plant growth regulators on total alkaloids production for ashwagandha plant )Withania somnifera L.) In Vitro .Four concentrations of Benzyl Adenine)BA (0.0, 1, 2 and 3 mg.l^-1, which were represented with A0  ،A1 ، A2  and A3 respectively

The agricultural sector is one of the important economic sectors which contribute to provide the food and raw materials that use into many industrial goods and create jobs. Moreover, it helps to reduce the imports of agricultural products and activate of growing the other manufacturing sectors. Even though, the agricultural is very important sector, but still weak and unworthy because the agriculture produce line is not flexible to aggregate demand; however, it needs to expansion in agricultural investment. Since the agricultural sector has characters which are quite different than other sectors which are effective on investor's decisions rely on the economic policy. The study aim to determine th

This research aim to marketing margin account of one kg milk cows to the province of Baghdad district of Abu Ghraib. Collected a sample of (146) producer cow’s milk, (15) broker (milk collector's) and (21) retailer, random sample selection manner. The average marketing margin of one kg milk cows was about 400 dinars \ kg, marketing margin retailer and broker were about (250,150) dinar\ kg respectively, marketing costs of the retailer and broker have amounted to (81.42, 22.02) dinar \ kg. Retailer and broker profits amounted to about (168.58, 127.98) dinar \ kg. Dinar per consumer paid all of the producer , retailer and broker was amounted to (46.7, 33.3, 20.0)%, respectively. That causing the decline in broker